高考英语阅读理解100篇试题及答案(附答题技巧).pdf

高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）高考英语阅读理解题型主要有主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题等，下面是英语阅读理解经典题型及解题技巧，希望能对大家有所帮助！一、高考英语阅读常见题型一、高考英语阅读常见题型（一）主旨大意题（一）主旨大意题这类题在设题时常会用到 title,subject,main idea,topic,theme 等词。1.归纳标题题1高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。常见命题形式有：Whats the best title for the text?The best title for this passage is _.Which of the following can be the best title for thepassage?真题范例：Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue orbrown for boys?The answer depends largely oncultural values as well as personal experiences.To theEgyptians,green was a color that represented thehope and joy of spring,while for Muslims,it meansheaven.Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures.In China,children are given money in a red envelopeto bring good fortune in the New Year.For manynations,blue is a symbol of protection and religiousbeliefs.Greek people often wear a blue necklacehoping to protect themselves against evils(灾祸).2高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）Peoples choice of colors is also influenced by theirbodies reactions(反应)toward them.Green is said tobe the most restful color.It has the ability to reducepain and relax people both mentally and physically.People who work in green environment have beenfound to have fewer stomach aches.Red can cause a persons blood pressure to rise andincrease peoples appetites(食欲).Many decoratorswill include different shades of red in the restaurant.Similarly,many commercial websites will have a redBuy Now button because red is a color that easilycatches a persons eye.Blue is another calming color.Unlike red,blue cancause people to lose appetite.So if you want to eatless,some suggest that eating from blue plates canhelp.The next time you are deciding on what to wear orwhat color to decorate your room,think about thecolor carefully.3高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）63.Which of the following would be the most propertitle for the text?A.Colors and Human BeingsB.The Cultural Meaning of ColorC.Colors and Personal ExperiencesD.The Meaning and Function of Color答案：D（二）概括大意题（二）概括大意题包括寻找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea），常见命题形式有：What is the general/main idea of the passage？Whichof the following expresses the main idea？What is thesubject discussed in the text?The writer of the story wants to tell us that_.Thepassage/text is mainly about_.Whats the articlemainly about？4高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）真题范例Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University ofParis and decided to leave his graduation.Hetransferred to the University of Berlin and graduatedwith honors.Harvard Law School and,later,BostonCollege provided him with an excellent legalbackground.He is presently a corporation lawyer inMiami,Florida.Q:What is the main idea of the passage?A.How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.B.Bingham is a diligent student.C.Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.D.A good lawyer needs good education.答案：C解题思路:此文没有主题句。全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节(detail)性的事实。因此就答案本身看，个个都对。读者只能5高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）将所有的 details 综合起来，进行逻辑推理，才能构成一个没有言明的主题思想。由于文中主要涉及了 JoshuaBingham 接受教育的情况，即作者想告诉我们的是：JoshuaBingham 接受过良好的教育，所以答案是。解题技巧阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题论述问题得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。位于段首：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。判断第一句是否为主题句，可具体分析段落的首句与第二，三句的关系；如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如 for example,an exampleof;first,second,next,last,finally;to begin with,also,6高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）besides;one,the other;some,others 等。在阅读中应尽量利用上述信号词来确定主题句的位置。位于段尾：有些文章会在开头列举事实,然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。因此，如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话，最好快速读一读段落的最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征。