中考英语1600词详解修改题(共81页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上【中考英语1600词汇总详解】Aa (an) art. 一个,某个,任何一个用法:不定冠词的常见用法:1)第一次提到,表示泛指。例如:Millie has _e-dog and its name is Hobo. ( 南京市) A. a B. an C. the D. /题解:因为a用于辅音音素开始的名词前,an用于元音音素开始的名词前,本题中e-dog以元音音素 I :开始,而且是泛指,故选B。It is said that _ apple _day keeps the doctor away .( 福建莆田市)A. an;the B. a; a C. an;a D. a; the题解:根据题意“一天一个苹果医生远离我”可知apple和day都是泛指,且apple以元音音素开始,day以辅音音素开始,故选C。2)含有数量“一”的概念,但是不如one 强烈。ability n. 能力;才干;才能短语:1. a man of ability 有能力的人 2. the ability to do sth 做某事的能力able adj. 有才干的;聪颖的 短语:1. be able to do sth有能力做某事about prep. 对于,关于;大约;在.周围;短语:1. be about to 即将 e.g. We were about to go when it suddenly rained. 我们正要出发,突然天下雨了。2. What/How about?above prep. adj. 在之上;超过;大于,多于; 上面的;短语:1.above all 最重要的e.g. Above all, the work must be finished before nine by ourselves.最重要的是工作必须在九点之前由我们自己独立完成。注意:above的反义词为belowabroad adv. 在外国;广泛地;传播短语1. from abroad 从国外,从海外 His parents has just come back from abroad.他的父母刚刚从海外回来,我们去看望他们吧。2. go abroad 出国accept v.接受;赞同;欢迎;听从近义词辨析:accept 和receiveaccept 是“接受、认可“的意思,是收到并接受;receive 有”收到“的意思,但不一定接受。e.g. I received a lot of gifts on my birthday, but I didnt accept any.生日那天我收到许多礼物,但是我并没有收下任何礼物。accident n. 事故; 偶然短语:1.by accident意外地,偶然地 2.a traffic accident 交通事故according to prep. 根据;依照achieve v. 实现;达到;完成across prep.在对面近义词辨析:across 和throughacross表示“横过,穿过”;着重指从路线或物体表面的一边到另一边(表面)。e.g.across the street;横过马路 。through “穿过,从中间通过”;着重指从空间的一头穿到另一头(内部)。e.g. through the forest. 穿过森林。act n. & v. 行为;举动;假装 ;短语:1.act as担任(起.作用) 词性转换:actor/actress n.男演员/女演员action n. 行动;有能量;行为;e.g.We must take action right now, otherwise well be late 我们现在就得采取行动了,否则就迟到了。active adj. 积极的; 短语:1. take an active part in : 积极参加I dont think everyone should take an active part in the social activities.我认为并不是所有的人都应该积极参与到社会活动中去。activity n. 活动;工作;职业add v. 添加;增加;合计;相当于短语:1. add to; 2.add up 3.add up to 4.addtoaddress n. 地址;住址;演说;讲话advantage n. 优点;利益advertisement (ad) n.公告;启事;广告ad.广告(advertisement的缩写) 此单词常在阅读理解中出现。e.g. Have you read the want ad in the newspaper?你看过报纸上的招聘广告吗?e.g. Put an advertisement in the newspaperadvice n. 建义,劝告;信息1.a piece of advice一条建2.ask for advice 寻求建议 3.give advice提建议4.take/follow ones advice接受、劝告、建议;主要掌握此单词是不可数名词。 例如:Could you please give me _ ? A. any advice B. some advice C. no advice D. some advices 题解:题意为“你能给我一些建议吗?”是想得到肯定回答,故用some 表示“一些”而不用“any ”, 又因为advice 是不可数名词,故选B。advise v.给出主意;建议;通知 短语:1.advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事afraid adj. 惊慌的;恐怕 短语:1.be afraid of 害怕e.g. Dont be afraid of asking for help from others.不要害怕向别人求助。2.m afraid so. /Im afraid not. /Im afraid that.after adv., prep & conj. 在之后;晚于短语: after all 1) 终究,毕竟 e.g. It has turned out to be a nice day after all.