2022版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练8必修2Unit3Computers练习含解析新人教版20210609286.doc

课时提能练(八) 必修2Unit 3ComputersA：知识层面.语境语法填空 A(考查派生词)Our life has changed a lot since the 1appearance (appear) of computers. Complicated issues have been 2simplified (simple). For example, financial services are becoming more easily accessible. 3Operators (operate) just use a keyboard or a mouse to get their work finished in a short time. Now, 4intelligent (intelligence) computers are being more widely used, even in the 5exploration (explore) and recognition of the universe. 6Personally (personal), computers will influence all aspects of our life with more 7application (apply) softwares being developed.B(考查动词)The forum is meant 8to explore (explore) how mobile phones influence people's well­being. A mobile phone is now used for more than just communication. It can function as a 9calculating (calculate) device. Someone uses it 10to signal (signal) to the robot in his/her home to do housework, such as 11mopping (mop) the floor and doing the laundry. By 12downloading (download) and installing a certain app, people can video chat with each other. With new apps 13arising (arise), mobiles will have more functions. However, negative effects mobile phones have on people's health is obvious. The problem must 14be solved (solve) if we want to stay fit.C(考查句型)With the sun 15rising (rise), I was expecting a new start. After a quick breakfast, I went to my office 16feeling (feel) energetic and quickly devoted my attention to my work. So much work did I have to do 17that I had no time to take a rest. However, 18as the day went on, the weather was getting worse. It didn't take long 19before a heavy rain came. I stopped my work and was hurrying back home. Unfortunately, I fell off my bicycle. As well as 20breaking (break) one of my legs, I hurt both of my arms.根据提示补全句子 1可以先把这个文件移到一个目录中存放一个月左右，然后再删除掉。The file can be moved to a directory where it is kept for a month or so before it is deleted2迈克尔今天对我们十分冷淡。不知我们是否冒犯了他。Michael seems very cool towards us today.I wonder whether we've offended him.3随着时间的推移，脑力劳动和体力劳动更加难以区分。As time goes by，it will become increasingly hard to distinguish mental and manual labour.4关键是你得找到顺手的工具，这样你才能快速、简洁并高效地工作。The key is to find the tool that is most comfortable for you，so you can work quickly concisely，and at a high level.5他专注于看手机，结果忽视了周围的一切。He was so absorbed in his phone that he ignored everything around.B：能力层面.阅读理解ARemember Vitaminwater's “free of rolling screens for a year” challenge that people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100，000? Well，Elana Mugdan，a New York woman，has been into it for eight months，and just four months away from claiming the grand prize.Vitaminwater made news headlines last December when it announced its unique challenge.Thousands of people applied to be chosen as the perfect candidate to spend a year without touching their smart phones，but in the end，the only person who got to try and survived for an entire year without a handheld smart phone was Elana Mugdan，a 29­year­old fiction writer from Queens，New York.Eight months into the challenge，she claims it has been a free and eye­opening experience that shows her just how dependent she becomes on her smart phone.Even though there are times when she misses her handheld smart phone，she plans to go on living without it even after the challenge ends，because she really doesn't want to go back to days when she overused it，wasted time，stayed up all hours of the night on it，and was obsessed with social media.But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before.“Many people did me a favor.However，once，I almost get stranded (被滞留的) in the Sea­Tac Airport because the phone number I'd written down was wrong，and I had no way of referring to the right one，no way of calling a cab，and no one in the state who could help me，” the young writer said.Another time，her car's “ check engine” light turned on while she was driving in an unfamiliar area at night.She couldn't use her phone's GPS，or even check what the light meant online or find a nearby car repair shop.But she learned to overcome these situations.And now she claims the last eight months of phone­free life have been one of the best adventures of her life and that she'll keep it for another four months.【语篇解读】文章讲述了Elana Mugdan在参加Vitaminwater发起的一年不用手机的挑战过程中，所遇到的困难及其感受。1What's the challenge “free of rolling screens for a year”？