英语七年级下知识点.doc

外研版七年级英语下册知识点归纳MODULE1一、 词汇。1. listen 听（强调动作） hear 听见（强调结果） I listened carefully but I heard nothing. 我仔细听但什么也没听到2. on a (school) trip3. have a good time = enjoy oneself4. take pictures = take photos5. lie in the sun躺在阳光下 lie on the beach 躺在沙滩上lie躺下【动】She is lying on her back. 她正仰卧着。位于【动】London lies on the River Thames 伦敦位于泰晤士河畔说谎【动】You are lying to him! 你在对他说谎。 eg: Look! The boy _on the bed and reading a book. A. is lying B. lying C. lies D. lie6. send sb. a postcard 寄给某人一张明信片  send sth. to sb. = send sb. sth.7. anyway 无论如何 （转移话题）8. buy some presents 买礼物  buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.9. enjoy sth. 喜欢某物   enjoy oneself = have a good/ great time 玩的开心     enjoy/ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 10. at this moment=now 此时此刻 （现在进行时）11. leave work 下班                   be at work 上班    He is at work. = He is working12. wait for buses 等公共汽车                run for trains 赶乘火车（地铁）13. have afternoon tea 喝下午茶14. watch a ballet 看芭蕾          see friends 看望朋友 get dressed = dress oneself 穿衣；打扮  eg: The boy cant dress himself.15. call home  给家里打电话  call sb. = give sb. a call= phone sb.二、语法。现在进行时（一）1、 基本用法：1) 表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。2) 也可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2、 结构：be (am/is/are) + V-ingeg: I am watching TV now. Theyre playing football.3、 动词-ing 的形式变化规律：规则示例一般情况下，动词后直接加-ingworking, buying, visiting, talking, saying以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e,再加-ingtaking, having, leaving, driving, writing以辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写末尾辅音字母，然后加-ingstopping, shopping, sitting, getting特殊变化lielying4、 现在进行时的否定和疑问形式结构肯定否定疑问I am writing a letter.I am not writing a letter.Am I writing a letter?She/He is listening to musicShe/He is not listening to musicIs she/he listening to music?We are enjoying our trip.We arent enjoying our trip.Are we enjoying our trip?They are talking to each other.They are not(arent) talking to each other.Are they talking to each other?MODULE2一、词汇。1、Spring Festival 春节 Spring Festivals Eve除夕夜 Lantern Festival 元宵节 Dragon Boast Festival 端午节 Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节2、get ready for sth. = be ready for sth.        get ready for doing sth.：为做准备 get ready to do sth.：准备好做某事eg: They are getting ready to visit China. 他们正准备访问中国。3、lots of traditions 许多传统  4、clean the house 打扫房子  = do some cleaning5、sweep away bad luck 扫走坏运    6、decorate with 用装饰    7、have a haircut 剪头发8、at midnight  在半夜  (at noon 在中午) at night in the evening9、 put on：“穿上” 强调动作（宾语是衣服鞋帽等）穿 dress：“穿衣服” 表示动作或状态（宾语是人） wear：“穿着，戴着” 表示状态 （宾语是物） eg: (1)-Can you_ your little brother? I am busy now. -OK. Ill do it right now. A. wear B. put on C. dress D. in (2)-Nancy, dont always _ that old jacket. It looks terrible. -But I think its cool, Mum. A. wear B. dress C. put on D. take off 10. fireworks ：“烟火”（要用复数）11. bring sb. sth. bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来   bring：指从别处把某人/物“带来，拿来”eg: Please bring your textbook to schooltake ：指从这里把某人/物“带走，拿走”eg: Take this empty box away.carry：指“搬运，携带”，不表示固定方向。eg: Let me carry this bag for you.二、语法现在进行时（二） 一般现在时和现在进行时的比较：1) 一般现在时表示现在的状态。 He likes jiaozi. They have a lot of friends.2) 一般现在时表示习惯性的或经常性的行为，现在进行时表示正在进行的行为。He cleans his room every day.He is cleaning his room now.We play football every day after school.We are playing football.They often come to China for a visit.They are visiting China.MODULE3一、 词汇。