MATLAB例程教学内容.doc
Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。MATLAB例程-MatlabResources： http:/www.people.cornell.edu/pages/jf262/matlab_main.htm1.MatlabatMathWorks Fulldocumentationbythedeveloper 2.MatLabTutorialhttp:/users.ece.gatech.edu/%7Ebonnie/book/TUTORIAL/tutorial.htmlThistutorialisavailableasasupplementtothetextbookFundamentalsofSignalsandSystemsUsingMatlabbyEdwardKamenandBonnieHeck,publishedbyPrenticeHall.Alsoavailableaspdf.http:/www.people.cornell.edu/pages/jf262/matlab/useful%20pages/tutorial.pdf3.MatLabgraphicshttp:/www.people.cornell.edu/pages/jf262/matlab/useful%20pages/Matlab%20graphics.htmTomiSalminen,CSC1998.AnintroductiontoMatlabgraphicscommandswithexamplesandfigures.4.NumericalComputingwithMATLABhttp:/www.people.cornell.edu/pages/jf262/matlab/ebook1/ncm_index.htm5.MatLabvectorandmatrixtips(pdf)http:/www.people.cornell.edu/pages/jf262/matlab/useful%20pages/mtt.pdf6. MatlabPrograming:Design&Application(Chinese)http:/www.people.cornell.edu/pages/jf262/matlab/matlablearn/index.htm1、 figure1）h=bar(clrflux_up10(:,2),clrflux_up10(:,3),'Edgecolor','k','Facecolor','k')holdonbar(pollutionflux_up10(:,2),pollutionflux_up10(:,3),'Edgecolor','k','Facecolor','w')axis(400700015);boxoffxlabel('TOAflux(Wm-2)')legend('AODleq0.2','AOD>0.5')axis(400700015);set(gca,'TickLength',0.015;0.015)set(gca,'TickDir','out');set(gca,'position',0.150.30.70.4)plot(DATEnum,BJ2005_MISR_AER(:,4),':ks','LineWidth',1,'MarkerEdgeColor','m','MarkerFaceColor','m','MarkerSize',5)holdonplot(DATEnum,BJ2005_MISR_AER(:,8),':ko','LineWidth',1,'MarkerEdgeColor','b','MarkerFaceColor','b','MarkerSize',5)附加绘图程序：date='070427'station='bj'n=size(date,1);c=strcat(station,date);a=load('D:BJDOASbj2',c,'.dat');figure('Position',1,1,800,800);plot(1:288,a(:,6),'*-r','LineWidth',2.5);holdonplot(1:288,a(:,8),'o-b','LineWidth',2.5);plot(1:288,a(:,10),'-k','LineWidth',2.5);holdoffYLabel('fontsize16MixingRatio(ppb)');XLabel('fontsize16Hours');Title('fontsize14',date(1:2),'/',date(3:4),'/',date(5:6);Legend('fontsize14SO_2','fontsize14NO_2','fontsize14O_3');legend('boxoff');XLim(0.5,288.5);%YLim(0,max(a(:,6),a(:,8),a(:,10)*1.2);set(gca,'xtick',0.5:24:288.5,'xticklabel',0:2:24,'fontsize',12);saveas(gcf,'D:BJDOASbj5',c,'.emf');close;2）文本标注Ht=text(0,0,fontsize12alpha=0.3)set(ht,Color,k,HorizontalAlignment,Center)3)双坐标轴绘制I）粗略绘制set(gca,'TickLength',0.015;0.015)set(gca,'position',0.150.60.50.2);axis(0,4000,-15,20,0,100);AX,H1,H2=plotyy(upair2(1:7,3),upair2(1:7,4),upair2(1:7,3),upair2(1:7,6)set(H1,'Color','k');%set(H1,'XMinorTick','on');axes('Position',get(AX(1),'Position'),'XColor','k','YColor','k')set(H2,'Color','k','LineStyle',':');title('10-02')II）精确绘制tp:压力变量tt：温度变量clfreset,h_ap=axes(position,0.13,0.13,0.7,0.75);set(h_ap,Xcolor,b,Ycolor,b,Xlim,0,5,Ylim,0,15);nx=10;ny=6;%为两套坐标系定义共同的坐标刻度分段数。pxtick=0:(5-0)/nx:5;pytick=0(15-0)/ny):15;set(h_ap,Xtick,pxtick,Ytick,pytick,Xgrid,on,Ygrid,on)%保证坐标系按约定分段数刻度；h_linet=line(tp,yp,Color,b);set(get(h_ap,Xlabel),String,时间rightarrow分)set(get(h_ap,Ylabel),String,压力rightarrow（times105pa）)h_at=axes(position,get(h_ap,Position);%保证两套坐标系重合的技巧。