医学英语专业词汇.pdf

目录一、内科常用字汇心血管系统血液及淋巴系统呼吸系统消化系统内分泌系统神经系统肌肉骨骼系统泌尿及男性生殖系统特殊感觉器官综合字汇二、妇产科常用字汇三、小儿科常用字汇四、精神科常用字汇五、各科常用缩写六、解剖式内外科常用字汇七、癌症相关单字八、医院内常见单字九、病历表内常见单字1十、诊断用具一、内科常用字汇心血管系统 The Cardiovascular SystemAcute Myocardial Infarction(AMI)急性心机梗塞Electrocardiogram(DCG)心电图Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease 高血压性心脏血管疾病Congential Heart Disease 先天性心脏病Hemangioma 血管瘤Vasodilatation 血管扩张Arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化Hypertension 高血压Hypertrophy 肥大Hypotension 低血压Varicose veins 静脉曲张血液及淋巴系统 The Hemic and Lymphatic SystemAdenitis 腺炎Acute Lymphogenous Leukemia 急性淋巴球性白血病Leukocyte 白血球Leukocytopenia 白血球减少Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 全身性红斑性狼疮2Splenomegaly 脾肿大Anemia 贫血Aseptic 无菌的Septicemia 败血症Hemostasis 止血Transfusion 输血呼吸系统 The Respiratory SystemPulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Mucosa 黏膜Exhale 呼吸Apnea 窒息Tachypnea 呼吸急促Pneumonia 肺炎Bronchitis 支气管炎Lung Empyema 肺积脓消化系统 The Digestive SystemShort of breath 呼吸短促Dysphasia 说话困难Aphasia 失语症Aphonia 失声Dysphagia 吞咽困难Gingivitis 齿龈炎3Pharyngitis 咽炎Laryngitis 喉炎Esophagoscopy 食道镜检查Esophagus stricture 食道狭窄Abdominocentesis 腹部穿刺术Gastric cancer 胃癌Gastritis 胃炎Gastroenteritis 胃肠炎Gastrorrhagia 胃出血Pyloric obstruction 幽门阻塞Duodenal Ulcer 十二指肠溃疡Peritonitis 腹膜炎Enterorrhagia 肠出血Enterorrhexis 肠破裂Appendicitis 阑尾炎Colon cancer 结肠癌Proctoscopy 直肠镜检查Rectal cancer 直肠癌Anal Fistual 肛门?I 管External hemorrhoid 外痔Internal hemorrhoid 内痔Excretion 排泄4Hepatitis 肝炎Hepatomegaly 肝肿大Gall Stone 胆结石Cholelithiasis 胆石症Liver Cirrhosis 肝硬化Ascites 腹水内分泌系统 The Endocrine SystemGlycemia 糖血症Goiter 甲状腺肿Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病Diabetes Insipidus 尿崩症Bromidrosis 汗臭症Pituitary Tumor 脑下垂体肿瘤神经系统 The Nervous SystemCerebral Arteriosclerosis 脑动脉硬化Cerebral Hemorrhage 脑出血Cerebral Edema 脑水肿Cerebra Palsy 脑性麻痹Cerebral Thrombosis 脑栓塞Cranial Neruritis 脑神经炎Intracranial Hemorrhage 颅内出血Encephalitis 脑炎5Electromyography 肌电图Neuritis 神经炎Epilepsy 癜痫Trigeminal Neuralgia 三叉神经痛Rachitis?偻症Rachioscoliiosis 脊柱侧弯Spondylitis 脊椎炎Quadriplegia 四肢麻痹Paraplegia 下半身瘫痪Immediately loss of consciousness 立即丧失意识Eye opening 睁眼反应Verbal response 语言反应Motor response 运动反应Corneal reflex 角膜反射Plantar reflex 膝反射Sciatica 坐骨神经痛Chorea 舞蹈症Muscle atrophy 肌萎缩Migraine 偏头痛Parkinsons Disease 巴金森式症Brain Swelling 脑肿胀brain Concussion 脑震荡6brain Anoxia 脑缺氧症brain Death 脑死肌肉骨骼系统 The Musculoskeletal SystemAnterior Cruciate Ligament 前十字韧带Rheumatoid Arthritis 类风湿性关节炎Arthrosclerosis 关节硬化Degenerated Joint Disease 变性关节炎Clavicle Fracture 锁骨骨折Pelvic Fracture 骨盆骨折Plastic Paris Cast 整形硬石膏Matastatic Lesion 转移性损害Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症Amputation 截肢Bone graft 骨移植Hallux Valgus 大拇指外翻Prosthesis Replacement 人工弥补置换术Range of Motion 运动范围Varus 内翻Chondromalacia 软骨软化症泌尿及男性生殖系统 The Urinary and Male Reproductive SystemCystitis 膀胱炎Circumcision 包皮环割术7Cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查Hydronephrosis 肾水肿Renal Stone 肾结石Acute Renal Failure 急性肾衰竭Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Spermatogenesis 精子生成Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄Dysuria 排尿困难Hematuria 血尿Uremia 尿毒症Urinary Tract Infection 尿路感染Vasoligation 输精管结扎Impotence 阳萎特殊感觉器官 The Organs of Special SensesAudiometer 听力计Otitis 