1. check my email  查收我的邮件    go to a party 去参加聚会revise / review for my test 复习准备考试 （为考试而复习）  do some revision get up early 起早    have a picnic 郊游stay in bed  呆在床上 at a friends home 在朋友家特指某天的上午、下午或者晚上2. on Saturday morning on Saturday evening in the morning泛指上午、下午或者晚上 in the afternoon in the evening3. look forward to doing sth. look forward to sth. eg: We are looking forward to the Spring Festival.    We are looking forward to going to Guilin4. take the plane to=go to sw. by plane乘飞机去= take the plane fromto乘飞机从到5. do some sightseeing 观光，旅游 walk up the Great Wall 爬长城6. make friends 交朋友  stay in a hotel呆在酒店里7. cook 厨师 （名词）    它还可以当动词：     cook sth for sb    =   cook sb sthcooker：厨具8. be(am/is/are) going to +动词原形：用来表达打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事。其主语常常是人。 Im going to do my homework this evening.   Its going to rain tomorrow.     Its going to be rainy tomorrow.   There is going to be rain/ snow/wind（名词）9. because为连词，意为“因为”，常用于回答why引导的特殊疑问句，也可以用来连接状语从句。如：She gets up early because she wants to catch the first bus.注意：在英语中because（因为）和so（所以）不能同时出现在一个句子中。eg：He is at home today, because he is ill. = He is ill, so he is at home today.MODULE4一、 词汇。1.study at home 在家学习 2.by email 通过电子邮件的方式  on the computer   on TV     on the radio3. Im not sure. 我不确信。be sure to do sth.4. The teachers wont write on a blackboard with chalk.      = The teachers wont use chalk to write on a blackboard.do sth. with sth. = use sth to do sth. 用来做某事eg:   We will use the sun to heat our homes.       = We will heat our homes with the sun.   chalk 不可数名词  一支粉笔   a piece of chalk5. flying will be very cheap. flying为动名词，作主语。  家庭供暖将会很便宜。  eg: Heating homes will be cheap. It will be cheap to heat homes.  打篮球是我最喜欢的运动。  Playing basketball is my favourite sport. 6. get warm 变暖7. will 动词原形  eg: They will play football.   will   be 形容词    eg: It will be cool in summer.   There will be名词 eg: There will be rain tomorrow.There will be a big bridge over the river.8. do the dull jobs 做枯燥的工作 long holidays 长假   do heavy work  干重活    three days a week 一周三天  free time空闲时间 be free to do sth9. My dream will have big classrooms.   = There will be big classrooms in my dream school.    will 可以用be going to 代替，但be动词要根据单复数来变化。eg: There are going to be big classrooms in my dream school.     There is going to be a big classroom in my dream school. MODULE5一、 词汇。1. seven million people  七百万人     millions of  Americans成千上万的美国人2. answer some questions for my homework     为我的作业回答一些问题3. Whats the population of ? 某地人口是多少？ 形容人口多用 big 或 large Whats its population?4. Shanghai has 13 million people. = Shanghai is a city with a population of 13million.  = The population of Shanghai is 13 million people.5. be famous for  以而出名 eg: Beijing is famous for the Great Wall.6. in the east/south/west of 在的东、南、西（内部） eg: Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。 in the + 方位名词：“在某范围之内”，强调两者的“包含关系”。 eg: Beijing is in the north of China.on the +方位名词：“两地接壤”，强调两者为“相邻关系”。 eg: Korea is on the north of China.to the +方位名词：“在某范围之外”，强调两者是“相离关系” eg: Japan is to the east of China.7. 问天气：Whats the weather like?  = Hows the weather?8. on the coast 在海岸线上9. with带有，有    eg: Beijing is a city with lots of old buildings.二、语法。 形容词比较级（一）形容词比较级形式的构成构成方法原级比较级单音节和少数双音节单词一般在词尾加-ertall, long, short, old, smalltaller, longer, shorter, older, smaller以字母e结尾的形容词，直接加-rnice, fine, largenicer, finer, larger以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写该字母，再加-erbig, hot, red, thinbigger, hotter, redder, thinner以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的形容词，先把y变成i，再加-erbusy, early, easybusier, earlier, easierMODULE6一、 词汇。