2021_2022学年新教材高中英语Unit4EverydayeconomicsSectionⅢDevelopingideas&Presentingideas课时作业含解析外研版选择性必修第四册202107021223.docx

Unit 4Ssection Developing ideas& Presenting ideas阅阅读理解A A dozen international coffee experts moved around a long wooden table, pausing at each steaming cup, heads dipping, smelling and tasting. In the wings, coffee farmer Yang Fan watches attentively, awaiting a decision on her latest crop of beans.In recent years, China is fast developing a reputation as a top coffee producer. This tasting was a side event to the first ever Pu'er International Specialty Coffee Expo in China's southwestern Yunnan Province, which ran this winter and drew more than a thousand attendees, including industry aficionados (酷爱者) from across the globe.“Coffee has huge potential in China，” says Liu Ying, who is working in private investment in Beijing to grow coffee in Pu'er five years ago. “The younger generation prefers to drink coffee in their offices much more than tea.”Still,_Pu'er_remains_synonymous_with_tea. In a region of China known for thousands of years of tea growing, a new crop is beginning to change the country's landscape: coffee. This town near the Laos border is surrounded by green hills; it produces a variety of tea which is also called Pu'er. But the region's mild climate is also perfect for growing Arabica coffee. And as China's young people move away from traditional tea in favor of the invigorating coffee, Pu'er's farmers are catering to the demand. Yunnan accounts for 98% of China's coffee harvest, with half coming from the misty landscape around Pu'er. Today, China is the 13th biggest coffee producer in the worldrising from zero output three decades ago to 136,000 tons annually today.In April, Seattle's annual Specialty Coffee Expo decided to showcase China as its portrait country of origin. It follows on the heels of Starbucks' launching its first single­origin Yunnan coffee last year after eight years of partnership with Yunnan farmers.With global coffee prices at record lows, Yunnan farmers are processing beans in bespoke (定制的) ways to create distinct flavorsallowing them to enter the market of specialty coffee. “At current coffee prices, I can't even feed my family，” says the farmer Yang. “My only way out is to produce specialty coffee, to make the best coffee beans.” That means letting beans dry in their cherries, thus producing a wild, fruity flavor, or allowing them to “honey” in their sugary inner layer, which adds the slight sweetness.“If I told you this was Colombian or Panama coffee, nobody would argue with me，” says Samuel Gurel, CEO of Pu'er's Torch Coffee Roasters, as Yang breaks into a laughter. “It's a great example of how Chinese coffee is evolving.”1What is the main idea of the passage?ACoffee gains ground in China's tea­growing heartland.BCoffee is taking the place of Pu'er tea in Yunnan Province.CBespoke coffee in Yunnan has a variety of flavors.DChina has become a top coffee producer in the world.2People grow coffee in Pu'er because _. Athey have the tradition to plant coffee BStarbucks needs coffee from Yunnan Province Ccoffee planted there has a special flavor Dthey think coffee has great potential in China3What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph mean? APu'er cannot produce coffee. BCoffee enjoys a good reputation. CPu'er is most famous for its tea. DPu'er is as popular as coffee.4What does Samuel Gurel think of Yang's coffee beans? AHe is worried about it. BHe thinks highly of it. CHe doubts its future. DHe shows no interest in it.BJamie Whitmore, 43, isn't used to slowing down. The professional athlete who became a gold medalist in the Olympics for the disabled has never met a challenge she couldn't overcome, whether it was a mountain bike race or cancer.One morning in 2007, Whitmore found her leg muscles were tight when going for a jog. Thinking she'd pushed herself too hard in the last race, she ignored the pain. Later at a sports camp in Arizona, she realised something was wrong. “Once I got on my bike I was so painful that it was hard to lift my legs. I flew back home to go to hospital.” What doctors found shocked them all: Whitmore had a soft tissue tumour (肿瘤) that started in the bone, and the tumour wrapped around her nerves of waist, touching several vital organs.After the surgery, Whitmore had to learn to walk again with the help of a physical doctor. She also started radiation treatment, but four months later, doctors had worse news: A scan showed the cancer was back. “This time it was more aggressive. Doctors took the rest of my nerves in the waist, and removed some tumours from my tail bone.” Whitmore developed sepsis (败血症) from the surgery and endured a two­month recovery. “My scans were coming back, showing I was clear of cancer, but now I had all of these other complications (并发症)”Today, Whitmore is a mother and cancer­free. She has won a gold medal in the Paralympics, and has set two world records. Whitmore has some advice for others_with_limitations:_“Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. You have to find out yourself. Some doctors told me I would never ride anything more than a stationary bike. And yet I rode my mountain bike 104 miles climbing from 9,000 feet to 14,000 feet. You just can't give up.”5What's Whitmore's first reaction to her leg pain?AShe was very scared.BShe thought nothing of it.CShe related it to cancer.DShe thought of muscle tumour.6What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3?AWhat Whitmore has suffered.BHow Whitmore reacted to cancer.CWhat Whitmore planned to perform.DWhat Whitmore thought of the treatment.7Who does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 refer to?APeople living with cancers.BPeople short of virtues.CPeople without good luck.DPeople living with disabilities.8Which one of the following best describes Whitmore?AHumorous and unhealthy.BOutgoing and honest.CStrong­minded and optimistic.DDetermined and naughty.CAnyone who commutes (通勤) by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life. But humans are not alone in facing potential traffic jams. Ants also commutebetween their nests and sources of food. The survival of their colonies (群体) depends on doing this efficiently.