人教版中考英语复习介词（时间介词、方位方位介词） 学案.docx

课题：介词课时：2学生：授课老师：教学目标介词（时间介词、方位/方位介词）重点难点方位介词一、单词meet、match、practice> parent、basketbalR piano> tennis、international university> hospitak manager > family > her> dictionary > library > right > dining halk some> any> many、people> aunt> have> him> make> healthy> fruit、potato> tomato> favourite、unhealthy二、介词1 .时间介词基本用法例子at多用于具体的时刻前，也可用于固定搭配中at 7 o'clockat noonin用于表示一段时间，或用于年、月、世 纪、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚 上等，还可以用于表示“从现在起，多 长时间以后或多久以后”in the 21th century in spring in an houron主要用于日期、星期几、具体某一天的 早上、中午、晚上或节日前on Mid-Autumn Day on June 1stsince指从某时一直延续至今，后接时间点， 句子用完成时He has studied English since 2000.from说明开始的时间，谓语可用过去、现在、 将来的某种事态From now on, I will learn English in the mornings.for指动作延续贯穿整个过程，后接时间段I have studied English for six years.after1）表示在以过去为起点的某一段时间之 后，可用于一般过去时2）与时间点连用可表示在将来某个时间They finished the work after 2 years.I will ring you up after 2 o'clock.之后until1）用于否认句中表示“直到 才”，其前的谓语动词多用书剑动 词；2）用在肯定句中，表示“直到为止”， 其前的谓语动词需用延续性动词I didn't go to bed until my mother came home.I waited for my mother until she came home.by“by+时间点”表示“到为止”，如 果by后加“将来的时间点”应用一般将 来时；如果by后跟一个过去的时间点应 用过去完成时We had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term.during“during+时间段”与延续性动词连用表 示某期间的动作He lives with us during these years.before表示时间，后接时间点，表示“在之前”Please bring your homework before ten o'clock.2 .方位介词基本用法例子at用在较小的地点前at the bus stopin用在较大的地点前in Chinaon表示“在上面”，强调外表接 触Look at the book on the desk.over表示“在正上方”，表示垂直在上There is a bridge over the river.above指“在上面”，属于斜上方Raise your arms above your head.below表示“在下面"。不一定有垂 直在下之意The coat reaches below the knees.under表示“在正下方”There are many bikes under the tree.in front of表示“在前面”（范围外）There are some trees in front of the classroom.in the front of表示“在前部”（范围内）Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom.before所表示的位置关系和in front of 用用，表示“在前面”He sits before/in front of me.behind表示 在 后面，是in the frontof的反义词Don't hide behind the tree.at the back of表不 在后部，是in the frontof的反义短语There is a blackboard at the back of our classroom.by表示“在旁边”，与beside同义We live by the river.beside“在旁边”，强调靠近Who's that boy beside the girl?near“在附近”，距离比by和next to远Is there a hospital near here?next to“紧邻，在旁边”，相当于 close toThe boy next to her is my classmate.between“在之间”，强调两者之间或 众多事物的“两两之间”You must choose onebetween her and me.among“在之间”，表示“在三者或 三者以上之间”He is the tallest among all the children.around表示“在周围”，强调环境Let's show you around the city.into表示有特定的运动方向，常与动词 两用，意味“进入”The rabbit ran into the forest.out of表示“从里面出来”，与into 意思相反The rabbit ran out of the forest.through表示从内部“穿过”The little dog can gothrough the hole in the door.across表示从外表“穿过”Go across the bridge and then turn left.to/toward/to wards表示方向，表示“到（某地）”或“朝，向”My father will go to Beijing next week.The window opens towards the south.along表示“顺着，沿着”Go along this street.3 .方式介词基本用法例子with表示使用的工具或手段，一般接 具体的手段或工具You must do your exam with a pen.by表示一种方式和方法，后面的名 词不加冠词，也无复数形式； by后也可以跟动名词They go to work by bike.The old man made a living by selling newspaper.in表示用材料或语言等You can write in black ink.What's this in English?三、易混易错1 .