中考英语二轮复习教案名词的数.docx
课题:名词的数课时:2学生:授课老师:教学目标可数名词重点难点可数名词复数一、默写短语1.名2.姓3. Class One Grade Seven 4.的首都5. English name 6. Chinese name7.很高兴见到你 8.来自9 .我来自上海。10 .我的名字是Jack。11 .我在七年级一班。12 .我也是一名学生。13 .你是一个学生吗? 14 .这是Jim和Tom共有的房子。15 .这是 Jim 和 Tom 分另ll拥有的房子。16 .这是Jack的书。17 .他是一个多么好的学生啊! ( What引导的感叹句)18 .他跑得多快啊! (how 引导的感叹句)19 .Toby来自美国。20 .人称代词物主代词主格(做主语)宾格(作宾语/ 表语)形容词性物主代词(做定语)名词性物主代词(作定语以外成分)memyweouryouyouyoursyouyourhehissheherititsitstheytheirs二、名词名词的定义:是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义,名词可 分为专有名词和普通名词。1 .专有名词专有名词指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来,它包括人名、 国家、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。例如:Monday/TuesdayAVTO/the Spring Festival/the Yellow River/January/America专有名词的首字母通常要大写2 .普通名词普通名词指表示一类人、东西、抽象概念的名词,可以分为可数名词和不可数名 I司O, 表示东西、事物的。如 book、computer> tree> chopsticks(筷子), 表示一类人的。如 boy、girl、womanman> teacher> father.,表示抽象概念,像人的情感、品质、精神的。如happiness strouble>pleasure (愉快、快乐)、industry (勤劳)习题(一)区分以下词语中哪些不属于名词,请圈出来computer, take, coffee, water, run, note book, bring, table, sport, interesting, Monday, age, new, actor, sell, Chinese, mooncake, birthday cake, funny, name, teacher, family, get(1)可数名词:可数名词有单数和复数之分,当表示“一个”时一,用a/an+ 可数名词单数表示;当表示“多个”时,用数词+可数名词复数表示。可数名词复数的规那么变化a.一般情况加词尾-s,如 book-books, desk-desks 等。b.以-s, -x, -sh, -ch 等结尾的名词,通常加词尾-es: bus -buses, box -boxes, dish-dishes, match-matches (比赛), watch-watches 等。习题(二)1. There are many (bus) and(car) on the street.2.1 have two (watch), so I give a (watch) to my sister.3. Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought some (dish)c.以y结尾的名词,其复数构成要分两种情况:以“辅音字母+-y”结尾的名词,将-y改为ies ;如: city-cities, baby-babies以“元音字母+-y”结尾的名词,直接加词尾-s如:toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。d.以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多数变-f或-fe为v加es:如: wife-wives, knife-knives (小 刀),Leaf-leaves (树叶);life-lives(生命);scarf-scarves(围巾)记住以下10个要把f或者fe改成v加es的单词:wife(妻子),life(生命),knife(小刀),leaf(树叶),thief(贼),half(一半),self(自己), shelf(架子),loaf(面包),wolf(狼)°但roofs(屋顶)是例外! !e.以o结尾的单数名词变成复数有两种情况:有生命的 o 结尾的名词,加词尾 es;如:tomato- tomatoes, potato- potatoes, hero(英 雄)-heroes ;无生命的o结尾的名词,加词尾s;如:radioradios (收音机),piano-pianos习题(三):写出以下名词的复数形式baby-2. potato-3. hero-4. book-5. tomato- 6. glass-7. box-8. bus-9.wife-10. Negro-11. leaf-12. radio- “某国人”的复数有三种类型:1. Chinese> Japanese的单复数同型,不需要加“s”;2. Englishmen> Frenchman 复数要把 “man” 变为 “men”;其他各国人以an、ian结尾的均直接加“s",如Americans、Australians、 Indians总结:中日不变英法变习题(四)1. We are (中国人).2. They are (法国人).3. They are (印度人)but they live in America.名词复数的不规那么变化a.有的名词单数变复数时,没有一定的规那么,需特别记忆:man / men; woman / women; child / children; tooth / teeth; foot / feet; goose / geese mouse / mice; ox / oxen一些以man, woman结尾的合成词,在构成复数时与man, woman的变化形 式相同,如:policeman / policemen(警察); Englishman / Englishmen (英国人);Frenchman/ Frenchmen(法 国 人)与man、woman两个词组成的复合词,名词本身和这个词都要变成复数。如:woman doctor/ women doctors; man worker/ men workers; man driver/ men drivers b.复合名词变复数通常是将其主要名词变为复数:passer-by / passers-by (过路 人);looker-on / lookers-on (旁观者);假设没有主要名词,那么通常在最后一个词尾加s:C.英语中,有些名词的单数与复数同形例:people> Chinese> Japanese> fish、deer (鹿)、sheep (绵羊)e.g: There are many fish in the river.We have a fish for lunch.(2)不可数名词:一般指物质名词、抽象名词等,通常没有复数形式,其前不 用冠词a/an或数词,但可用some/any/a lot of等修饰。不可数名词的数A:可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语有:a lot of/lots of/some/much/a little/plenty of/a bit of/ a large amount ofB:数词+容器+of+不可数名词,如:a glass of milk/a cup pf tea常用的不可数名词food, meat, fish, chicken, pork, beef, mutton, drink, milk, tea, coke, water, rice, bread, homework, news, paper, ice, rain, snow, wind, cloud, air, weather, maths, music, information, fun, work 等习题(五)()1. "Cindy, how far id it from your home to school?" "About 20walk.”A. minute B. minutesC. minutes9D. minute's( )2.1 found my black cat in room.A. Jim and MikeB. Jim and Mike'sC. Jim's and Mike's C. Jim's and Mike( )3. Mickey Mouse id one of the most famous in American.A. symbol; cultureB. symbol; culturesC. symbols; culture D. symbols; cultures( )4. It's sports time. Most students n Class 1 are playing football onthe playground.A. boy B. boys C. boy'sD. boys'习题(六):根据所学句子写一篇自我介绍(约3-4句话)