set(h_at,Color,none,Xcolor,r,Ycolor,r);保证重合坐标系都可见的技术，使得后面产生的h_at轴背景“无色透明,而不遮盖前面的图像。set(h_at,Xaxislocation,top)%把第二套坐标系的横轴设置在轴位框的“顶边”，把纵轴设置在轴位的“右%边”，而且增值%的方向是自上而下的set(h_at,Yaxislocation,right,Ydir,rev)set(get(h_at,Xlabel),String,时间rightarrow分)set(get(h_at,Ylabel),String,压力rightarrow（times105pa）)set(h_at,Ylim,0,210)line(tt,yt,Color,r,Parent,h_at);%确保温度曲线绘制在h_at坐标中xpm=get(h_at,Xlim);%获取h_at坐标系横轴的取值范围。txtick=xpm(1):(xpm(2)-xpm(1)/nx):xpm(2);tytick=0:(210-0)/ny):210;set(h_ap,Xtick,txtick,Ytick,tytick)4）绘制多个图形，在一张图上ff=figure(ss)h1=subplot(3,1,1)plot(modis_spr(:,1),modis_spr(:,3),'g->')xlim(2000.52006.5)ylim(01.5)holdonplot(modis_sum(:,1),modis_sum(:,3),'r-o')holdonplot(modis_aut(:,1),modis_aut(:,3),'y-')holdonplot(modis_win(:,1),modis_win(:,3),'b-*')legend('MAM','JJA','SON','DJF','Orientation','horizontal')legend('boxoff')%legend()title(ZHANDIANss,:)set(h1,'position',0.1,0.65,0.6,0.2)set(gca,'ytick',0:0.5:1.5,'yticklabel','0.0''0.5''1.0''1.5','xticklabel','','fontsize',10)ylabel('AODat550nm')set(gca,'yminortick','on');set(gca,'TickLength',0.02;0.02);h2=subplot(3,1,2)plot(spr(:,1),spr(:,4),'g->')xlim(2000.52006.5)holdonplot(sum(:,1),sum(:,4),'r-o')holdonplot(aut(:,1),aut(:,4),'y-')holdonplot(win(:,1),win(:,4),'b-*')%set(gca,'yticklabel',0.00.10.30.4,'xticklabel','')set(h2,'position',0.1,0.45,0.6,0.2,'fontsize',10)set(gca,'xticklabel','')set(gca,'yminortick','on');set(gca,'TickLength',0.02;0.02);set(gca,'TickLength',0.02;0.02,'YAxisLocation','right');ax=axes('Position',get(gca,'Position'),.'YAxisLocation','left',.'Color','none','xlim',get(gca,'xlim'),.'ylim',get(gca,'ylim'),'yticklabel','');ylabel('PM10','');%写成两行set(gca,'yminortick','on','fontsize',10);set(gca,'TickLength',0.02;0.02);h3=subplot(3,1,3)plot(spr(:,1),spr(:,3),'g->')xlim(2000.52006.5)ylim(0200)holdonplot(sum(:,1),sum(:,3),'r-o')holdonplot(aut(:,1),aut(:,3),'y-')holdonplot(win(:,1),win(:,3),'b-*')set(h3,'position',0.1,0.25,0.6,0.2)set(gca,'xticklabel',2001:1:2006,'fontsize',10)set(gca,'TickLength',0.01;0.01);xlabel('year')ylabel('API')set(gca,'yminortick','on','fontsize',10);set(gca,'TickLength',0.02;0.02);%saveas(ff,'E:resultseason_figure',sitess,:,'season_modis.emf');%saveas(ff,'E:resultseason_figure',sitess,:,'season_modis.eps');2、相关系数计算rs=corrcoef(x,y)3、气溶胶插值程序wt=log(0.44/0.47)/log(0.659/0.47)taer44=raddata(ii,20)*(raddata(ii,19)/raddata(ii,20)*wt4、%计算大气层顶向上和地面向下辐射通量的反射率fori=1:xh_num%solardistance:日地距离xxx=2*3.1416*(xh_total(i,5)-1)/365;solardistance(i)=1.000109+0.033494*cos(xxx)+0.001472*sin(xxx)+0.000768*cos(2*xxx)+0.000079*sin(2*xxx);%计算日地距离的比值albupflux(i)=xh_total(i,18)/(solardistance(i)*solardistance(i)*xh_total(i,25)*1366);%计算大气层顶的反照率albdownflux(i)=xh_total(i,22)/(solardistance(i)*solardistance(i)*xh_total(i,25)*1366);%计算透过End6、插值程序loadE:ceresskytoaoutputHuabeitotalflux1002.dat;datafile=totalflux1002toa_new=zeros(81,81);lat=zeros(81,81);lon=zeros(81,81);forn=1:81lat(1:81,n)=42:-0.05:38;lon(n,1:81)=115:0.05:119;endZI=zeros(81,81);form=1:81forn=1:81%ZI(m,