天气终于转晴了。afternoon n. 下午;午后短语:1. in the afternoon 2. on Monday afternoon 3. on the afternoon ofagain adv. 再一次;加之,此外;短语:1. again and again 一次又一次地,反复地,再三地e.g. I called him again and again, but he didnt answer the telephone. 我一次又一次地给他打电话,可是他就是不接。2. now and again 有时e.g. He came to see me now and again. 他过去来看望我。against prep. 1)对着,反对;e.g. If no one is against this plan, lets carry it out.如果没有人反对这个计划,那我们就开始吧。2)靠着,依着:e.g. The policeman asked the young man to stand against the wall.警察命令那个年轻人靠着墙站好。age n. 年龄;时期;变老 ;短语: 2. at the age of 在岁时ago adv. 以前;以往;短语:1. long ago 很久以前,从前:e.g. Long long ago there loved horses. 很久以前,有一位国王,他喜爱马。2. some time ago 不久前 e.g. Some time ago,I heard he would come to see me. 不久前,我听说他要来看我。3. a while ago. 刚才 e.g. He was here a while ago.他刚才还在这儿。近义词辨析:ago 和 beforeago: 应注意两点:1.用于一般过去时;2. 它所指的时间是从现在算起。before: 也应该注意两点:1.用于过去完成时;2. 她所指的时间不是从现在算起,而是从过去某一时刻算起。e.g. A short time before, tall trees had covered the country for many miles around. 在那时不久之前,高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里。agree v. 意见一致;赞成;适合;近义词辨析:agree to 和 agree withagree to: 意思 是“同意”,后面接表示计划、安排、意见、条件之类的名词或动词原形,表示愿意协助工作。e.g. Do you agree to this agreement? 你同意这项协议吗? He didnt agree to help us. 他不同意帮助我们。agree with: 意思是“与(意见)一致”后面一般接人,也可接意见、看法等。但不含有协助的意思。e.g. I dont agree with what you said. 我不同意你说的话。I dont agree with your idea. 我不同意你的主意。主要考点为“agree with sb.”I think English is more useful than Chinese.I dont _ you. They are both useful. ( 福建福州市)A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with题解:显然第二句的回答为“我不同意你的看法”,根据agree with sb.的固定结构知道应选D。其余三项均不符合题意。agreement n.同意;一致;协议air n. 大气;天空;态度短语:1. by air 2. in the (open) air,airline 航线;航空公司airplane n. 飞机airport n.机场;航空港短语:1. at the airportalbum n.影集;集邮册;all adj. & pron.全部的,所有的;短语:1.all day 整日 2.all kinds of 各种各样的; 3.all over 遍布4.all right 行,可以 5. all along 一直,始终 6. not at all 7.in all主要考点为all ,both ,neither ,either等的区别。例如:Jack, Sue and I will _go to Sam s birthday party.( 北京市东城区)Aboth B. neither C. all D. either 题解:A,B,C都用于“两者”;C用于三者,三者以上;题中主语为“Jack, Sue, and I”三人,故选C。allow v.准许;允许;给予短语:1. allow sb to do sth 2.allow doingalmost adv. 几乎,差不多;将近alone adj. 独自的;单独的;仅仅;近义词辨析:lonely/alonealone 指“独自一人胡”,强调客观事实,通常只放在动词、系动词之后,作表语,e.g. He was alone in the room. 他独自一人在屋里。lonely 指“孤单的”、“孤独的”,表示主观感觉,在句中作标语或主语。用作定语修饰地方时,along adv. & prep沿着;向前;共同,一起;短语:1. all along 始终,一直:e.g. I knew the truth of the matter all long. 那件事情的真相我始终是清楚的。2get along (well) withaloud adv. 出声地;大声地 短语:read aloudalready adv.早已;早;近义词辨析: already / yetalready: “已经”惊讶于某事比预期发生得早,在问句中表示意外、惊讶的程度更强。yet : “尚(未),已经”(用于否定句、疑问句中,谈论将要发生的事情)also adv. 而且;还although conj.虽然;尽管always adv.永远;总是;经常America / the USA 美国American adj.