耳炎Otorrhea 耳漏Tympanitis 中耳炎Tympanotomy 鼓膜穿破术Nasitis 鼻炎Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma 鼻咽癌8Rhinorrhea 鼻溢Intraocular Foreign Body 眼内异物Intraocular pressure 眼内压Oculus Uterque 双眼Oculus Sinister 左眼Oculus Dexter 右眼Extraocular Muscle 眼外肌Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Diplopia 复视Myopia 近视Blepharoptosis 眼睑下垂Corneitis 角膜炎Pupil Size Anisocoria 瞳孔大小不等Retinopexy 视网膜固定术Retinal Detachment 视网膜剥落Visual field 视野Vocal nodular 声带结节Dermatologist 皮肤科医师Dermatitis 皮肤炎Cataract 白内障Glaucoma 青光眼综合性字汇9Contraceptive 避孕的Contraindication 禁忌症Biology 生物学Hyperemesis 剧吐Polydipsia 剧渴Homosexual 同性的Heterosexual 异性的Inject 注射Lipoma 脂肪瘤Lipoid 脂肪样的Lipomatosis 脂肪过多症Malformaiton 畸形Malaise 不适Necrosis 坏死Nocturia 夜尿症Ployuria 多尿Narcotics 麻醉药Hyperplasia 增殖Dysplasia 发育不良Dyspepsia 消化不良Prognosis 预後Antipyretic 解热剂10Hydrophobia 恐水症Photophobia 畏光Antibiotic 抗生素Syndrome 症候群Hydrotherapy 水疗法Perforation 穿孔Percussion 叩诊Visceralgia 脏器痛二、妇产科常用字汇Genital 生殖的Gynecology 妇科Menstruation 月经Menopause 更年期Menorrhagia 经血过多Amenorrhea 无月经Dysmenorrhea 经痛Menarche 初经Cervical cancer 子宫颈癌Cervical Erosion 子宫颈糜烂Cervicitis 子宫颈炎Perineum 会阴Endometriosis 子宫内膜异位11Ovary 卵巢Ovarian Cyst 卵巢囊肿Ovulation 排卵Vaginitis 阴道炎Colposcopy 阴道镜检法Galactocele 乳腺囊肿Mammography 乳房 X 光摄影术Infertility 不孕症InVitro Fertilization 体外受精Amnion 羊膜Amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术Amniotic Fluid Embolism 羊水栓塞Hydramnion 羊水过多Anterpartal 产前的Antepartum 分娩前Chorionic Villi Sampling 绒毛膜绒毛取样Cephalo Pelvic Disproportion 胎头骨盆不对称Artificial Insemination 人工受精Engagement 进入产位Estrogen 动情基素Colostrum 初乳Termination of Pregnancy 终止怀孕12Corpus Luteum 黄体Vacuum Extraction Delivery 真空吸出分娩Venereal Disease 性病Tubal Ligation 输卵管结扎Laparoscope 腹腔镜Embryo 胚胎Ectopic Gestation 子宫外孕Primipara 初产妇Attitude of Fetus 胎儿体位Dead Detus in Uterus 胎死腹中Multipara 经产妇Parity 经产Placenta Previa 前置胎盘Postpartum 产後Postpartum hemorrhage 产後出血Toxemia of Pregnancy 妊娠毒血症Adolescence 青春期Basal Body Temperature 基础体温Cesarean Section 剖腹产Expected Date of Confinement 预产期Fallopian Tube 输卵管Forceps 产钳13Hydatidiform Mole 水囊状胎块Labor Pain 阵痛Painless Labor 无痛分娩Molding 胎头变形Normal Spontaneous Delivery 正常自然生产Papanicolaou Smear 子宫颈抹片检查Premature Rupture of Membrance 早期破水Progesterone 黄体素Stillbrith 死产Suture 缝合Stump 残物Withdrawal Bleeding 停经出血三、小儿科常用字汇Apnea 呼吸暂停Aplastic Anemia 再生不良性贫血Arterio Venous Malformation 动静脉畸形Bronchial Asthma 支气管性气喘Bronchitis 支气管炎Cephalopematoma 头血肿Erythema 红斑Hypospadia 尿道下裂Dehydration 脱水14Hydrocephalus 水脑Hydrocele 阴囊积水Polydactylia 多指畸形Pyoderma 脓皮症Sepsis 败血症Tonsillitis 扁桃腺炎Encephalitis 脑炎Gastroenteritis 肠胃炎Necrotizing Enterocolitis 坏死性小肠结肠炎Malignant 恶性的Congenital Malformation 先天性畸形Neonatal Asphyxia 新生儿窒息Cleft Palate 颚裂Diarrhea 腹泻Dental Caries 龋齿Facial Nerve Paralysis 颜面神经麻痹Hives Urticaria 蕈麻疹Torticollis 斜颈Vaccine 疫苗Incubator 保温箱Cleft lip 兔唇Chicken pox 水痘15Club foot 畸足Diphtheria 白喉Dengue fever 登革热Eczema 湿疹Congenital syphilis 先天性梅毒German Measles/Rubella 德国麻疹Giant baby 巨婴Gonorrhea 淋病Hepatitis B B 型肝炎Hand-foot-mouth disease 手足口病Jaundice 黄疸Mongolian spots 蒙古斑Mumps 腮腺炎Respiratory arrest 呼吸停止Roseola infantum 幼儿玫瑰疹Vomiting 呕吐四、精神科常用字汇Mental retardation 智能不足autism 自闭症dement 痴呆症alzheimers dementia 阿尔?