专题08 非谓语动词-备战2022年中考语法专项突破+题型特训.doc

专题8 非谓语动词主动形式:to do,to be doing,to have done考点一、非谓语动词的分类及其功能不定式被动形式:to be done,to have beeen done doing,to have done形式现在分词主动形式:doing, having done被动形式:being done, having beeen done doing,to have done过去分词done1.不定式做状语2.分词做状语3.独立成分做状语非谓语动词做状语1.不定式做定语2.分词做定语做定语功能1.不定式做宾语2.动名词做宾语做宾语1.不定式做补语2.分词做补语3.不定式、分词做补语的区别做补语作主语1.不定式做主语2.动名词做主语作表语1.不定式做表语2.动名词做标考点二、动词不定式的功能及用法动词不定式不定式(to) do的用法不定式的时态不定式的一般式1.表示与谓语动词同时发生eg:I saw him go out.作主语作表语作宾语作宾补作定语作状语宾从省略式常被形式主语it代替be+to do “是做”被形式宾语it代替省to或不省要后置，省介否表目的，原因疑问词+to do不定式的进行时1.表示谓语动词的动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行。eg:He pretendedto be sleeping when I came in.2表示在谓语动词之后发生eg:He is believed to be coming 2.表式在谓语动词之后发生。eg: I plan to attend the meeting tommow.考点三、动名词的功能及用法动名词动名词的用法作主语eg:Seeing is believing作表语eg:Her job is teaching作宾语eg:He fond of playing football作定语eg:He has a reading room 接动名词作宾语的情况在下列动词后接动词作宾语时用动名词形式：admit,advise,allow,anticipate, 考点四、过去分词的功能及用法过去分词形式功能(1)一般情况，在动词后加ed. (2)在以-e结尾动词后只加d.(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i 再加-ed.(4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed作时间状语; 作原因状语作条件状语; 表示伴随状况做状语做定语做宾补过去分词没有语态变化。过去分词自身就可以表示被动语态的意义。1.过去分词可以作名词的 前置定语感官动词+宾语 +过去分词宾补（意义被动，已经完成）；感官动词+宾语+ing形式宾补(意义主动，正在进行）过去分词短语可以作名词的后置定语1.及物动词的过去分词作定语有被动之意。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语有完成之意。有些不及物动词必须和副词搭配才能作定语使役动词+宾语+过去分词宾补（意义被动，已经完成）；使役动词+宾语+ing形式宾补（意义主动，正在进行）过去分词宾补表示正在发生的被动意义时要采用"being + 过去分词"结构过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，要在过去分词的前面加上一个名词，构成过去分词的独立结构。作状语。 一、选择填空1.The meeting _ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place2._ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds.A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring3.It's no good _ here. Let's go home.A. to waitB. waitedC. waitingD. being waited4.I listened to the wind, _ that he would not come tonight.A. thinkingB. to think C. thoughtD. being thinking5.I am sorry _ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having6.Tom apologized to me _ again.A. to be lateB. of being lateC. to have been lateD. for being late7._ since the night before, I felt very hungry.A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadn't eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything8.We then listened to the child _ the article _ on the blackboard.A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written9._ it with me and I'll see what I can do.A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave10._ such a chance, why don't you have a try?A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving11.Five people were reported _ in the accident.A. to be killedB. to kill C. killedD. to have been killed12._ is bad for his health.A. Mike smokingB. Mike's smokingC. Mike's being smokingD. Mike smokes13.I came into the classroom, _ my seat and sat down to read.A. findingB. to findC. foundD. founded14.It is a problem that doesn't need _ right now.A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving15._ by a crowd of people, I felt nervous, _ what to say.A. Watching, didn't know B. Having watched, and not knewC. Having been watch, not known D. Being watched, not knowing二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.How about_ (have) a party next Sunday. 2.Dad often ask me _ (not play) on the road. 3.I dont know how _ (express) my exciting feelings.4.Mr, Green was so angry that he couldnt help _ (shout) at his wife. 5.We should avoid _ (disturb) others. 6.He was made _ (wash) the car himself. 7.We must take strong measure _ (protect)our environment. 8.I happened _ (meet) one of my friends in the street yesterday. 