高中被动语态精选文档.ppt

高中被动语态本讲稿第一页，共十八页How much do you know about the things below?The first telephone was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell(Antonio).本讲稿第二页，共十八页Aeroplane was invented by Brother Wright in 1903.本讲稿第三页，共十八页The World Cup will be held in Qatar in 2022.本讲稿第四页，共十八页The tallest building in Guizhou is being built recently by some workers.本讲稿第五页，共十八页Paper is usually made from wood.本讲稿第六页，共十八页 被动语态被动语态Passive Voice本讲稿第七页，共十八页我们我们在学校花园里在学校花园里种种了了20棵棵树树。20棵棵树树被被我们我们种种在学校花园里了。在学校花园里了。planted twenty in our school garden.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语treesWeTwenty trees were planted by us in our school garden.主语主语宾语宾语宾变主，把宾变主，把be补；动词跟，变过分；时与数，都随主。补；动词跟，变过分；时与数，都随主。本讲稿第八页，共十八页被动语态的结构被动语态的结构主语+be（助）+过去分词+其他被动语态的用法被动语态的用法 不知道或没有必要说出动作的执行者时；不知道或没有必要说出动作的执行者时；The mass murderer was put into prison.动词短语变被动语态时，不能省掉介词或副词；动词短语变被动语态时，不能省掉介词或副词；a)不及物动词不及物动词+介词介词+宾语宾语You will look after the baby,The baby will be looked after by you.b)及物动词及物动词+副词副词He hands in his homework on time every day.His homework is handed in on time every day.本讲稿第九页，共十八页被动语态的用法被动语态的用法 含有含有that宾语从句的句子变成被动句，常把间接宾语作为宾语从句的句子变成被动句，常把间接宾语作为主语，主语，that从句不变。从句不变。She told me that she won the game last night.I was told that she won the game last night.主动形式表被动形式的情况；主动形式表被动形式的情况；a)系动词系动词smell sound taste prove feelThat music sounds wonderful.The perfume smells fragrant.b)结构：结构：cant/wont+move/look/shut/open 不能动不能动/看看/关关/开等。开等。The door wont lock.c)与与well,easily连用的不及物动词连用的不及物动词draw,read,write,wash,belong to,burn,sell,suit等。等。本讲稿第十页，共十八页His book does not sell well.d)结构：结构：want/need/require+doing =want/need/require+to be doneThe flowers want/need/require watering.=The flowers want/need/require to be watered.e)结构：结构：be worth doing sth.值得做某事值得做某事This film is really worth watching.f)有些形容词后的不定式，用主动表被动。有些形容词后的不定式，用主动表被动。1)n.+be+too+adj.+to do The plane is too high to see.2)n.+be+adj.+enough+to do The book is cheap enough for me to buy.3)n.+be+adj.+to do The question is not easy to answer.本讲稿第十一页，共十八页在英语中，有些结构用在英语中，有些结构用get代替代替be与过去分词连用构成被与过去分词连用构成被动语态，即动语态，即get+过分过分=be+过分；过分；After dark,I wont go out.I am afraid that I might get/be robbed.被动语态和系表结构的区分；a)被动语态的过分表示的是动作，句尾可以用by；系表结构的过分表示的是状态，是个形容词，句尾不可用by.He is bored by the film.He is bored now.b)时态上，被动语态可以用各种时态；系表结构只能用于一般时和过去时。本讲稿第十二页，共十八页1)am/is/are+done(过去分词过去分词)一般现在时一般现在时2)has/havebeendone现在完成时现在完成时3)am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时现在进行时4)was/weredone一般过去时一般过去时5)hadbeendone过去完成时过去完成时Visitorsareaskednottotouchtheexhibits.(展品）展品）AllthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompletedAnewcinemaisbeingbuilthereIwasgiventenminutestodecide.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymhadbeencompletedinBeijing.本讲稿第十三页，共十八页6)was/werebeingdone过去进行时过去进行时7)shall/willbedone一般将来时一般将来时8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时过去将来时AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldiersmotherassoonasitarrived.本讲稿第十四页，共十八页 c)被动语态的过分可以被much修饰；系表结构的过分可以被very修饰。被动语态只有被动意义，系表结构只有主动意义。系表结构的过分常表示心理、感情。He was very excited.He was much excited by the news.本讲稿第十五页，共十八页 不能变成被动语态的情况a)宾语是反身代词时；I cut myself with a knife.b)宾语是同源宾语；He dreamt a beautiful dream.c)宾语是不定式或者动名词；I enjoy watching football games.d)短语：make it!成功！Hes never made it as a lawyer.e)无被动的情况：take place,break out,lose heart,belong to,consist of 等。本讲稿第十六页，共十八页非谓语单词的被动语态a)不定式的被动语态；I am happy to be invited to your birthday party.b)分词的被动语态；I object to being kept working.本讲稿第十七页，共十八页 一些表示一些表示“据据说”或或“相信相信”的的动词如如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型等可以用于句型“It be 过去分去分词that从句从句”或或“主主语be过去分去分词to do sth.”。有：。有：It is said that 据据说,It is reported that据据报道，道，It is believed that大家相信大家相信It is hoped that大家希望，大家希望，It is well known that众所周知，众所周知，It is thought that大家大家认为，It is suggested that据建据建议。本讲稿第十八页，共十八页