海默式形痴呆症alcoholism 酒瘾16substances Intoxication 物质中毒alcohol Intoxication 酒精中毒amphetamine Intoxication 安非他命中毒schizophrenia 精神分裂病delusional Disorder 妄想性病患Major Depressive Disorder 重郁症疾患phobia 畏惧症obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 强迫性病患pedophilia 恋童癖exhibitionism 暴露狂Transvestic Fetishism 扮异性恋物癖Gender Identity Disorders 性别认同疾患Anorexia Nervosa 心因性厌食症Bulimia Nervosa 心因性暴食症临床症状blunted affect 感情迟钝silly Laughter 傻笑apathy 冷漠irritable 易怒的euphoria 欣快感depression 忧郁ambivalence 感情矛盾17Flat Affect 感情平淡suicide attempt 自杀企图queer behavior 怪异行为bizarre behavior 特异行为hypertalkative 多话hypotalkative 少话mutistic 不语hyperactivity 活动过多hypoactivity 活动过少compulsive behavior 强迫行为verbigeration 重复语言catelepsy 僵直negativism 阻抗行动Mannerism 作态行为destrctive behavior 破坏行为autistic thinking 自闭性思考poverty of speech 言语贫乏flight of ideas 意念飞跃loosening of association 思考连结松散illogical thinking 不合逻辑思考pressure speech 言语急迫thought blocking 思考中断18incoherent 语无伦次thought Withdrawal 思想退缩irrelevant 答非所问delusion 妄想delusion of persecution 被害妄想delusion of grandeur 夸大妄想Phobia 恐惧症acrophobia 惧高症algophobia 惧痛症sexual drive 性欲illusion 错觉hallucination 幻觉auditory hallucination 听幻觉disoreinatation 失去定向力amnesia 记忆丧失症confabulation 虚谈症orientation 定向力judgement 判断力derealization 失真感insight 病识感no insight 无病识感intellectual insight 理性的病识感19true emotional insight 真正具有情绪性病识感心理学名词free association 自由联想dream analysis 梦的解析ego 自我id 原我super ego 超我ego boundary 自我界限libido 原欲scapegoat 代罪羔羊internal conflict 内在冲突conscious 意识unconscious 潜意识preconscious 前意识transference 情感转移depersonalization 人格解体derealization 脱离现实neurosis 神经精神病Psychosis 神经病Pleasure Principle 享乐原则Reality Principle 现实原则Moral Principle 道德原则20Predisposing Factors 潜在因素Precipitating Factors 诱发因素Defense Mechanism 防卫机转compensation 补偿作用conversion 转化作用denial 否认作用displacement 转移作用dissociation 解离作用fantasy 幻想作用identification 认同作用introjection 内射作用projection 外射作用retionalization 合理化作用reaction formation 反向作用degression 退化作用repression 潜抑作用suppression 压抑作用restitution 归还作用sublimation 升华作用substitution 取代作用symbolism 象徵作用undoing 抵销作用21distortion 曲解作用isolation 隔离作用Cognitive behavioral Therapy 认知行为治疗Empathy 同理心Resistance 阻抗testing out behavior 试探行为self-awareness 自我了解separation anxiety 分离焦虑reinforcement 增强原则catharsis 情绪宣泄confrontation 面质listen 倾听restraint 约束physical restraint 身体的约束chemical 药物的约束五、各科常用缩写AAAD against-advice discharge 自动出院A abdomen 腹部ADL activities of daily life 日常生活活动A/G albumin/globulin ration 白蛋白/蛋球白比例AK above knee 膝上22B.BE below elbow 肘下BH body height 身高b.i.d twice a day 一日两次Bil bilateral 两侧的BK below knee 膝下BM bowel movement 肠蠕动BMR basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率BPH benign prostatic hypertrophy 良性摄护腺肥大BTI biliary tract infection 胆道感染BUS blood,urine,stool 血液,小便,大便BW body weight 体重C.Ca.Carcinoma 癌CBC complete blood count 全血球计数CBD common bile duct 总胆管CH cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血Chest P-A chest posterio-anterio 前後胸部CO cardiac output 心输出量CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术CPS chronic paranasal sinusitis 慢性鼻窦炎C/T chemotherapy 化学治疗法23CT cerebral thrombosis 脑栓塞CT Scan computerized axial tomography scan 电脑断层检查CVA cerebral vascular accident 脑血管意外CVP central venous pressure 中心静脉压D.DC discontinue 停止D&C dilatation and curettage 扩张及刮除术DM diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DPT