“The more they are, the more food they're going to bring back. But at the same time, they might end up in a traffic jam because there are too many of them，”SebastienMotsch, a professor in Arizona State University said. When humans commute, there's a point at which cars become dense enough to slow down the flow of traffic, causing congestion. Motsch and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get blocked. So they controlled traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched.The flow of ants did increase initially as ants started to fill the bridge and then stabilised at high density. But it never slowed down, even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants. The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole. That meant cautiously tracking thousands of separate ants as they made their way across the bridge.Motsch and his team found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speed and avoid entering high­density areas, which prevents congestion. The behaviour may be made by pheromones (外激素), the chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is. The ants also manage to avoid colliding with each other at high density, which could really slow them down.Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? “Not likely，” says Motsch. That's because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ants have to be more co­operative in order to feed the colony. But the research could be useful for bettering traffic flow for self­driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humansand more like ants.9What is the purpose of the research?ATo compare humans with ants.BTo see how ants avoid traffic jams.CTo solve the problem of traffic jams.DTo see whether ants will encounter a traffic jam.10What did the researchers do before testing the ants?AThey built bridges of different widths.BThey made the ants on the move.CThey watched the ants closely.DThey got the ants blocked.11What is the result of the research?AThe ants avoid entering high­density areas.BThe ants never stop and no traffic jam happens.CThe ants sense overcrowding and adjust their speed.DThe ants give off chemicals to tell others where they can go.12What's the researchers' attitude to solving our own traffic problems?AOptimistic. BDoubtful.CIndifferent. DSupportive.课时作业(十二)阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了以种植茶叶而闻名数千年的普洱开始种植咖啡，并获得了良好口碑。这是因为随着中国的年轻人的喜好从传统的茶叶转向提神的咖啡，普洱茶的种植者也在迎合这种需求。而随着全球咖啡价格跌至历史最低水平，云南农民开始用定制的方式加工咖啡豆，以创造独特的口味，从而进入专业咖啡市场。1答案与解析：A主旨大意题。文章主要介绍以种植茶叶而闻名数千年的普洱开始种植咖啡，并获得了良好口碑。由此可知A项符合文章标题。2答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第三段中“Coffee has huge potential in China，. much more than tea.”可知，人们在普洱种植咖啡是因为他们认为咖啡在中国有巨大的潜力。3答案与解析：C词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“In a region of China known for thousands of years of tea growing”可知，普洱在中国是一个以种植茶叶而闻名数千年的地区，普洱以茶出名。故C项“普洱最出名的是它的茶”符合语境。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If I told you this was Colombian or Panama coffee, nobody would argue with me， says Samuel Gurel, CEO of Pu'er's Torch Coffee Roasters, as Yang breaks into a laughter.”可知Samuel Gurel对Yang的咖啡豆评价很高。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了残奥会金牌获得者杰米·惠特莫尔对山地自行车赛的坚持和与癌症抗争的经历。凭借着永不放弃的精神，她克服了种种困难，成为生活中的强者。5答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段中的Thinking she'd pushed herself too hard in the last race, she ignored the pain.可知，惠特莫尔对腿痛的第一反应是觉得没有大碍，故选B。6答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据第三段中的learn to walk again; started radiation treatment, but four months later, doctors had worse news; it was more aggressive; Whitmore developed sepsis等内容可知，第三段主要介绍了惠特莫尔所遭受的病痛，故选A。7答案与解析：D词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前一句中的She has won a gold medal in the Paralympics和第一段中的a gold medalist in the Olympics for the disabled可知，惠特莫尔赢得了残奥会金牌，由此可推断此处指的是她想给同她一样的残疾人一些忠告。故选D。8答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. And yet I rode my mountain bike 104 miles climbing from 9,000 feet to 14,000 feet. You just can't give up.”并结合全文内容可推断，惠特莫尔是一位意志坚强且乐观的人。故选C。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。蚂蚁也会像人类一样通勤在蚁穴和食物之间，它们也会遇到交通堵塞吗？9答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Motsch and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get blocked.”可知，这个研究的目的是了解蚂蚁是否会遇到交通堵塞。故选D。10答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“So they controlled traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food.”可知，对蚂蚁进行研究之前，他们先建造了不同宽度的桥梁。故选A。11答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Motsch and his team found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speed and avoid entering high­density areas, which prevents congestion.”可知，该研究发现，蚂蚁并不会停下来，也没有造成拥堵。故选B。12答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? Not likely， says Motsch.”可以推断，研究者对蚂蚁能否帮助解决人类的交通堵塞问题持怀疑态度。故选B项。