美洲的;美国人among prep.被所包围;其中近义词辨析:among / between 这两个个词都含有“在中间”的意思。among 用于“三者或三者以上之间”e.g. He built a house among the forest. 他在树林中盖了一间房。between 则用于“两者之间”e.g. What is the difference between the two words?这两个词的区别是什么?and conj.和;及;就:1. and so on 等等e.g. This book tells about food, fruits, dishes and so on.这本书讲了有关食物、水果、菜肴等等有关的东西。angry adj.生气的;愤怒的;疼痛的 短语:1.be angry with/at/aboutanimal n.动物;牲畜another adj. & pron.别的;另一的;主要考点为“another +数字”表示“再一”例如:If you want to book a round trip ticket,you l l have to pay _30.( 安徽)A. more B. other C. the other D. another 题解:题意为“如果你想买往返车票,你就必须再付30美元。”根据“another+数字”的结构应选D。answer n. & v. 回答;解决方案;反应 短语:1.the answer toant n. 蚂蚁; e.g. There are some ants in the tree. 树里有一些蚂蚁。any pron. & adj每一的;任何一个的.anybody pron. 任何人;重要人物anyone pron. 任何人anything pron. 任何事;无论何事anyway adv.不管怎样;无论如何anywhere adv.不管在(到)什么地方appear v.出现;好像apple n.苹果;苹果树April n. 四月Area面积;地区;范围arm n.胳臂;袖子army n.陆军;军队;大量around prep.围绕;环绕;在四周arrive v. 到达;抵达;得出 短语:1.arrive at/inart n.艺术;艺术品article n.商品;物品;文章as adv., conj & prep 作为主句的先行词;同样地;与一样;短语:1. asas(用于比较)与一样;e.g. Tom is as tall as his brother. 汤姆和他弟弟一样高。主要考点为:not as/so as 和as +副词原级+主语+ can/could结构 I was surprised that she could run _I could. (武汉市)Aas faster as B. so fast than C as fast as 题解:题意为“我很惊讶她能和我跑得一样快。”考查as 的固定结构。故选C。2. as a result 结果:e.g. He works hard all day, as a result, he got a good mark in his English exam.3. as if 仿佛,好像:e.g.He talks as if he knew about it. 他说起来好像知道这件事似的。4.as long as 只要,和一样长:e.g.You will do well in your English study as /so long as you keep on.只要坚持下去,你一定能学好英语 。5. as well 也;e.g. My class went to the cinema and I went there as well.Asia n亚洲Asian a & n. 亚洲人;亚洲的ask v. 问;询问;请求;主要考点为ask sb. to do sth 例如:She asked them _things about. (宁夏回族自治区) Anot to itter B. dont litter C. not litter D. no litter 题解:根据题意“她要求他们不要乱扔垃圾。”考查ask to do的否定形式asknot to do故 选A。 短语:1.ask sb to do sth, 2.ask for,asleep adj.睡熟(的);不活跃(的 );1.fall asleep 入睡:e.g.Though it is 12 in the night. I still find it hard to fall asleep.尽管已经是夜里12点钟了,我发现还是很难入睡。词型转换:Sleep/sleeping/sleepy/asleepat prep.在;在里;主要用法是一般用于时刻前,小地点前和一些固定结构中。例如:When do you usually get up every day?( 吉林省)_ about 6: 00 a. m. A. At B. On C. In D. For 题解:本题考查at用于时刻前的用法。故选A.Atlantic Ocean n.大西洋attention n.专心;注意 短语:1.pay attention toAugust n.八月aunt n. 姑妈;姨妈;婶母Australia n.澳大利亚的autumn n.秋季; 短语:1.mid-autumn 中秋 2.in autumn, 3.the mid-autumn festivalavailable adj.现成的;可用的;自由的avoid n.避开;逃脱awake v.醒来;醒悟away adv. 向走开;逝去Bbaby n. 婴儿;幼兽;小型back adv. & n.背部;背骨 短语:1.at /on the back ofbackground n.背景;远景; 出身;个人背景。e.g. Hes always going on about his working class background.他老是谈论自己出身于工薪阶层家庭。Without knowing the background the case, I couldnt possibly comment. 