表示地点的介词in, on和to的区别易混词用法例子in表示在某一地区之内的某方位 （属于该范围）Fujian is in the southeast of China.to表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）Japan is to the east of China.on表示与某地的毗邻关系Hebei is on the north ofHunan.2.for, to towards 的区别易混词用法例子for常用在leave, start后，表示运动的 方向或目的They will leave for Beijing to attend the meeting next month.to接在 go, come, return, move 等词 之后，表示目的地When did you return to Guangzhou after the holiday?towards意为“朝，向”，只说明运动的方 向,没有“到达”的意思She walked slowly towards me.3.expect 和 besides 的区别易混词用法例子except表示“除之外（不再有）”， 指从整体中排除except所带的人 或物，前面常有all, every, any, no 等词All the students go to the zoo except Jim.besides表示“除之外还（包括在 内）”，它的意思是在原来的基础 上加上besides所带的人或物， 其前常有 other, another, any other, a few 等词I have a few good friends besides you.4.of和in用于最高级结构中的区别易混词用法例子of后接数词或可数名词复数Tom is the tallest boy of the four,in后一般接可数名词的单数 形式Tom is the tallest boy in the class.5.with 和 without 的区别易混词用法例子with有“和，附带，带有”之意with the help of play withwithout有“没有”之意without helpwithout breakfast6.of sb,与 for sb.的区别区别例子of sb.It is +adj.+ of sb. to do sth 中,形容 词为clever, kind, nice等描述任务 性格特征的词，of后的人物与形 容词有主表关系。It is very kind of you to help the old man.for sb.It is +adj.+ for sb. to do sth.中，形 容词为important, easy等不描述任 务性格特征的词，for后的人物与 形容词没有主表关系。It is important for us to study hard.7.to的两种用法的区别区别例子是动词不定式符号后面跟动词原形want to do sth.是介词后面跟名词、代词或动名词look forward to pay attention to习题（一）1 . It's warm here all year round. The temperature is never 0 even inwinter.A. above B. on C. under D. below.-Everyone has handed in the test paper Billy.-He hasn't finished it yet.A. besides B. except C. with D. beside3.-What are the two postcards?-They have the same color and places of interest on them.A. in common B. in time C. in all D. in a word. -I don't think university students should have par-time jobs.-I'm you. That will be a good experience for them.A. for B. with C. against D. without.-When did your uncle arrive China?-China.A. at; In B. in; In C. in; OnThe "teacher-free exam“ means that students take their exams teachers.Students must be more honest.A. without B. against C. through D. withA terrible earthquake happened in Nepal a terrible morning.A. on B. in C. atD. fromTom's father works a chief engineer a big company.A. for; as B. as; as C. as; for D. for; inWe live right here. Look! The house on the other side of the street is my uncle's. His house is ours.A. in front of B. next to C. behind D. oppositeOur school sports meeting will be held the coming April.A. on B. in C. at D. toThe Qingming Festival of this year falls April 5th and thousands ofcard pours into highways the early morning of the holiday.A. on; in B. in; on C. on; on D. in; inoften go on the holiday with my parents summer.A. onB. atC. inD. ofThe movie was so funny that all of us kept laughing stopping.A. forB. byC. withD. withoutIf you get on well your classmates, you'll enjoy your school life more.A. to B. at C. with D. in四、介词短语1 .介词与名词的固定搭配in a word/ in time/ on time/ on foot/ in English/ in the middle of/ in trouble/ in fact/ in a hurry/ by the way/ in the end/ in silence/ at the same time/ on one's way to/ by hand/ to one's surprise2 .介词与形容词的固定搭配be good for/ be ready for/ be interested in/ be proud of? be similar to/ be familiar with/ be satisfied with/ be busy with3 .介词与动词的固定搭配worry about/ hear from/ agree with/ catch up with/ come from/ look forward to/ do well in/ fall behind/ take care of/ have nothing to do with/ fill with/ depend on