高考英语一轮复习专题教案 阅读理解猜词题.doc

阅读理解复习课词义猜测题教案课题：Reading comprehension-Words guessing科目： 英语年级： 高三课时： 1 课时 教师： 单位： 一、教学内容分析猜测词义的能力是语言运用能力中非常重要的一部分，高中英语新课程标准对合格高中毕业生阅读外语速度的要求是每分钟7080个词，在阅读时遇到生词可利用上下文结构和句子逻辑，结合中学生应有的常识来推测尚不熟悉的词和词组的意思猜测词义。每年的高考阅读理解中有1-2个猜词题，此类型题目不容忽视。本堂课以猜词技巧为教学目标，训练学生猜词能力，从而提高英语阅读能力。二、教学目标1通过“自主探究, 合作讨论”的学习方式，指导学生回顾和总结猜词的技巧与策略。2学会猜词三种技巧，即“利用经验常识猜词”，“利用语境上下文提供的线索和句子逻辑关系进行猜词”，“利用构词法知识猜词”，提高学生利用语境猜词的意识和能力，从而提高阅读水平。三、学生特征分析高三学生已掌握了一定的英语阅读技巧并有一定的语篇分析能力，积累了一定的词汇量和构词法知识，有较丰富的学习经验和生活常识，但生词依然是学生英语阅读过程中遇到的最大绊脚石，它直接关系到学生的阅读兴趣能否持续。四、教学策略选择与设计1采用导入，呈现，练习，总结的步骤，让学生掌握所教知识，提升阅读能力。2通过“自主探究, 合作讨论”的学习方式，培养学生自主学习能力。 五、教学重点及难点1. Search for the clues and hints in the context that reveal the techniques of word-guessing. 2. Sum up the ways and the techniques to guess new words.六、教学过程Step1. Greeting and lead-in(5mins)1.Let students look at the examples and guess the meanings of the words.(设计意图：看图猜词，提升兴趣，调动气氛。)2. Talk about the propositional characteristics of reading comprehension.（设计意图：了解高考阅读考题类型，引入本节课主题。）Step2. Presentation I(3mins) 1. Learn about the question types .2. Learn about the common ways of asking questions in word-guessing。（设计意图：了解猜词题考试题型和近几年高考形势。）（1）常见的猜测词义题设问方式1.The underlined word/phrase /sentence “” in paragraph means/refers to/ implies 2. Which of the following best explains/replace/is the closest in meaning to “.” underlined in paragraph 3. What is “” in the last paragraph?4. By saying, the author means to say that（2）猜词题目类型对考纲内熟词新义的猜测；对考纲外生词的猜测；对短语、句子的猜测；对代词的猜测。Step3. Presentation II(20mins) Teacher present the strategies of words guessing and students practice .（设计意图：在练习中呈现猜词技巧，让知识点更具体易懂。）（一）. Strategy I: Common sense 常识(1).Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects. “beak” here means _.(2) Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. “wither” refers to _.（二）. Strategy II: 1根据上下文/语境作出判断(1) 根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。Barometers are used to measure the pressure of the air in order to help judge probable changes in the weather or to help calculate the height above sea level. “Barometers” means _ A 气压表 B 指南针 C 温度计 D 计算器(2)利用事例或解释猜生词 。例如： The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye “glaucoma”means (2) 利用重复解释的信息猜生词.Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually, neither early nor late“punctually”means _(3) 根据定义、同位关系、定语从句进行判断。某些生词后面就是一个同位语，对其进行解释。或是一个定语，对其进行修饰限定。有时用破折号括号冒号引号等符号引出，有时还用that is, that is to say, in other words, or等词语引出a)，and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language b） The "Chunnel"，which is a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France，is now completeTest :(1) Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons. “Archaeology” means _A 心理学 B建筑学 C考古学 D文学(2).The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.“Herdsman” means _(3).On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.“Poultry” means _2. 利用逻辑关系进行判断因果关系(1) Mary didn't notice me when I came into the classroom, because she was completely engrossed in his reading. 来源:学科网A concentrated B careless C foolish D hopeful(2) All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, as she was using the wrong key.A happy B successful C serious D vain常见的表示因果关系的信号词有:since, because, for, so, thus, consequently, therefore, due to, result in, as a result, for this reason, accordingly来源:学。科。网来源:学科网ZXXK转折关系(1) Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother，however，is quite humble and modest. A 谦虚的 B 乐观开朗的 C 傲慢的 D 易怒的(2) Mrs. Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type. A. 多情的 B. 沉默的 C. 多嘴多舌的 D. 可爱的常见的表示转折关系的信号词有:but, yet, however, while, whereas(但是, 而), otherwise, in spite of, despite, even though, although, though, unlike, instead(of), rather than, on the other hand, still, by/in contrast, on the contrary, (三) . Strategy III：Word-formation 构词法(1) .Its true that lighthouse were built in out-of-the-way place.