因为不了解案件的背景情况,我不可能加以评论。bad ( worse, worst) a 不足的;令人不快的 短语:1.be bad forbadly adv.坏;差;非常严重地 (worse, worst)bag n.袋;包;囊ball n.球;balloon n.玩具气球;气球;bamboo n.竹;竹竿banana n.香蕉;香蕉树bank n.河岸;滩 ;银行;储蓄所;baseball n棒球; 棒球运动 短语:1.play baseballbasic adj.基本的;根本的;初级的;basket n. .篮;篓;筐basketball n篮球;.篮球运动短语:1.play basketballbathroom n. 浴室;厕所;be (is,am,are) v.存在;发生;位于beach n.海滩;沙滩bear n. 熊;粗鲁的人beat (beat, beaten) v. & n. 打;击;敲打例如:Most of us wondered if Wang Nan could _ Zhang Yining in the final match. (大连市)A. beat B. w in C. hit D. fail题解:beat 后接宾语往往是比赛,竞争的对手,即人或球队。题意为:我们中的大多数想 知道,在决赛中王楠 是否能打败张怡宁。故选A。beautiful adj美好的;优美的;极好的because conj.因为;由于 ;辨析:because of (接名词或者名词词组) 因为: e.g. He begs because of poverty, not hunger.他不是因为饿了,而是因为贫穷才要饭的。because 后接句子。become v. 成为;变得bed n.床bedroom n.寝室 ;卧室bee n.蜜峰;工作忙碌的人beef n. 牛肉;菜牛before prep. adv. & conj.在之前;在前;以前;主要考点是它的词性。例如:“Ladies first” means“Ladies _ gentlemen.”(山东省)A. a f t e r B. near C. beside D. before 题解:考查 before作介词“在之前”的用法,其余三项不合题意。1.before long 不久以后:e.g. Before long ,news came that China lost the game.不久以后传来消息说中国队比赛输了。2.the day before yesterday :e.g. He went to see his grandmother the day before yesterday.他前天去看望他奶奶了。3.long before 很久以前。 e.g.She said she had seen the film long before.她说很久以前就看过这部电影。begin (began, begun) v. 开始;着手;近义词辨析:begin / start二者都表示“开始”后面可以接不定式或动名词,一般可以互换使用。区别是:1.begin 侧重于时间上一个过程的开始,指迈出第一步、采取第一个行动,与and相对;2.start 侧重于形态上的开始,通常指由静到动的过程,与stop相对。beginning n.开端;起点;起源 短语:1.at the beginning of 2 begin withbehind prep.在背后;在另一面believe 相信;认为;猜想bell n.铃;钟below prep.在下;低于beside prep 在旁边;在附近besides prep. & adv.除之外;还有:近义词辨析:except / besidesexcept 除之外;侧重整体除去一部分;e.g. We all knew about the news except Jim.除了Jim以外,我们都知道这个消息。besides 除之外(还有),e.g. We all knew about the news besides Jim.better较好的;更好的(地) 主要考点为它的几种固定结构had better (not)do sth. 最好做 /thethe better 越越好,以及在比较句型中的用法。例如:Look! How heavy the rain is! Youd better_. (河北省)Adont go now B. stay here when it stops C. not leave until it stops D. not to leave at once题解:“看!雨下的很大,你最好不要马上就走。”根据题意以及had better not do的用法应该选D。between prep 在之间;(两者)beyond prep.在那边;超出big adj.大的;巨大的(bigger, biggest);bike =bicycle n自行车;摩托车bill n.帐单;法案;招贴bird n. 鸟;禽birth n.出生;开始;出身birthday n. 生日;周年纪念日biscuit n.饼干;素坯瓷bit n.一小块;少量 短语:1.a bitbitter adj.、有苦味的;强烈的black adj. & n.黑色的;抑郁的blackboard n. 黑板;blind adj.瞎的;失明的;盲目的blood n.血;血液;激情blow (blew, blown) v吹气;吹走;刮;短语:1.blow out 吹灭;e.g. Close the windows or the wind blow the light out.把窗户关上,不然风会把灯吹灭。blue n. & adj. 蓝色;蓝色的;悲伤的board n.薄木板;牌子boat n.小船;船 短语:1.by boatbody n. 主体;身体;躯体book n书籍 ;著作;本;册.bookshop n书店.boring adj .无聊的;讨厌的 词型转换:boring/boredborn adj. & v 出生的; 出生 短语:1.be bornborrow v.借入;采用 短语:1.borrow from/lendtoboss n.老板;工头both pron. & adj. 