专题04 名词性从句讲义 高考英语语法.docx

专题03名词性从句讲义 高中英语语法1、 定义名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。2、 连接词 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which 连接副词： when, where, why, how 从属连词：if, whether, that. 注意：1. 连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。2. 连接词whether 和if（是否），在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用,如果表达是否，尽量选择whether。3. 根据句子意思，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。3、 各从句的详解（1） 主语从句1、 主语从句在复合句作主语。What he said is not true. Dont trust him.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.2、 that引导主语从句时，不能省略。That he won the match made us excited.3、 主语从句过长时，可以用it来做形式主语，主语从句放后面。It is reported that the weather will be sunny next week.It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.（2） 宾语从句在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。一般位于及物动词或者介词之后。He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.（3） 表语从句1. 表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g. The question was who could solve the problem in our company.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。My thought is (that) we can employ more workers in the busy period. （4） 同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，解释说明该名词的具体内容。The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.注意：定语从句和同位语从句的区分：1 词类上的不同同位语从句的解释说明的名词一般为抽象名词，而定语从句的先行词名词、代词以及句子均可。While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.(同位语从句)Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?（定语从句）2 连接词的不同定语从句中的连接词无意义，要充当成分，同位语的连接词除that以外，均有意义The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all.As is known to all, the earth turns around the sun3 从句的功能不同 定语从句的功能是修饰限定，同位语的功能为解释说明The news that our team had won the game was true. The news that he told me yesterday was true. 4、 课堂练习（1） 用名词性从句的连词填空1. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.2. News came from the school office _Wang Li had been admitted to Beijing University.3. Have you determined_you should buy, an Apple or Samsung cell phone? What the doctors really doubt is_my mother will recover from the serious illness soon. 4. She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't5. I asked him _ his father had done so that he became such a good person.6. Success partially depends on _ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.7. There were so many bright yellow Beta 400s cars in the car-park that he did not know was his car. 8. The more serious effect is they risk being unable to breast-feed.（2） 句子翻译1. 令人伤心的是，他甚至没有和我道别。2. 问题在于你不会换位思考。3. 摆在面前的是需要解决食宿的问题。4. 今天发生的事情让我意识到宽恕是一种美德。5、 课后练习（一）用名词性从句的连词填空1. What students do at college seems to matter much more than _ they go.2. The more serious effect is they risk being unable to breast-feed.3. As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.4. From space,the earth looks blue.This is about 71% of its surface is covered by water.5. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _she was heading.6.Make sure _ there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.7. Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.8. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth.9. The games my parents taught me _ I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.（二）语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Up to now, nobody 56 (be) able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin. He made people laugh at a time 57 they felt depressed, so they could feel more content 58 their lives. Charlie's parents were both poor music hall performers. You may find it 59 (astonish) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 60 (fortunate) his father died, leaving the family even 61 (badly) off. Charlie could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks. No one was ever 62 (bore) watching him for his subtle acting made everything 63 (entertain). As time went by, Charlie grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout 64 world. Later, Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he 65 (star) in. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films.