如果它具备主題句的特征，段落的主题思想就很容易确定了。一般说来，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现。学生可以充分利用引出结论的信号词。如 so，therefore，thus，consequently；in conclusion，in short；in a word,to sum up等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。当无明显的此类信号时，学生可在段落的最后一句话前面添加一个引出结论的信号词，以确定其是否是主题句。位于段中：有时段落是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。这种文章的主题句往往会在段落中间出现。归纳起来主要有两种情况：先提出问题，然后给予回答(主题句)，最后给予解释；或者，先提出问题，然后点出主题思想(主题句)，最后给予解释。7高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）首尾呼应：主题句在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上先后出现，形成前呼后应的格局。这两个主题句叙说的是同一个内容，但用词不尽相同，这样不但强调了主题思想，而且显得灵活多变。这两个句子并非简单重复，后一个主题句或对该主题作最后的评述，或对要点作一概括，或使之引申留给读者去思考。无明确主题句：找关键词（出现频率较高）,归纳总结。（三）细节理解题（三）细节理解题考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。1.事实细节题寻读法分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用 who,what,which,when,where,why和 how 提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。常见命题形式有：8高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）What can we learn from the passage?All the following are mentioned exceptWhich of the following is mentioned(not mentioned)?Which of the following statements istrue/right/false/wrong about?真题范例(江西卷)Mark had been scolded before fortouching his fathers equipment.But his curiosity wasdifficult to control and this new computer reallypuzzled him.56Why did Mark touch the computer against hisfathers warning?AHe wanted to take a voyage.BHe wanted to practice his skillCHe was so much attracted by it.9高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）DHe was eager to do an experiment.答案：C2.排列顺序题首尾定位法（找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）常出现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。常见命题形式有：Which of the following is the correct order of?Whichof the following shows the path of signals described inParagraph?真题范例（山东卷）Since the 1970s,scientists have beensearching for ways to link the brain with computers.Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology could helppeople with disabilities send commands tomachines.The researchers designed a special capfor the user.This head cover picks up the signals fromthe scalp(头皮)and sends them to a computer.The10高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）computer interprets the signals and commands themotorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has twocameras that identify objects in its path.They help thecomputer react to commands from the brain.73.Which of the following shows the path of thesignals described in Paragraph 5?A.scalpcomputercapwheelchairB.computercapscalpwheelchairC.scalpcapcomputerwheelchairD.capcomputerscalpwheelchair答案：C3.图文匹配题按图索骥理清线索设题形式：给出图表，根据图表提问问题。4.数字计算题（方法：审题带着问题找细节对比、分析、计算）11高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。（四）推理判断题（四）推理判断题主要考查学生对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考生对作者观点的理解，态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。题干关键词：infer(推断),indicate(象征，暗示),imply/suggest(暗示),conclude(作出结论),assume(假定，设想).1.细节推理判断题一般可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断，常见命题形式有：It can be inferred/concluded from the text that_.The author implies/suggests that_.We may infer that _.12高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）Which of the following statements is implied but NOTstated?真题范例（天津卷）.Some eyes rolled and there were a fewlow groans(嘟囔声)when Ms.Yates was about to speak.Many started looking at their watches and coming upwith excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing tolisten to a lecture from and old woman who had fewkind words for her students and made them workharder than all the other teachers combined.42.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A.Some graduates were too busy to listen to Ms.Yates speech.B.Many graduates disliked Ms.Yates ways ofteaching.C.Some people got tired from the reunion activities.D.Most people had little interest in the reunion.13高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）答案：B2.