APeople free from smart phones can live a richer life.BPeople living a telephone­free life can be awarded money every year.CPeople living without computers for a year will win a grand prize.DPeople spending a year free from smart phones will get a reward.D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“challenge that people to be free from smart phones for a whole year will win $100，000”可知，这个挑战要求参加者一年内不使用手机，参加者完成挑战后可以获得奖金。故选D。2Which phrase can replace the underlined part “obsessed with” in Paragraph 2?Asatisfied withBaccustomed toCaddicted toDpopular withC词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词所在句中的“she really doesn't want to go back to days when she overused it，wasted time，stayed up all hours of the night on it”可知，Elana Mugdan曾经过度使用手机，浪费了时间，并且还熬夜玩手机。此处与上文内容相衔接，由此可以推测出，此处表示她当时对社交媒体非常迷恋，即上瘾。故选C。3What does Elana Mugdan mainly want to express in Paragraph 3?AIt's fantastic to have someone to help her all the way.BIt's unimaginable to lose her phone number on the way.CIt's unnecessary to refer to information with a smart phone.DIt's difficult to get out of the trouble without a smart phone.D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“But not having access to her smart phone really made certain situations a lot harder than she could have imagined them before”以及本段所列举的事例可知，Elana Mugdan在第三段想告诉我们，没有手机很难摆脱困境。故选D。4What can we learn about Elana Mugdan?AShe couldn't live without a smart phone.BShe finds no one can help her in the adventure.CShe has not won the grand $100，000 prize yet.DShe used to use her smart phone to write fiction.C细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“she'll keep it for another four months”可知，Elana Mugdan还要继续四个月的挑战，由此可知她还没有获得奖金。故选C。BClothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers (零售商) are demanding to get on board in the hope of attracting green shoppers.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally friendly than buying it，and if so，how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated this question and concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping，for example，which has to go two ways if an item is rentedreceiving and returning.Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.She writes，“An item ordered online and then returned can release 20 kilograms of carbon each way，and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping.By comparison，the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at home is 33.4 kilograms，according to a 2015 study by Levi's.”Then there's the burden of washing，which has to happen for every item when it's returned，regardless of whether or not it was worn.For most rental services，this usually means dry­cleaning，a high­impact and polluting process.All the rental services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene (全氯乙烯)，a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant，still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners，with alternatives，although these aren't great either.Lastly，Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion，simply because it's so easily accessible.There's something called “sharewashing” that makes people waste more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco­friendly.Uber is one example of this，advertised as “a way to share rides and limit car ownership”，and yet “it has been proven to discourage walking，bicycling，and public transportation use”Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after wearing few times，but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us too satisfied.There's an even better step that's wearing what is already in the closet.【语篇解读】服装租赁是新兴的热门行业，零售商希望以此吸引环保消费者。可是，该行业并不像它看起来的那样绿色环保。它包含的运输环节要比在实体店里买一件衣服然后在家里洗和穿释放的碳多；清洗环节也会污染环境；而且它可能会使我们更追求快时尚从而浪费得更多。最环保的做法是穿衣橱里本来就有的衣服。5What is Elizabeth Cline's attitude toward clothing rental?AApproving.BUnfavorable.CObjective.DEnthusiastic.B推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，Cline得出的结论是，这个行业并不像它看起来的那样环保；并结合第三至第六段表述的Cline得出这种结论的原因可推知，Cline并不支持服装租赁，B项意为“不赞成的，否定的，不喜欢的”，故B项正确。C项意为“客观的”，与文意不符。6The Uber example in Paragraph 6 indicates that _Arental services are on the riseBclothing rental will be as successful as UberCrenting clothes might waste more than expectedDrenting clothes might make people lose interest in fast fashionC推理判断题。根据第六段第二句可知，因为一种产品或服务是共享的，因此就被认为更环保，但这却使人们浪费得更多。接着下文列举了Uber的例子它被宣传为一种共享出行并限制汽车拥有权的方式，但是最终证明它阻碍了步行、骑自行车和公共交通的使用，由此可推知，举Uber这个例子表明了服装租赁造成的浪费可能比我们想象的多，故C项正确。7The author suggests that we should _Agive up renting clothesBpurchase inexpensive clothesCrent clothes rather than buy themDmake full use of clothes we've possessedD细节理解题。