Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations 单元语法讲义--高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册.docx

Unitl Festivals and celebrations动词-ing形式的用法阅读以下句子，注意句中的画线局部1 .These lanterns are amazing.2 .During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.3 .Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,in spite of its religious origins.课文中以上四个句中均含有一个动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语，它们在句中充当不同的成 分。在句(1)中充当 表语 成分;在句(2)和句(3)中充当 定语 成分；一、动词-ing形式做表语1 .动词-ing形式做表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。The result of the game was disappointing.比赛结果令人失望。His life story sounds very moving.他的人生故事听起来很感人。做表语的动词-ing形式，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的:moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishi ng等，这类分词有“令人的”的含义，常修饰物。2 .动词-ing形式做表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。可以转换到句 首做主语。My hobby is collecting stamps.一Collecting stamps is my hobby.我的爱好就是集邮。3 .动词-ing形式做表语考前须知：不定式和动词-ing形式都可以做表语，都是用于回答主语“是什么”的，但二者仍有一些区别。 不定式做表语强调的是具体的、将要发生的、一次性的动作;动词-in.形式做表语强调的是 抽象的、经常发生的、一般性的动作。His job is to paint the walls.他的工作是要去粉刷这些墙。His job is painting walls.他的工作是粉刷墙。(2)动词-ing形式和过去分词都可以做表语，都是用于回答主语“怎么样”的。但动词-ing形式说 明主语的特征，过去分词说明主语的状态。This dog is frightening.这条狗令人害怕。(说明狗的特征)This dog is frightened.这条狗害怕。(说明狗的状态)二、动词Jug形式做定语1 .单个的动词-ing形式可以做前置定语，一般具有两种含义。表示被修饰词的某种性能或用途，相当于for引导的介词短语。a reading room=a room (which is used) for reading 阅览室running shoes=shoes for running 跑鞋(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动 作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developing countries二countries that are developing 开展中国家a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题2,做定语的动词-ing形式如果是一个短语，那么应放在被修饰词的后面做后置定语，相当于一个 定语从句。They lived in a house facing south (=which is facing south).他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basketball(=who is playing basketball)?你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？一、语法填空It is a common belief(believe) that computer games affect children's study.1. Thanksgiving Day is a happy festival because the food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural(agriculture) work is over.2. It's important that parents know of any situation that can be of great significance(significant) to their children's behaviour and school performance.3. The club offers its congratulations(congratulate) to Brown on his appointment as president.4. I compared the copy with the original(origin) painting, but there was not much difference.5. All the “monsters“ are said to have a big party on Halloween.To celebrate the festival, kids will dress up in scary clothes.6. In today's competitive economy where everyone is trying to do more with less, you've got to figure out a way to profit from the very beginning.7. My experience this summer made me reflect on/upon how much we used Wi-Fi.It's possible not to be so dependent on it.9.1t's typical of him to set his aim high but do little, so he is always leaving thingsundone.10. It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to reach an agreement.The Agricultural Feast _falls_(fall) after the Independence Day.lt is not a worldwide celebration.Only Christians in Mexico look forward to its arrival for its _religious_ (religion) origin.Long ago, man's ancestors were bad.They fooled and played tricks on each other and never kept their word.So annoyed was God _that_ he turned up and drowned all their crops.Consequently, many people starved to _death(die).In order to gain God's forgiveness, a woman poet set off_to see(see) God, and made apologies, which moved God.With his permission, human beings finally had good harvests again.Thus to wipe sadness and remind _themselves_ (they) of the belief in God, people began to celebrate the festival.On the day of the festival, people gather in the open air, such as in playgrounds or parking lots, and have fun with each other energetically all night long, as though they were never tired.When a beauty _dressed_ (dress) in lovely clothing reads poems in memory of_the poet, everyone holds their breath.Then, it is the custom that the bone of a rooster head is given to her_as_ an award.Obviously, the story may not be true, _but/yet_ the festival is interesting.七选五阅读理解The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival with great significance,which is on the 15th of the first lunar month,marking the end of New Year celebrations.Here are several things you should know about the Lantern Festival.The Origins of Chinese lanternsThe origins of Chinese lanterns date back to the Stone Age.The coming of the Bronze Age saw the development of various kinds of lanterns,of which palace lanterns were the most fascinating. 1 Various lantern festivals became a hit during the Sui Dynasty,and during the Southern Song Dynasty,the custom of writing riddles on lantern arose.During the Qing Dynasty,magnificent exhibitions of lanterns were held in the capital city.Eating small dumpling ballsJust as the name implies,an important part of the Lantern Festival,or Yuan Xiao Festival,is to eat small dumpling balls made of sticky rice flour.We call these balls Yuan Xiao,or Tang Yuan.2 The dumpling symbolises family unity,completeness and happiness. 3When it comes to the Lantern Festival/Guessing lantern riddles“ is an essential component.Lantern owners will write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns in advance.If visitors can answer the riddles,they will get a little gift.Watching fireworksAt night,in addition to lighted lanterns,fireworks form a grand scene.Most families save some fireworks from the Spring Festival and set them off during the Lantern Festival. 4 Dragon danceThe dragon dance is often performed during the Chinese New Year period. 5 They are believed to bring good luck to people,therefore the longer the dragon in the dance,the more luck it will bring to the community.A.Guessing lantern riddlesB.Chinese dragons are a symbol of China.C.The ways of celebrating the Lantern FestivalD.Obviously,they get the name from the festival.E.A11 the Chinese people like watching dragon dance.F.Later,decorative lanterns came to be used in festivals.G.Some local governments will even organise a fireworks display.答案：15 FDAGB假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Lucy在媒体上看到中国人五一小长假(the May Day holiday) 的出游盛况，来信询问你的假期经历,请写一封回信，内容包括：1 .全家自驾游；2 .路途见闻；3 .你的感受。注意：L写作词数应为80个左右；4 .开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Lucy,Yours,Li HuaDea】 Lucy,How' s everything going?I' m writing to share with you how I spent my May Day holiday.Since the holiday lasted for 5 days,my family decided to drive to Hangzhou.As you saw in the news,the highway was packed with cars and excited crowds were seen every where .Though wearing a mask,people still enjoyed themselves to the fullest.During our stay,we tasted some local food and visited some famous scenic spots.I felt happy and lucky enough,to have such a good time with my family.Yours,Li Hua