【培训课件】路由器配置基础.ppt
路由器配置基础 用户界面登录到路由器Router con0 is now availablePress RETURN to get started.RouterRouterenablePassword:Router#Router#exitRouterRouterlogoutUser mode promptPrivileged mode prompt2021/9/272用户界面使用密码nA line access passwordnA privileged EXEC mode passwordnEncrypted PasswordsIOS提供加密存放密码的服务。2021/9/273用户界面用户方式命令列表DUT?Exec commands:Session number to resume access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-profile Apply user-profile to interface attach attach to system component clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC mls exec mls router commands mrinfo Request neighbor and version information from a multicast router mstat Show statistics after multiple multicast traceroutes mtrace Trace reverse multicast path from destination to source name-connection Name an existing network connection pad Open a X.29 PAD connection-More-2021/9/274用户界面上下文相关帮助DUTshow bootfDUTshow bootflash:?all show all possible flash info chips show flash chip information filesys Show file system information|Output modifiers DUTshow bootflash:2021/9/275用户界面使用编辑命令n 移动到命令行开头n 移动到命令行结束n 移动到上一个词开始n 移动到前一个字符n 移动到下一个字符n 移动到下一个词2021/9/276用户界面命令历史纪录Router#show history show history enable terminal hisitory size 10 terminal no editing terminal editingRouter#or UP arrow 上一个命令 or Down arrow 下一个命令2021/9/277检查路由器状态Internetwork Operating SystemProgramDynamicConfigurationInformationTableAndBuffersOperatingSystemsBackupConfigurationFileINTERFACEsRouter#show versionRouter#show startup-conifgRouter#show interfacesRouter#show processes CPU Router#show protocolsRouter#show running-configRouter#show memRouter#show ip routeRouter#show flash2021/9/278检查路由器状态n show version显示系统的硬件配置，软件版本，配置文件的源和名字，以及启动镜像。n show processes显示当前活动进程。n show protocols显示已经配置的协议。n show memory显示路由器的内存信息n show ip route显示路由表n show flash显示闪存设备的信息n show running-config显示当前活动配置n show startup-config显示备份配置文件n show interfaces显示已经配置的界面属性2021/9/279载入配置文件RAMNVRAM configure terminal1 copy startup-config running-config2 copy tftp running-conifg3Console orTerminalTFTP Server copy tftp startup-config42021/9/2710载入配置配置文件n configure terminal从终端执行配置命令n copy tftp running-config从tftp服务器将配置复制到RAM中n copy tftp startup-config从tftp服务器将配置复制到NVRAM中n copy startup-config running-config从NVRAM将配置文件从NVRAM中复制到RAM2021/9/2711载入配置文件TFTP ServerRAMRouter#copy tftp running-configHost or network configuration file host?IP address of remote host 255.255.255.255?131.108.2.155Name of configuration file Router-config?P1R1.2Booting P1R1.2 from 131.108.2.155:!OK 874/16000 bytesP1R1#2021/9/2712基本的路由器配置任务RouterenableRouterconfiguration terminalRouter(config)#User EXEC ModePrivieged EXEC ModeGlobal configuration modeCtrl-Z(end)ExitConfiguration modeRouter PortInterfaceRouter(config-if)#SubinterfaceRouter(config-subif)#ControllerRouter(config-controller)#LineRouter(config-line)#RouterRouter(config-router)#IPX-RouterRouter(config-ipx-router)#Router-mapRouter(config-route-map)#2021/9/2713基本的路由器配置任务nInterface mode支持对一个界面进行配置的命令nSubinterface mode支持对一个物理界面上的虚电路进行配置。nController mode支持配置通道化的T1nLine mode支持配置终端线nRouter mode配置IP路由协议nIPX-Router mode支持配置novell网络层协议nRouter-map mode支持配置路由表（策略路由）2021/9/2714基本的路由器配置任务佩路由器身份信息Router(config)#hostname P1R1P1R1#Router NameP1R1(config)#banner motd#You have entered a secured system.Autherized access only!#Message-of-the-Day BannerP1R1(config)#interface ethernet 0P1R1(config-if)#description Engineering LAN,Blad.182021/9/2715基本的路由器配置任务密码设定n主控台密码 line console 0 password abcn虚拟终端密码 line vty 0 4 password abcn特权模式密码 enable secret abc2021/9/2716基本的路由器配置任务配置和管理界面n interface command interface serial 0 interface ethernet 1 interface ethernet 1/0 interface ethernet 1/0/0n show interface command show interface ethernet 02021/9/2717基本的路由器配置任务确认界面状态nOperational Serial1 is up,line protocol is upnConnection Problem Serial1 is up,line protocol is downnInterface Problem Serial1 is down,line protocol is downnDisable Serial1 is administratively down,line protocol is down2021/9/2718基本的路由器配置任务禁用一个界面n shutdown禁用一个界面n no shutdown起用一个界面2021/9/2719基本的路由器配置任务保存配置n write memoryn copy running-config startup-confign copy running-config tftp2021/9/2720基本的路由器配置任务管理配置环境Router#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system flash c2500-js-1Router#copy running-config startup-configFlashRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system tftp test.exe 172.16.13.111Router#copy running-config startup-configNetworkRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)#boot system romRouter#copy running-config startup-configROM2021/9/2721基本的路由器配置任务密码恢复n在路由器启动过程中 Breakn更改过程rommonconfregDo you wish to change the configuration?y/nn:yEnable“ignore system config info”?y/nn:yChange the boot characteristics?y/nn:yEnter to boot:2Do you wish to change the configuration?y/nn:nrommonresetWould you like to enter the initial dialog?yes:no enable configure memory 改密码 configure register 0 x21022021/9/2722基本的路由器配置任务备份IOSn copy flash tftp2021/9/2723基本的路由器配置任务升级IOSn copy tftp flash2021/9/2724基本的路由器配置任务使用setup进行快速设置n setup2021/9/2725发现和访问其他Cisco设备nCisco Discovery ProtocolCisco的特有协议，使得网络管理员能够发现相邻设备的平台和协议。n信息包括：设备标识：如主机名及域名地址列表：至少包含一个用于snmp协议。端口标识：ethernet 0,serial 0性能列表版本平台2021/9/2726发现和访问其他Cisco设备nRouter(config)#cdp run启动CDP服务nRouter(config-if)#no cdp enable在某个界面禁止使用CDPnRouter(config)#cdp timer 30多长时间发送一个CDP包nRouter(config)#cdp holdtime 90多长时间没有收到CDP包就认为该设备已经停止使用。2021/9/2727发现和访问其他Cisco设备n show cdp neighbors2021/9/2728