diphtheria,pertussis,tetanus 白喉,百日咳,破伤风DU duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃伤E.ECG eletrocardiogram 心电图EEG electroecephalogram 脑电波图ENT ear,nose,throat 耳鼻喉F.FH family history 家族史FHS fetal heart sounds 胎心音FOU fever of unknown 不明原因发烧Fr fracture 骨折G.GB gall bladder 胆囊GI tract gastric intestinal tract 胃肠道24GSR general surgical routine 一般外科常规gtt.Drops 滴GU genitourinary 生殖泌尿的GYN gynecology 妇科学HHb hemoglobin 血色素HICH hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage 高血压性脑内出血h.s.at bedtime 睡前HT Hypertension 高血压Ht.(Hct.)Hematocrit 血球容积Hx History 病例IICP Intermittent catheterization program 间歇性导尿ICU Intensive care unit 加护病房ICT Intracerebral tumor 脑内肿瘤I&D Incision and drainage 切开及流IICP Increased intracranial pressure 增高胪内压Imp.Impression 臆断IM Intramuscular 肌肉内的I&O Intake and output 输入及排出IV Intravenous 静脉内的IVKO Intravenous keep open 静脉点滴维持通畅25JJej.Jejunum 空肠Jt.Joint 关节KKn.Knee 膝KUB Kidney,ureter,baldder 肾、输尿管及膀胱L.LFT liver function test 肝功能试验LLQ left lower quadrant 左下象限LMP last menstrual period 最後一次月经MMBD may be discharged 可出院MN midnight 午夜NNKA non known allergy 不明原因的过敏NP nothing particular 并无特别的NPC nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌NPO nothing by mouth 禁食O.OA osteo-arthritis 骨性关节炎OB occult blood 潜血OBS obstetrics 产科26OP operation 手术OPD outpatient department 门诊Ortho.Orthopaedic 骨科矫行的OS ocular sinistro 左眼OT occupational therapy 职能治疗OU Both eyes 双眼Pp.c.after meals 饭後PCT Penicillin test 盘尼西林测验PE Physical examination 身体检查PI Present illness 目前病况p.o.by mouth 由口PPU Perforated petic ulcer 穿孔性胃溃疡PT Physical therapy 物理治疗PTA Prior to admission 入院前PTN Parenteral total nutrition 肠道外的高营养QQ every 每一q.d.every day 每日q.h every hour 每小时q.i.d.four times a day 每日四次q.m.every morning 每日早晨27q.n.every night 每日晚间RRA rheumatoid a arthritis 类风湿性关节炎RBC red blood cell 红血球RN registered nurse 护理师R/O rule out 可能是RR recovery room 恢复室R/T radio-therapy test 放射治疗RUQ right upper quadrant 右上象限Rx take 取拿Medication 处方Treatment 治疗SSc.Subcutaneous 皮下的SOB short of breath 呼吸短促SP.g.r.specific gravity 比重S/P status/post operation 手术後s-s half 一半St(stat)immediately 立刻Staph.Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Tt.i.d.Three times a day 每日三次28TPR Temperature,pulse,respirations 体温、脉搏、呼吸TURP Trans-urethral resection of prostate 经尿道切除摄护腺UURI Upper respiratory infection 上呼吸道感染WWBC White blood cell 白血球White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零六、解剖式内外科常用字汇The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venisvessels 血管capillaries 微血管cardi 心脏arteriesblood clot 凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System 血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球29White blood cell 白血球Platelet 血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube 主支气管Alveoii 气泡Pharynx 咽Larynx 喉Trachea 气管Lung 肺Bronchioles 小支气管Pleura 胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips 唇teeth 牙齿tongue 舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum 十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum 回肠30appendix 阑尾small intestine 小肠large intestine 大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas 胰stomach 胃esophagus 食道pharynx 咽The Endocrine SystemGlands 腺体Adrenals 肾上腺Pancreas 胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes 