七年级英语下册Unit8TheSeasonsandtheWeather词汇精讲精练新版仁爱版20180724437.doc

Unit 8 The Seasons and the Weather词汇精讲精练【词汇精讲】1. wear / put onwear是及物动词，可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调状态。例如：Im going to wear a pair of sunglasses tomorrow.明天我打算戴一副太阳镜。She is wearing a hat. 她戴着一顶帽子。【拓展】（1）put on表示穿衣服的动作，其反义词是take off。例如：He quickly put on his shoes and ran out. 他迅速穿上鞋，跑了出去。（2）have on 和in 都指穿的状态，但have on不用于进行时态；in是介词，可以和表示服装或颜色的名词一起构成介词短语作定语，也可以和be动词连用构成系表结构。例如：He has a red T-shirt on. = He is in a red T-shirt. 他穿一件红色的T恤衫。The girl in pink is my little sister. 穿粉色衣服的那个女孩是我的小妹妹。2. had betterhad better(常简略为d better)是一固定词组，had better意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点：（1）had better后面必须跟动词原形，构成had better do sth.句型，意为“最好做某事”。【注意】这里的had不能用have来替换。例如： Youd better go to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院看病。 Tom, youd better go there today.汤姆，你最好今天去那里。 （2）主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better的形式。例如： Now you (he; we) had better listen to the teacher.你(他，我们)现在最好听老师讲。（3）had better的否定形式为had better not，构成had better not do sth.句型，意为“最好不要做某事”。例如：You had better not do that stupid thing. 你最好不要做那样愚蠢的事。3. come out（1）come out是动词词组，意为“出版”。例如：When will his new novel come out? 他新创作的小说什么时候出版?（2）come out意为“出现”。例如：The moon came out from behind the clouds. 月亮从云后露出脸来。（3）come out意为“长出，开花”。例如： The flowers come out. 花开了。4. busy（1）busy是形容词，意为“忙的，繁忙的”，在句中既作定语，又可作表语。它的反义词是free。例如：Mr. Li is a busy man. 李老师是一个忙人。 Im very busy today. 今天我特别忙。（2）busy 常用的句式如下：1）be busy with sth.意为“忙于某事”。例如：My mother is busy with her work. 我的妈妈忙于她的工作。 2）be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。 We are busy cleaning the room. 我们正忙于清扫屋子。5. share（1）share用作及物动词，意为“共用；合用；分享”。例如：Its hard to share power. 权力很难分享。（2）share sth. with sb.意为“与某人分享某物”。例如：Tony shared his chocolate with other kids.托尼把他的巧克力与其他孩子分着吃了。She shares a house with two other students.她与另外两个同学合住一所房子。6. decidedecide是动词，意为“决定，选定”。其名词形式为decision。主要用法有：（1）decide sth. 意为“决定某事”。例如： I cant decide anything at the moment. 现在我不能做出任何决定。 （2）decide to do sth. 意为“决定做某事”。例如： We decide to go to Paris next month. 我们决定下个月去巴黎。（3）decide on意为“由决定；决定于”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如：I decided on going to Beijing at last. 最后我决定去北京了。My mother decided on the red dress. 我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。7. arrivearrive意为“到达”，是不及物动词，如果后面接地点副词，如：home, there, here等词，不需要再加介词。后接地点名词时，应加介词in或at。大地方用in，如country, city等；小地方用at，如school, hotel, stop等。例如：They arrived in Beijing yesterday. 他们昨天到达北京。When you arrive home, please give me a call. 到家的时候请给我打个电话。【拓展】arrive；get to；reach的辨析：（1）get to 意为“到达”。其后接表示地点的副词（如here; there; home等）时，介词to要省略。例如：Theyll get to Beijing at six tonight.他们将在今晚六点到达北京。Ill get there on time. 我会按时到达那里。（2）reach是及物动词，可以直接接宾语。例如： Ill call you as soon as I reach New York. 我一到达纽约就给你打电话。8. luck / luckyluck是不可数名词，意为“运气, 好运, 幸运”。Good luck to sb. 表示“祝某人好运”，bad luck意为“倒霉”。例如：She had no luck finding a job. 她很不幸，找不到工作。I wish you luck. = Good luck to you! 祝你好运!【拓展】（1）lucky是形容词，意为“幸运的，吉祥的，侥幸的”。例如： He is a lucky dog. 他是个幸运的家伙。（2）luckily是副词，意为“幸运地，幸亏，侥幸”。 Luckily there was a doctor on the spot. 幸运的是现场有一位医生。 9. full（1）full 作为形容词，意为“充满的，全部的”。例如：   Please tell me the full story.     请将全部情况告诉我。   The train was traveling at full speed.    火车正全速前进。   （2）be full of  意为“充满的”。例如：The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。