n)=interp2(bb,dd,ff,lon(m,n),lat(m,n);ZI(m,n)=griddata(datafile(:,7),datafile(:,8),datafile(:,11),lon(m,n),lat(m,n);%进行插值endend7计算平均值%利用07年1月1113日的北京站aeronet数据来标定五台光度计的敏感性参数clear;clc;loadE:sunphometersunprogramCIMEL_SUN_070113.mat%对于手持光度计，01号：55列为440nm%_给出变量的行数和列数line01,col01=size(sun01_data);line02,col02=size(sun02_data);line10,col10=size(sun10_data);line11,col11=size(sun11_data);lineLOA,colLOA=size(sunLOA_data);lineBJ,colBJ=size(Beijing_data);%01#光度计标定day=11;12;13;sun_num=0;sun_num2=0;SUN01=0;forj=1:line01%判断所测数据值间隔时间，间隔小于6分钟，求平均，认为是一次观测if(j=1)day=sun01_data(j,4);time=sun01_data(j,5)+sun01_data(j,6)/60;endif(day=sun01_data(j,4)difference=(sun01_data(j,5)+sun01_data(j,6)/60)-time;if(difference<=0.05)sun_num=sun_num+1;SUN01=sun01_data(j,:)+SUN01;elseif(difference>0.05)sun_num2=sun_num2+1;sun01_mean(sun_num2,:)=SUN01/sun_num;sun_num=1;SUN01=sun01_data(j,:);time=sun01_data(j,5)+sun01_data(j,6)/60;%由于判断difference>0.1要多循环一次，所以必须减去一次循环endelseif(day=sun01_data(j,4)sun_num2=sun_num2+1;sun01_mean(sun_num2,:)=SUN01/sun_num;sun_num=1;SUN01=sun01_data(j,:);time=sun01_data(j,5)+sun01_data(j,6)/60;day=sun01_data(j,4);endendsun_num2=sun_num2+1;sun01_mean(sun_num2,:)=SUN01/sun_num;%sun01_mean为最终输出变量，为每个时间段记录的平均%_9、读文件ddate='01''02''03''04''05''06''07''08''09''10''11''12''13''14''15''16''17''18''19''20''21''22''23''24''25''26''27''28''29''30''31'fid=fopen('E:atmosphereoutputximeng200701shanghai_ACS_M_Z_54102_200701',ddate(dday,:),'.out','r');iffid=-1%判断要读取的文件是否存在ddd=str2num(ddate(dday,:);data=fscanf(fid,'%i%i%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f',28inf);data=data'd_n,bb=size(data);10、hdf文件读取Hdf-EOSGRIDDATAMISR:Name:AerosolParameterAverageDimensions:Name:YDimSize:360Name:XDimSize:720Name:AlgorithmTypeSize:8TileDimensions:4590UpperLeftGridCorner:-18000000090000000LowerRightGridCorner:180000000-90000000Rows:360.0Columns:720.0Projection:geoZoneCode:-1.0Sphere:Clarke1866ProjectionParameters:OriginCode:ulPixelRegistrationCode:center直接读取：Optical_depth_average=hdfread('E:MISRMISR_AM1.hdf','AerosolParameterAverage','Fields','Opticaldepthaverage')%按照INDEX读取：Optical_depth_average=hdfread('E:MISRMISR_AM1.hdf','AerosolParameterAverage','Fields','Opticaldepthaverage','Index',1.01.01.0,1.01.01.0,360.0720.08.0);%按照地理坐标读取：Optical_depth_average=hdfread('E:MISRMISR_AM1.hdf','AerosolParameterAverage','Fields','Opticaldepthaverage','Box',80.0,100.0,70.0,50.0);按Interpolate读取Optical_depth_average=hdfread('E:MISRMISR_AM1.hdf','AerosolParameterAverage','Fields','Opticaldepthaverage','Interpolate',80.0,100.0,70.0,50.0);11、hdfswath数据读取mod28L2File='MOD28L2.A2001185.0830.003.2001308112641.hdf'sstInfo=hdfinfo(mod28L2File,'eos');sstSwath=sstInfo.Swath;idx=11,44,;%Subsetby4ineachdimensionsst=hdfread(sstSwath,'Fields','sst','Index',idx);%Readflagsandconstructlandmask.commonFlags=hdfread(sstSwath,'Fields','common_flags','Index',idx);land=(bitget(commonFlags,8)=1);%ReadSSTattributes:scaleandunits.sstInfoHDF=hdfinfo(mod28L2File);datasets=sstInfoHDF.Vgroup.Vgroup(2).SDS;sstDataset=datasets(strmatch('sst',