1. be good at sth 擅长某事    be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 eg: My brother is good at basketball.  我哥哥擅长篮球。  My brother is good at playing basketball. 我哥哥擅长打蓝球2. popular more popular3. dangerous more dangerous4. 位移动词用现在进行时表示将来时。  She is going to school.  She is leaving for school. 她将去学校。5.  at 9:30 am every Saturday 在每周六上午九点半 6. get here early  早到这儿   arrive there late晚到那儿  sit in front of the blackboard   坐在黑板前  at the back of the classroom 在教室后面7. Its +adj. + to do sth   eg: Its very difficult to learn English. 学习英语很难。8. speak slowly and loudly to sb（宾格）. 对某人讲得又慢又大声  slowly 和loudly为副词，副词修饰动词。9. need to do sth. 需要做某事 eg: We need to clean the classroom every day.want to do sth = would like to do sth.  想要做某事 eg:  We want to play basketball10. Its +adj +for sb to do sh     eg: Its very easy for him to learn math. 对他来说学习数学很简单。11. work hard 努力学习/工作 （这里 hard 就是副词）      speak English well    这里 well 就是副词12. do some sightseeing  游览      go sightseeing   去观光13. take sb. around 带某人参观14. She likes running and she likes cycling, too.  = She likes running and she also likes cycling.    also在实义动词前，be动词和情态动词后。MODULE7一、词汇。1. the longest journey  最长的旅程 2. by  直接加交通工具单数 by bike/ bus/ train3. get to school 到学校  get home/there/here 到家4. live farthest from the school  住得离学校最远  farthest 为副词，是far的最高 级，可省略the， 形容词最高级前面一定要加the5. the ( best ）way to sw. 去的（最好）方式  the best way to do something 做某事的最好方式6. the most dangerous way 最危7. be closest to sw. 离最近      go to work  去上班8. take a train to sw. 乘火车去  the fastest train 最快的火车9. in eight minutes  八分钟后 （将来时）10. the same 相同的         the same school 相同的学校11. .take some time by  乘花时间    take ten minutes by car  乘汽车花十分钟12. more than = over  超过，多于13. one of the busiest international airlines   最繁忙的航线之一14. millions of Americans 上百万美国人15. A taxi from Shanghai to the airport is cheaper than the train for two people.  对两个人来说从上海到机场乘出租车比乘火车便宜。16. I like to travel by bus because its safer than going（动名词） by car.17. from one place to another  从一个地方到另一个地方18. The cheapest way is by bus.  = By bus is the cheapest way.19. travel to school 去上学二、语法。（一）形容词、副词的最高级构成方法原级最高级单音节和少数双音节一般在词尾加-esttall, long, short, old, small, fasttallest, longest, shortest,oldest, smallest, fastest以字母e结尾的形容词/副词，直接加-stnice, fine, large, closenicest, finest,largest, closest以重读闭音节结尾的形容词/副词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写该字母，再加-estbig, hot, red, thinbiggest, hottest, reddest, thinnest以“辅音字母加y”结尾的形容词/副词，先把y变成i，再加-estbusy, early, easybusiest, earliest, easiest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加mostdangerous, expensive, comfortable, careful, beautifulmost dangerous/expensive/comfortable/careful/beautiful（二）不规则形容词的变化。 far farther/ further farthest/furthest good better bestbad worse worstlittle less least注意：最高级没有比较对象，后面不接than结构。如果要表明比较的范围时，一般接“of/ in”eg: Jack is the tallest of the five boys. Tom lives the farthest from the school in our class.MODULE8一、 词汇。1. my/ my parents / sbs past life 某人的过去生活           2. be born 出生 （用过去时）3. the name of - 的名字  4. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好5. be strict with sb. / in sth. 对某人要求严格6. What +be +sb. +like? 某人的性格怎么样？7. visit their old family houses 参观他们的故居8. with 带有 eg: He likes the house with a garden.   a pond with fish in it 里面有鱼的池塘9. the last time I was there 我在那儿的最后一次  (be the first to do)10. one day 有一天 （将来时或过去时）11. I know what he does. 我知道他是干什么的。  动词know后的句子为宾语从句，语序要用陈述语序。 eg: She asked where she was.   The teacher asked who had a pen.二、语法。一般过去时（一）1.动词be（am, is, are）的过去式：原形amisare过去式waswaswere2.