两者都;双方的 短语:1. bothand, 2both of, 3both/all例如:_ of my parents are good at English. ( 长沙市)A. All B. either C. Both 题解:因为父母是指两人,所以用both .bottle n. 瓶;罐;奶瓶 短语:1.a bottle ofbottom n.底;基底;尽头;臀部 短语:1.at the bottom ofbowl n.碗;钵 短语:1.a bowl ofbox n.盒子;箱;盆;匣 短语:1.a box ofboy n.男孩;儿子;小伙子brain n.脑;脑浆;智者brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的 (braver,bravest)bread n.面包 短语:1.a piece of breadbreak (broke, broken) n. & v. 打破;损坏 短语:1.break downbreakfast n. 早餐 短语:1.have breakfast, 2.havefor breakfast,breathe v.呼吸;生存;说出 短语:1.breathe in/outbridge n. 桥梁;纽带bright adj.发光的;明亮的 ;聪明的bring (brought, brought) v. 带来;取来;导致; 短语:1.bringto, 2.bring sb. with, 3.bring sth for sb.brother n. 兄弟;同伴;教友brown n. & adj. 棕色的;晒黑的brush v. & n. 刷子;画笔;擦;轻抹build (built, built) v.建筑;修建;发展;building n. 建筑物;建造burn (burnt, burnt) v. 烧掉;发光;烫伤bus n.公共汽车;汽车 短语:1.by bus, 2.on a bus, 3. at the bus stopbusiness n.事务;工作;职业;要务 短语:1.on businessbusy adj.忙碌的;杂乱的 ; 短语:1.be busy (in) doing something.忙着做 2.be busy with 忙于;主要考点为be busy doing sth .They are busy _ready for the exams. (宁夏回族自治区)A. get B. getting C. to get D. got题解:本题考查be busy doing sth.用法。题意为“他们都在忙于准备考试。”but conj.但是;然而;例如:They lost the match, _we know they did heir best. (河南省)A. and B. for C. but D. so题解:根据题意知道,前后两句存在转折关系,即“虽然他们输了比赛,但是我们知道他们已经尽最大努力了。”故选C。 butter n. 黄油;花生酱butterfly n. 蝴蝶;彩蝶;buy (bought, bought) v 买;购;收买 短语:1.buy sb sth/ buy sth for sbby prep.靠近;在旁边bye-bye interj.再见Ccabbage n.洋白菜;卷心菜cake n.蛋糕;块状物call v.呼喊;啼叫 ;短语:1. call at : “访问”后接地点名词 ; call on 后接表示人的名词。2.call back 叫回,召回; 3.callfor help 喊帮忙;camel n.骆驼;驼色camera n.照相机;电视摄像机 短语:1.digital camera 数码相机camp n. & v. 军营;拘留所短语:1.go camping 野营度假can n. & v能;会;可能 cant不可能Canada n.加拿大candle n.蜡烛; 短语:1.light candles点蜡烛candy n. 冰糖;糖果cap n.软帽;帽子capital n.首都;省会captain n.领袖;队长car n.轿车;有轨电车card n厚纸片;卡片. 短语:1.Play cards打扑克care v.关心;注意;照料:喜欢; 短语:1. take care of 照顾,照管:care for 关心e.g. His son took care of him when he was ill.当他生病时。他的儿子照顾他。careful adj. 仔细的;谨慎的 : 短语:1.be careful of 小心。careless adj. 粗心的;麻木不仁carry v. 携带;提;抱;背cat n.猫;猫科动物catch v. 捉住;发现:燃着;理解; (caught, caught) 短语:1.catch up (常与with连用) 赶上近义词辨析:catch up with / keep up withcatch up with 意思是“赶上”,指由落后状态变为并肩状态,侧重动作:keep up with 意识是“跟上”,指并驾骑驱,不掉队,侧重状态。cause n. & v.原因;理由;提出CD n.激光唱片;只读光盘;存储器CD-ROM只读光盘;存储器ceiling n.天花板;顶棚celebrate v. 庆祝;举行cent n.分centre n.中点;圆心century n. 百年;世纪 短语:1.21st century 21世纪certain adj. 确信的;注定的 短语:1.for certain 毫无疑问certainly adv. 无意地;毫无疑问chair n. 椅子;教授职位chairman/woman n.会议主席;女人chalk n.粉笔chance n. 碰巧; 机会;可能性: 1.by chance 偶然的,意外地:e.g. I met him in the street quite by chance.我在街上很偶然地遇见了他。change v.变化;转变;改变;找回的零钱,找头; 短语:1.change into 变成:Put a basin of water in cold outside and the next morning, the watr will c