9.Theres no need _ (leave) right now.10.It s our duty_ (protect) our planet.11.Im sorry_ (disturb) you.12.Can you teach me how _ (surf)?13.He promised_ (follow) the good suggestions.14.If you have a chance_ (study) here,you will learn more knowledge.15.Learn the new while _ (review) the old.三、根据所给汉语提示写出下列句中所缺的名词1.China is a _(发展) country, _ (属于) the Third World.2.The building _ (建造)will be served as our dining- hall.3.Not _ (知道) his address, we have no way_(取得联系) with him.4.Not _ (理解、懂得) the local language and having no friend in the country, he found it impossible _(找到) a job.5. _(出生) and _(教育、养育) in the countryside, he knows better about the hard life of pleasant.6.In recent years, _(领导) by the Party, people find their living conditions greatly _(改变、变化). 7.Would you be so kind as_(给)us some advice on how _(学习) English.8. I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and _(给) lessons to lovely boys.9.On the meeting, twenty-five_(前进) teachers were praised and those who had completed thirty years of teaching were given medals.10. She kept the lamb_(系) to a tree during the day and went to fetch it every evening.四、词语运用阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。mop；smoke；apologize；look；mind；punish；fine；hit；catch；tremain A cook was caught 1 (smoke) red-handed and the owner of the restaurant made him2 (hit) on road immediately. With so many staff 3 (look) at him ,he felt very embarrassed . His colleagues found it right for him 4 (punish), because the lighted cigarette ends could cause the whole restaurant 5 (catch) fire. The cook begged the owner to give him the last chance . The owner eventually had him 6 (apologize) and got him 9 (fine).The cook was allowed 10 (remain). Now, he is seen 11 (mop) the floors hard and I notice many customers passing him .He is listen to to remind them 14 (mind)the sign, reading “NO SMOKING !” I hear a voice in my heart saying “respect yourself and you will feel valued.”五、完形填空In the Quality Education Month of Shanghai Yangpu District, the visitors were attracted by a Chinese class ofgrade two in the Primary School under shanghai No. 2 Normal School.When class began, the teacher truned onTV instead of _1_ the pupils to open their textbooks. On the TV_2_ a cartoon. With the cartoon _3_on, the teacher kept asking questions. "What does the little_4_ dog look like?“ How is his expression?”and“what lady Silk worm doing? The pupils watched carefully and_5_their hands_6_ the questions one after another. After_7_a few times and _8_ about it together,the pupils handed in a short composition _9_"The little Spotted Dog Guards the House”.Much to the surprise of the visitors, the cartoon shown on TV was designed and made by the  They help thepupils to understand the difficult points in the texts, _10_ their imagination and improve their oral ability.1.A. having asking B. asking C. to ask D. being asking2. A appeared B appearing C. appear D appears3. A.to go B going C. went D. had gone4. A. spotting B.spotted C.being spotted D.is spotted5.A. put up B. putted up C. putting up D.put down6.A. to answer B. for answering C. and answering D. to answering7.A.watched B.watching C. having watched  D. watches8.A talked B. having talked C. talk D. talking9.A.titled B. being titled C. have titled D. titling10. A.enrich B.to enrich C. enriched D enriching参考答案：一、15AACAC 610DDDC 1115DBCBD二、1.having 2.not to play 3.to express 4.shouting 5.disturbing 6.to wash 7.to protect 8.to meet 9.to leave 10.to protect 11.to disturb 12.to surf 13.following 14.to study 15.reviewing三、1.developing, belonging to 2.being built 3.Not knowing, to get in touch 4.Not understanding, to find 5. born, brought up 6. led, changed 7. to give , to learn 8.giving 9. advanced 10. tied四、1.smoking 2.hit 3.looking 4.to be punished 5.to catch 6.apologize 7.fined 8.to remain 9.mopping 10. to mind 五、15BABBA 610ABDAA