商务英语实训口语辅导材料(简单句和句型).doc

图表作文常用词汇句型图表类型：线形图：line graph饼状图：pie chart柱状图：bar chart面积图：area chart流程图或过程图：flow chart程序图：processing diagram曲线图：graph表格：table 横轴：horizontal axis / X-axis纵轴：vertical axis / Y-axis虚线：dotted line实线：solid line常用词汇上升：increase, rise, ascend, surge, go up, climb 下降: decrease, fall, drop, descend, decline, reduce, lessen平稳:stable, steady, remain the same as 波动:fluctuate, fluctuation占:occupy, take up, account for 而:while, however, whereas, on the other hand, actually/in fact 相比:by contrast, on the contrary, compared with 最高点:the highest, the top, the summit, the peak 最低点:bottom, less, rock bottom趋势:tendency, trend, inclination 预见:prediction, predict 达到顶峰: reach the top 由组成：consist of/be made up of /be composed of表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的stable/stably稳定的实用表达1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化 2.the bar chart shows/represents/displays that该柱状图展示了3.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table 如图所示4. according to the chart/figures根据这些表(数字)5. .as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化6. from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is clear/apparent from the chart that从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到7. over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期间，基本不变8. in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995年至1998三年里9. the number sharply went up to数字急剧上升至10. decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年减少，而逐步上升。图表描述是说明文的一种，一般可分三个层次来写：第一按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大意。第二对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、归纳并找出产生变化的原因。第三可说出读图表后的想法和评论，从而得出自己的结论。实例1：(a): Number of TV watchers (b): Number of film goersNumber of People (in thousands)Reference: From the table, we can see that film is giving way to TV in our city. For example, in 1995, there were less than 10 thousand TV watchers, more than 80 thousand film goers, while in 2005, we had about 1 million TV watchers but only about 10 thousand film goers. The number of film goers is decreasing and that of TV watchers is increasing. Televisions are quite common nowadays and so more and more people turn to TV because it is convenient and cheap and watchers have a wide range of programs for them to choose from. At the same time, there are still some people who prefer films because they like the atmosphere in the cinema as well as the entertainment. 实例2： This line graph shows the birth and death rates per thousand population from 1900 to 1980. Before 1920 the birth rate remained level at around 40 per thousand. Then from 1920 it fell until it reached 30 per thousand in 1930. From 1930to 1945 it rose slowly（increased steadily） to 50 per thousand. Since 1945 it had decreased/fallen steadily. It got to 20 per thousand in 1980. The birth control measures were becoming effective and the birth rate was falling/decreasing at the moment and would continue to fall. 实例3：Income sources of Chinese students are quite different from those of American students. In China, students get 90% of their money from their parents while in America, only 50% of students money is provided by parents. In addition, Chinese students earn only 5% of their money from parttime jobs and 5% from fellowship or scholarship while income from these two resources for American students takes up 35% and 15% respectively of their total income.I think there are probably three reasons for their differences. First, because of the influence of different social and family values, Chinese students have formed the habit of asking for money from their parents while American students have developed more sense of being financially independent. Second, most Chinese parents devote too much care to their children and they would rather save up to afford their childrens education rather than encourage them to take part-time jobs. But in America, many parents pay more attention to developing the students ability of self-reliance, so they encourage their children to find part-time job to earn some money by themselves. Third, since America is more developed than China, it is relatively easy for students to find part time jobs. In China, such opportunities are rather rare.