动词be构成的一般过去时肯定、否定和疑问句式表格如教材P150MODULE9一、 词汇。1. once upon a time 从前2. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 decide not to do sth.3. go for a walk 去散步           in the forest 在森林里4. pick flowers 摘花   pick up sth. 捡起/拿起某物 pick it/ them up5. be lost = lose ones way 迷路  eg: She is always lost in Beijing.6. look around+sb.（宾）看某人的四周     look around her/me /him7. notice sth. 注意到某物8. hurry to + sw. = go to sw. in a hurry 急忙去某地eg: He hurried to school without having breakfast.9. knock on / at the door 敲门10. open 开着的adj.  closed 关着的adj. eg:The door is closed, but the window is open. open 打开； 经营 He opened the door and its open now.11. enter + sth 进入 They entered/went into the building.12. finish sth.  She finished the food soon.finish doing sth.   She has to finish doing her homework now.13. rush out of + sw. 冲出某地He rushed out of the school and rode a bike to home14. be tired 累  do/ try (tried) to do sth. 尽力做某事    try sth 试某物   try it/ them on15. destroyed sth. 毁坏了某物  walk into the bedroom 走进卧室16. very soon 不久； 很快    17. be asleep（形容词）= be sleeping（动词） asleep：【形】一般作表语，表示“睡着了”，强调状态。 go to bed：【动词短】表“上床睡觉”，但不一定睡着，只强调“去睡觉”这个动作18. in pieces 成了碎片   at first = at the beginning of   19.  point at / to 指着20. Theres the naughty girl. 倒装句，原句为：The naughty girl is there. 有一个淘气的女孩。There is a naughty girl. 21. open ones eyes 睁开眼睛22. be around sb. 在某人周围    The students are around the teacher.23. jump out of bed and hurry out of the house 跳下床匆忙冲出房子24. without sth. 没有某物     He went to school without his bag. without doing sth. 没有做某事   She left without saying a word. without anything= with noting25. . return to sw. = come back to sw. 返回某地    return= give back  eg: They returned to China yesterday.  他们昨天返回中国。26. 讲故事的顺序：First Next Then Finally27. and 前后的时态要一致  He entered the house and sat down.28. answer the door 开门      I knocked on the door but nobody answered the door.29. all around/over the world 全世界30. . again and again 一遍又一遍 change into 变成二、语法。 一般过去时（二）1、 过去时的疑问形式。Did you listen to the news in the morning?Did you watch TV yesterday evening?2、 一般过去时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式及简单回答形式总结：教材P152。.MODULE101. listen to the radio  听收音机2. Teachers Day       Womens Day     Christmas Labour Day Childrens Day        New Years Day    3. 12个月份的拼写：January   February   March   April   May  June   July   August  September  October   November    December4. ride a bike to sw. 骑自行车去某地  go to sw. by bike     walk to sw. 走着去某地 go to sw. on foot5. play computer games 玩电脑游戏6. we had games like chess.  like 像    7. watch movies/ films 看电影8. 英语人称顺序：你(you)， 他/她(he/she)， 我(I)  （I 放在最后）9. visit sb. 看望某人 10. near the sea 在海边   on the beach 在海滩上11. travel by car/ train/ 乘旅行12. play the piano弹钢琴   go away 走开；离开13. decide to be a (an) 决定成为一名 decide to do sth.14. a writer of plays and poems 一位作家和诗人15. some of his (the) most famous plays  一些他的最著名的戏剧17. like watching plays 喜欢看戏剧      like doing sth. / like to do sth. 喜欢做某事18. finish school   完成学业/ 毕业      19. at the age of   在岁20. move to sw. 搬到某地21. join a theatre company  加入一家剧团22. a successful actor 一名成功的演员 (success, successful, successfully, succeed) be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事23. start writing plays开始写剧本  start doing sth  开始做某事 24. on of the most famous writers in the world  世界上最著名的作家之一MODULE11一、 词汇。1. a national hero / national heroes  民族英雄2. the Chinese government 中国政府3. What do you think of ？ How do you like ?你认为怎么样？4. start in Beijing 在北京开始    finish in Zhangjiakou 在张家口完成5. When did he work on it? 他什么时候从事这件事的？6. Why didnt sb.