预测推理判断题根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测，常见命题形式有：What do you think will happen if/when?At the end of this passage,the writer might continueto write_3.推测文章来源或读者对象常见命题形式有：The passage is probably take out of_The passage would most likely be found in_Where does this text probably come from?4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。14高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词是：explain(解释),prove(证明),persuade(劝说),advise(劝告),comment(评论),praise(赞扬),criticize(批评),entertain(娱乐),demonstrate(举例说明),argue(辩论),tell(讲述),analyze(分析)等。询问语气态度的题，选项里常出现的词是：neutral(中立的),sympathetic(同情的),satisfied(满意的),friendly(友好的),enthusiastic(热情的),subjective(主观的),objective(客观的),matter-of-fact(实事求是的),pessimistic(悲观的),optimistic(乐观的),critical(批评的),doubtful(怀疑的),hostile(敌对的),indifferent(冷淡的),disappointed(失望的)。常见命题形式有：The purpose of the text is_What is the main purpose of the author writing thetext?By mentioning,the author aims to showthat_What is the authors attitude towards?15高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）What is the authors opinion on?The authors tone in this passage is _.解题技巧推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。（五）词义猜测题（五）词义猜测题考点：猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义16高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）对文中的多义词或词组进行定义判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有：The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraphmeans _.The word“it/they”in the last sentence refers to_.The word“”（Line 6.para.2）probably means _.The word“”（Line 6.para.2）could best be replacedby which of the following?Which of the following is closest in meaning to theword“”?二、二、英语阅读理解解题技巧英语阅读理解解题技巧1.通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词。首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如 because，as，since，for，so，17高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）thus，as a result，of course，therefore 等等)表示前因后果。例如：You shouldnt have blamed him for that，for itwasnt his fault.通过 for 引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出 blame 的词义是责备。2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词。通过同义词猜词，一是要看由 and 或 or 连接的同义词词组，如 happy and gay，即使我们不认识 gay 这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如 Man has known something about theplanets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help ofspaceships.此句中的 Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道 planets 就可猜出这几个词都属于行星这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however 等；二是看与 not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all ashandsome as his brother.根据 not at all.handsome 我们不难推测出 homely 的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。18高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）3.通过构词法猜词。根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。如：She is unlikely to have stolen the money.(“un”含否定意义，故为“不太可能”之意。)4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义。例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，longtime.Then there is a dry period，or drought.从drought 所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即 drought，由此可见 drought 意思为久旱，旱灾。而 a dry period和 drought 是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由 is，or，that is，in other words，becalled 或破折号等来表示。5.通过句法功能来推测词义。例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts andsome other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples 和 coconuts 是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts 和 bananas，oranges 是同类关系，19高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）同属 fruit 类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。6.通过描述猜词。描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living inthe South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water tocatch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知 penguin 是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。7.根据常识猜词。如：The door was so low that he hit his head on thelintel.（lintel“过梁”。）Afraid of waking the baby up,she tiptoed out ofthe room.（tiptoed“踮着脚走，蹑手蹑脚”）三、三、英语阅读题技巧三步走英语阅读题技巧三步走1.迅速将整篇文章分解，理出文章结构；20高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）2.