datasets.Name,'exact');%'exact':准确匹配sstAttr=sstDataset.Attributes;sstSlope=double(sstAttr(strmatch('Slope',sstAttr.Name).Value)sstIntercept=double(sstAttr(strmatch('Intercept',sstAttr.Name).Value)sstUnits=sstAttr(strmatch('Units',sstAttr.Name).Value%ReadMODISgeolocationdatafields.mod03File='MOD03.A2001185.0830.003.2001305034045.hdf'geoInfo=hdfinfo(mod03File,'eos');sstLat=double(hdfread(geoInfo.Swath,'Fields','Latitude','Index',idx);sstLon=double(hdfread(geoInfo.Swath,'Fields','Longitude','Index',idx);sstLat(sstLat=-999)=NaN;sstLon(sstLon=-999)=NaN;12、绘制colormap%Loadthecolormapanddisplayastandardcolorbar.loadcolormapscmap=sstCmap;ndviCmap;%Wesavedourcolormapintwoequalpartsfigure%firstfigurecolormap(cmap)set(axes,'Visible','off')h=colorbar('horiz');set(get(h,'Title'),'String','StandardColorbar')13、读文件，去除头文件fid=fopen('E:ExperimentalData试验数据LidarData2006-082006-08-03-Runresult',data1(i,1).name,'r');iffid=-1temp=fgetl(fid);data=fscanf(fid,'%f%f%f%f%f%f%f%f',81000);%将数据倒过来endendnewname2=num2str(k),'h'xlswrite('E:ExperimentalData试验数据LidarData2006-082006-08-03-Runm',newname2,NuuH');14、多项式拟合及图形绘制X=0:0.1:1;y=3457.89101113.315;Dy=0.15;fori=1:6a,S=POLYFIT(x,y,n);An=a;da=dy*sqrt(diag(inv(S.R*S.R)%计算个系数的误差DAn=da;freedom(n)=S.df%记录自由度ye,delta=polyval(a,x,S);%计算拟和多项式的范围YEn=ye;Dn=delta;Chi2(n)=sum(y-ye).2/dy/dy%计算不同阶次的x2量endQ=1-chicdf(chi,freedom);%用于判断拟合良好度Subplot(1,2,1),plot(1:6,abs(chi2-freedom),b)xlabel(阶次),title(chi2与自由度)subplot(1,2,2),plot(1:6,Q,r,1:6,ones(1:6)*0.5)xlabel(阶次),title(Q与0.5线)clf，plot(x,y,b+)errorbar(x,YE3,D3,r)text(0.1,5.5,;text(0.1,5,f)15、如何读文本文件fidin=fopen('test2.txt'); %打开test2.txt文件 fidout=fopen('mkmatlab.txt','w'); %创建MKMATLAB.txt文件whilefeof(fidin) %判断是否为文件末尾 tline=fgetl(fidin); %从文件读行 ifdouble(tline(1)>=48&&double(tline(1)<=57） %判断首字符是否是数值 fprintf(fidout,'%snn',tline); %如果是数字行，把此行数据写入文件MKMATLAB.txt continue %如果是非数字继续下一次循环 endendfclose(fidout);MK=importdata('MKMATLAB.txt'); %16、一些常用字符串命令用fread读入数据，再利用下面的一些函数处理二进制数及其他字符，再把二进制转化为十进制数。deblank:去掉字符串末尾的空格findstr:查找字符串isstr:字符串判断isletter:字母判断isspace:空子符判断lower:转换为小写strcat:字符串连接组合strcmp:字符串比较strcmpi:字符串比较(忽略大小写)strjust:调整字符串排列位置strmatch:寻找符合条件的行strncmp:比较字符串的前n个字符strrep:寻找和替代strtok:寻找字符串中第一个空字符前边的字符串××/标记查找strvcat:字符串竖向连接(组合)symvar:寻找字符串表达式中的变量(除了i,j,pi,inf,nan,eps以及通用函数的其他标识符),如果没有找到变量则返回空单元数组strings:Matlab字符串函数说明str2mat:字符串转换成文本texlabel:将字符串转换为Tex格式(推荐理科同学掌握Latex)upper:字符串大写17、MATLAB中的colormapcolormap(hot)shadingflat%不同填充格式shadingfacetedshadinginterphsv-hue-saturation-valuecolormaphot-black-red-yellow-whitecolormapgray-lineargray-scalecolormapbone-gray-scalewithtingeofbluecolormapcopper-linearcopper-tonecolormappink-pastelshadesofpinkcolormapwhite-allwhitecolormapflag-alternatingred,white,blue,andblackcolormaplines-colormapwiththelinecolorscolorcube-enhancedcolor-cubecolormapvga-windowscolormapfor16colorsjet-variantofHSVprism-prismcolormapcool-shadesofcyanandmagentacolormapautumn-shadesofredandyellowcolormapspring-shadesofmagentaandyellowcolormapwinter-shadesofblueandgreencolormapsummer-shadesofgreenandyellowcolormap-