【拓展】fill表示“装满，填满”，可用作及物和不及物动词，通常与介词 with 连用。例如：Everything is filled with new life.    万物充满了生气。He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。10. special/especial special是形容词，意为“特别的”，用在名词前或不定代词后作定语。例如：That is a special day. 那是一个特别的日子。Is there anything special in the newspaper？ 报纸上有什么特殊的消息吗？【拓展】辨析special和especial（1）special 作形容词，意为“特殊的，特别的，专门的(反义词：ordinary)”，强调事物特有的性质、性格或专门的目的、用途。例如：You must have special permission to enter this room你必须得到特许才能进这个房间。（2）especial 作形容词，意为“特别的，主要的，突出的(反义词：common)”，强调的是重要性，有“尤其、特别”之意。例如： He solved the problem of especial importance他解决了非常重要的问题。 11. knock（1）knock 作动词，意为“敲，击打”。其后通常跟介词on或at，然后接宾语。例如： Someone is knocking at/ on the door. 有人敲门。 She knocked at / on the window. 她敲了敲窗户。 （2）knock 作名词，意为“敲，击打，敲击声”。例如：He opened the door in response to a knock. 他应敲门声而开了门。12. treat（1）“treat”作名词，意为“招待，款待，请客”。“give sb. a treat”意为“招待某人”；“give sb. sth. as a treat”意为“用某物招待某人”。例如：If he comes, I will give him a treat. 如果他来，我会招待他。 What do you want to give him as a treat? 你想用什么招待他？ （2）treat 作动词，意为“治疗，医治”，常用于“treat sb. for sth.”结构；还表示“以态度/方式对待”，常用于“treatas/like sth.”结构；表示“款待某人”一般用treat sb.，后面可以接to sth.。例如：She was treated for sunstroke. 她因为中暑而接受治疗。The local people treat him as a hero. 当地人把他当作英雄来对待。 She treated him to lunch. 她请他吃午餐。Dont worry about the cost, Ill treat you. 别担心费用，我请你。【词汇精练】I. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. Look at the sky. Its c_. I think its going to rain.2. Winter is coming, so we all wear w_ clothes.3.Did you listen to the weather r_?Yes. It will rain tomorrow.4. The sun shines brightly and the t_ is 25.5. Look! Two cats are c_ the apple tree.6. On Lantern Festival in China, people often eat sweet d_ for good luck.7. When I was young, I b _ the Christmas presents must be from Santa Claus.8. We spent this Christmas in Beijing, c_ of China. It was wonderful!9. In Spain, people eat g _ for good luck in the New Year.10. Tomorrow is May 1st. Its I _ Labor Day or May Day.II.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Dont go out of the classroom. Its _ (rain) heavily.2. In autumn, there are many yellow _ (leaf) on the ground.3. Its (wind) today. Youd better not go out for a walk.4. Last Sunday, we went swimming in the sea. We really enjoyed (our).5. Yesterday she (wear) sunglasses to go to school.6. Will you go to _(Tom) birthday party？7. I could swim when I _(be) six.8. The books are boring. I dont like _ (they). 9. On the first day of Spring Festival, Children can get _ (luck) money as new year gifts.10. Last night, we knocked on our neighbors doors and _(shout), “Trick or treat!”III. 综合填空。请从方框中选出恰当的单词补全短文，使其意思完整、通顺(有的需要变换形式)。write, fine, ask, forget, fast, catch, model, live, swim, happy I have a good friend. He 1_ in the country. He can 2_ in the river, 3_ birds and make 4_ ships. He can run very 5_. When we get together (相聚), he often 6_ me to teach him to read and 7_ . We often watch stars at night when it is 8_. I am 9_ about that. Ill never 10_ the time we are together. 【参考答案】I. 根据汉语提示完成下列句子。1. cloudy 2.warm 3.report 4.temperature 5. climbing 6. dumplings 7.believed 8.capital 9.grapes 10.InternationalII.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. raining 2.leaves 3.windy 4.ourselves 5.wore 6. Toms 7. was 8. them 9.lucky 10.shouted III.综合填空。请从方框中选出恰当的单词补全短文，使其意思完整、通顺(有的需要变换形式)。1. lives 2. swim 3. catch 4. model 5. fast6. asks 7. write 8. fine 9. happy 10. forget9