根据尾段尾句“There's an even better stepthat's wearing what is already in the closet”可知，作者认为更绿色环保的方法是穿衣橱里已经有的衣服，故D项正确。8What is the passage mainly about?AClothing rental is a new fashion.BClothing rental is retailers' preference.CRenting clothes is not that eco­friendly.DRenting­clothes business is in a dilemma.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文第一段引入话题；第二段提出论点服装租赁业其实并非像它看起来的那样绿色环保；接着第三至第六段给出了论据来支持这一论点；最后一段作者进行总结并给出建议。由此可知，C项符合文意。.完形填空(2020·山东淄博三模)As our Earth's temperature warms up because of climate change，it is having unexpected effects on our world's forests.When temperatures rise，trees close their skins to 1 the loss of water，and this，in turn，slows down the 2 of photosynthesis(光合作用)As a result，these trees are shorter and grow slowly，as well as have a 3 death rate.Climate change also increases the 4 of droughts and wildfires.After wildfires，it takes a while for the forest systems to 5 ，and in some cases，the forests are 6 permanently.Trees that are stressed are also 7 to attacks by bacteria.In tropical forests，vines that use the trees as 8 can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients.Finally，humans have 9 the forest landscape through logging.When trees are replanted on the soil，they will never grow as large as the 10 trees that were cut down.As these forests disappear，species that once called them “home” are forced to change， 11 the variety of those systems. 12 ，some endangered species are unable to 13 and die.Old­growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world.When forests die，younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and smaller 14 poor vegetation.With trees dying increasingly and continuously，will future generations 15 out on the wonders of forests?【语篇解读】本文主要说明了地球温度上升对森林产生了意想不到的影响，包括干旱和野火增加，森林消失，甚至以森林为“家”的物种面临死亡。1A.protect BpreventCsave DfreeB根据常识可知，温度升高水分更易蒸发，故可推知树木将皮肤闭合是为了防止水分的流失，prevent意为“阻止”，故选B项。protect意为“保护”；save意为“拯救；节约”；free意为“释放”。2A.movement BsituationCprocess DoperationC结合后文these trees are shorter and grow slowly和常识可知，树木闭合皮肤来防止水分流失，也会减缓光合作用的进程，process意为“进程”，故选C项。movement意为“活动”；situation意为“情况”；operation意为“操作”。3A.higher BfirmerClighter DsmallerA根据上文these trees are shorter and grow slowly可推知，地球气温升高也会导致树木死亡率更高，higher意为“更高的”，故选A项。firmer意为“更坚固的”；lighter意为“更明亮的”；smaller意为“更小的”。4A.choice BmeasureCqualification DchanceD根据下文After wildfires.可知，全球气温升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性，chance意为“可能性；机会”，故选D项。choice意为“选择”；measure意为“措施；办法”；qualification意为“资格”。5A.grow BremainCrecover DdeclineC根据上文After wildfires，it takes a while for the forest systems to且结合常识可知，遭遇野火之后森林系统需要时间才能恢复，recover意为“恢复常态”，故选C项。grow意为“生长”；remain意为“停留”；decline意为“减少”。6A.ignored BlostChurt DleftB根据上文遭遇野火后森林需要时间来恢复，以及前后关键词in some cases，permanently可知，某些情况下，森林永远恢复不了了，lose意为“失去”，故选B项。ignore意为“忽视”；hurt意为“受伤”；leave意为“离开”。7A.accessible BenjoyableCacceptable DfavorableA根据设空处前的also可知，此处继续讲述树木面临的问题：容易受到细菌的攻击。accessible意为“易接近的”，固定搭配be accessible to意为“容易进入的，容易接近的”，故选A项。enjoyable意为“令人快乐的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”；favorable意为“有利的；赞同的”。8A.attention BcommandCtrust DsupportD根据上文vines that use the trees as可知，藤本植物是利用树木的养分，以树木为支撑的，support意为“支撑；支持”，故选D项。attention意为“注意”；command意为“命令”；trust意为“信任”。9A.frightened BpaidCruinedDwastedC根据设空处后的the forest landscape through logging可知，人类伐木应是毁坏了森林景观，ruin意为“毁坏”，故选C项。frighten意为“使害怕”；pay意为“付款”；waste意为“浪费”。10A.common BoriginalCdistant DstrongB根据上文replanted和设空处前的never grow as large as the.可知，人们新种植的树木，不会长得像原来被砍伐的树那么大了，original意为“原来的；原先的”，故选B项。common意为“普通的；公共的”；distant意为“遥远的”；strong意为“强壮的”。11A.affecting BimprovingCforgetting DreflectingA根据上文As these forests disappear，species that once called them “home” are forced to change可知，森林的消失，毁坏了某些物种的栖息地，影响了这些系统的多样性，affect意为“影响”，故选A项。improve意为“改善”；forget意为“忘记”；reflect意为“反射；反映”。12A.Otherwise BBesidesCSurprisingly DUnfortunatelyD根据设空处后的some endangered species are unable to _ and die可知，某些濒危物种有可能死亡，这是一件很不幸的事情，unfortunately意为“不幸地”，故选D项。otherwise意为“否则”；besides意为“除此之外”；surprisingly意为“惊人地”。13A.adopt BkeepCadapt DleadC根据上文are forced to change以及后文and die可推知，一些濒危物种无法适应这一变化，只能死去，adapt意为“适应”，故选C项。adopt意为“收养”；keep意为“继续”；lead意为“带领”。14A.due to Bin addition toCinstead of Din spite ofA前文讲到年轻森林变得更弱、更小，设空处后文poor vegetation意为“植被不良”，可推知两者之间为因果关系，due to意为“因为”，故选A项。in addition to意为“除之外”；instead of意为“而不是”；in spite of意为“尽管”。15A.pass BmissCbreakDbringB根据上文trees dying increasingly and continuously可推知，未来可能无法看到森林的奇观了，miss意为“错过”，固定搭配miss out意为“错失机会”，故选B项。pass意为“通过”；break意为“使破裂”；bring意为“拿来”。