迅速抓住文章叙述的主题；3.迅速找出各部分的中心意思，并找出表达中心意思的句子。做到这 3 步，基本上这篇文章不用逐字读完就可以答对接下来的题目。先说一下，英语文章，尤其是用于考试的阅读文章，其结构都有非常明显的典型性，一般结构为主题段，论述段落，总结及结论段，乃至超长的毕业论文也不过是在这个大框架内。以一篇文章 5 段为例：一般第一段为主题段，也就是说，整篇文章要表达的主题一定会出现在这里，你要做的就是迅速把中心句找出来，一般来说，中心句会出现在倒数第2 句或第 1 句，简单一点的文章会在第 1 句就出现，如果考题出得比较难，也可能需要自己总结，但就算需要自己总结中心句，也一定能在该段落中找出代表中心意思的词；接下来第二、三、四段，各段将对第一段提出的主题意思进行论述或分步骤分析，也就是说，每个段落都会有进阶的主题，即个各分论点，所以你要做的同样是迅速把它们找出来，位置和方法相同；21高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）最后一段为全文的总结，并会对结论进行进一步的分析，或做推测，或作评论，这也是一个出题点，你要做的就是抓住总结的主旨和对其进一步分析的结论。当然并不会所有文章都是 5 段，例如有的主题段落会有2 段甚至更多，论点段落可能只有 2 段或多达 4 段以上（但一般不超过 3 段），难一点的文章里每个分论点也可能不止一段，我这里只是以 5 段为例，解释的是文章的结构，或者说一般构成，通过这个规律可以迅速将文章进行分解，进而掌握各部分的要点。下面分析一下出题要点，或者说出题规律（如果题不会出得很偏的话），以一篇阅读文 5 题为例，一般为 1 个主题、1 个分论点、2 个细节题、1 个结论或对结论的分析、推测。可见掌握文章主题、分论点及结论分析就可以答对 3/5，这是不需要逐字逐句读完全文的，而 2 个细节题怎么办呢，就需要通过题目提供的信息迅速分析出其所在的分论点，然后回到该分论点段落找到与这题相符的句子，一般如果题出得简单的话会是原句照搬，难一点的话会换个表达方式，再难一点则会绕个圈设个陷阱，这就需要非常小心，一定要舍22高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）得多花 2 秒钟把这句话和前后两句反复阅读，挖出陷阱。这样的话 5 道题都可以迎刃而解了，这就叫针对性解题。说一下我的阅读答题习惯吧，一般我第一时间会先看题，并且非常认真的理解每道题的意思，提取有用的信息，虽然一般并不容易只通过问题一下子就找出文章主题，但一定能找到跟主题有关的词和信息，并且至少知道文章是在讨论某个东西还是在叙述某件事，也就是说是议论文、说明文，还是叙述文，然后迅速按上面的三步走，这样带着问题扫读全文，连细节题也可以非常迅速的找出来，最后将问题一一对应，全部解决！实践操作实践操作 100100 篇篇1、(1 分)O.Henry was a pen name used by an American writer of short stories.His real name was William Sydney Porter.He was born in North Carolinain 1862.As a young boy he lived an exciting life.He did not go to schoolfor very long,but he managed to teach himself everything he needed toknow.When he was about 20 years old,O.Henry went to Texas,wherehe tried different jobs.He first worked on a newspaper,and then had ajob in a bank,when some money went missing from the bank O.Henry23高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）was believed to have stolen it.Because of that,he was sent to prison.During the three years in prison,he learned to write short stories.Afterhe got out of prison,he went to New York and continued writing.Hewrote mostly about New York and the life of the poor there.People likedhis stories,because simple as the tales were,they would finish with asudden change at the end,to the readers surprise.1.In which order did O.Henry do the following things?a.Lived in New York.b.Worked in a bank.c.Travelled to Texas.d.Was put in prison.e.Had a newspaper Job.f.Learned to writestories.A.e.c.f.b.d.a B.c.e.b.d.f.a C.e.b.d.c.a.f.D.c.b.e.d.a f.2.People enjoyed reading O.Henrys stories becauseA.they had surprise endings B.they were easy to understandC.they showed his love for the poor D.they were about New YorkCity3.O.Henry went to prison because.A.people thought he had stolen money from the newspaperB.he broke the law by not using his own name24高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）C.he wanted to write stories about prisonersD.people thought he had taken money that was not his4.What do we know about O.Henry before he began writing?A.He was well-educated.B.He was not serious about his work.C.He was devoted to the poor.D.He was very good at learning.5.Where did O.Henry get most material for his short stories?A.His life inside the prison.B.The newspaper articles he wrote.C.The city and people of New York.D.His exciting early life as a boy.2、(1 分)One day a few years ago a very funny thing happened to aneighbour of mine.He is a teacher at one of Londons big medicalschools,He had finished his teaching for the summer term and was atthe airport on his way to Russia to give a lecture.He had put a few clothes and his lecture notes in his shoulder bag,but he had put Rupert,the skeleton(人体骨骼)to be used in his lecture,ina large brown suitcase(箱子).At the airport desk,he suddenly thoughtthat he had forgotten to buy a newspaper.He left his suitcase near thedesk and went over to the shop.25高考英语阅读理解高考英语阅读理解 100100 篇试题及答案（伴你一程）篇试题及答案（伴你一程）When he got back he discovered that someone had taken hissuitcase by mistake.He often wonders what they said when they gothome and found Rupert.1.Who wrote the story?A.Ruperts teacher.B.The nei