(合成形容词)(2).When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life? （词性变化）(3) .When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him.（词的派生）Group work Let students match the meaning and prefix/suffix , give 1-2 examples.(设计意图：小组讨论把前后缀连线，并写出1-2个相应的单词，复习构词法，调动课堂气氛，锻炼学生自主学习能力。)e.g inter-在之间 Internet Step4. Practice真题演练(10mins)Give the students 5mins to finish the questions and let them show it on the blackboard and underline the key words or sentences. (设计意图：让学生熟悉真题，巩固所学内容，提升自信。)1. (2018全国卷2）The Exotic series-with Sichuan pepper , red bean , cheese and other flavors-also does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate snobs, who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than other, the Connoisseurs Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela , and Ghana, among others.25The words “chocolate snobs” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who_? A. are particular about chocolate B. know little about cocoa beansC. Look down upon others D. Like to try new flavors2. (2020全国卷2）As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Pleasure from working in the library. B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.C. Wonderment from acting out the stories. D. A closer bond developed with the readers.3. (2021新高考1卷）When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).29.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.Step5. Conclusion(2mins)Let student conclude de strategies of words guessing and present on the blackboard.（设计意图：总结本节课所学知识，复习巩固）How to guess the meaning of words?Homework Let students do the exercise after class.(课后提高巩固)1. The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads. “ a roof over their heads” most probably means _.A. a cap B. a car C. a home D. a covering2. A good boss can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones. The underlined word “adept” means _.A. encouraged B. compared C. curious D. skillful3. Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future. The word “jeopardize” means _ in this text. A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stop4.(2017全国卷1)Despite the celebrations, though, in the US. the jazz audience continues to shrink（缩小） and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It's Jason Moran's job to help change that. . What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?AJazz becoming more accessible. BThe production of jazz growing faster.CJazz being less popular with the young. DThe jazz audience becoming larger.5.（2017全国卷3）Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Tested B. Separated C. Forced out D. Tracked down6. (北京卷) It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.In the last paragraph, “that process” means_.A. analyzing species B. creating a new tool C. collecting data D. describing species7. (2018全国卷2)If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “softserve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a childrens party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?AA dessert BA drink CA container DA machine8.（ 2018全国卷3）Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better. B. Enough is enough.C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.9. (2021全国乙卷）Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查).Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket - 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category. What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark.七板书设计  Words guessing Strategy 1 common senseStrategy2 Language context & Logical ConnectionStrategy3 Word-formation Anti- antiwar Inter- internetCo- co-work-some handsome 八教学反思 本节课复习了阅读理解里的词汇猜测题型，学生们学有所得。高三学生已掌握了一定的英语阅读技巧并有一定的语篇分析能力，积累了一定的词汇量和构词法知识，有较丰富的学习经验和生活常识，但生词依然是学生英语阅读过程中遇到的最大绊脚石，它直接关系到学生的阅读兴趣能否持续。阅读中遇到生词时，许多学生或翻阅词典或求助老师，缺乏利用语境中已知信息进行推测、判断某些生词意义的习惯和意识。因此, 通过这样的一节课来指导和训练学生掌握一定的猜词技巧和策略，对突破高考阅读理解中生词的障碍，顺利理解文章的思想内容，提高阅读速度，提高学生的捕捉文本信息能力和语篇分析能力都有非常重要的指导意义。本节课不足之处为课堂容量大，每个环节给与学生吸收的时间较少，只能通过课后多练习来巩固所学内容。9