睾丸The Nervous SystemBrain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra 脊椎31Cranium 颅腔Meninges 脑膜Nerves 神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle 锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex 皮质Urinary 膀胱Urethra 尿道Ureters 输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens 精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland 前列腺32scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis 阴茎urethra 尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve 听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities 鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid 眼睑Lens 晶球体Carnea 角膜Tear duct 泪管Conjunctiva 结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina 视网膜Sclera 巩膜Optic nerve 视神经33Obstetrics&Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube 输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus 子宫Vagina 阴道Vulva 女阴(外生殖器官)脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles 大脑脚infundibulum 漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带34ciliary process 捷状突retinal veins 网膜静脉retinal arteries 网膜动脉optic nerve 视神经anterior chamber 前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris 虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta 泪孔lacrimal canaliculi 泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow 眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals 半规管malleus 锤骨35vestibulocochlear nerve 前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines 犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess 齿槽突hard palate 硬颚palatine tonsil 颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜七、癌症相关单字1.gastric cancer 胃癌2.pancreatic cancer 胰脏癌3.colon cancer 结肠癌4.rectal cancer 直肠癌5.prostate cancer 摄护腺癌6.nasotharyngdal carcinona 鼻咽癌7.cervical cancer 子宫颈癌368.lung cancer 肺癌9.esophageal cancer 食道癌10.bladder cancer 膀胱癌11.laryngl caner 喉癌12.ovarian cancer 软巢癌13.liver cancer 肝癌14.skin cancer 皮肤癌15.breast cancer 乳癌16.leukemia 血癌17.bone cancer 骨癌18.brain tumor 脑癌19.heart disease 心脏病20.lymphoma 淋巴瘤八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school=nursing home 护理学校(nursing home)Private convalescencehospital 慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school)处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine=Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)37Internist=intern=intern 实习生(Internist=内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常 3 或 4 学生)Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse 护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse(R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor 督导护士Head nurse 护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士Practicing physician=physician in practice=practitioner 开业医生Ambulance=ambulatory 救护车(不限於车子 只要是搬运病人的船或飞机)Ambulant 可走动 不必卧床的病人Ambulantory patient 住院患者可走动(May ambulate,ambulatory,up ad lib,may walk)Malingerer 装病的人(malinger 装病)Paretic 麻痹患者Malpractice 诊疗错误Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房station 护理站38por 恢复室Patient 患者,病人Narcotic 麻醉药Nurse 护士Doctor 医生Internist 内科医生Surgeon 外科医生Dentist 牙科医生Gynecologist 妇科医生Orthopedist 骨科医生Oculist 眼科医生Pediatrician 小儿科医生Psychiatrist 精神病医生Intern 实习医生Examination table 诊疗台Clinic