2021年全国高考乙卷英语真题含答案.pdf

绝密启前河南省河南省 2 20 02 21 1 年普通等学校招全国统考试年普通等学校招全国统考试注意事项:1答卷前,考务必将的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，铅笔把答题卡上对应题的答案标号涂。如需改动，橡擦净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡并交回。第部第部分听力（共两节分听力（共两节,满分满分 3 30 0 分分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第节(共 5 题:每题1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下5 段对话。每段对话后有个题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读遍。例：Howm uch is the shirt?A.19.15.答案是 C。B.9.18.C.9.15.1.What is the man doing?A.Asking the way.B.Giving directions.C.Correcting a mistake.2.What dress size does the woman want?A.8.B.10.C.12.3.What is the woman likely to do?A.Make a phone call.B.Handle the problem.C.Have a rest.4.Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?A.The evening tour.B.The half-day tour.C.The full-day tour.5.Where are the speakers?A.At a canteen.B.At a clinic.C.At a bank.第节(共 15 题，每题1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下5 段对话或独。每段对话或独后有个题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独前，你将有时间阅读各个题，每题5 秒钟;听完后，各题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独读两遍。听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。6.What does the woman think of the match?A.Entertaining.B.Discouraging.C.Boring.7.What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon?A.Watch a game.B.Play tennis.C.Go to the cinema.听第 7 段材料,回答第 810 题。8.What does the man advise Mrs.White to do?A.Go on a diet.B.Do more exercise.C.Get enough sleep.9.Which can be included in Mrs.Whites breakfast?A.Eggs.B.Sausages.C.Porridge.10.What is the man?A.At eacher.B.Ap hysician.C.Ac hef.听第 8 段材料，回答第 1114 题。11.Howd oes Nancy look to Daniel?A.Confused.B.Excited.C.Anxious.12.Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play?A.To comfort Nancy.B.To express his regretC.To showh is pride.13.What is Nancy going to do next week?A.Take a school testB.Have a check-up.C.Go in for a competition.14.What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?A.Rewrite her lines.B.Drive her to the theatre.C.Help her with the practice.听第 9 段材料，回答第 1517 题。15.What was Prof.Stones grandfather afraid of?A.Leaving his home.B.Parting from his son.C.Taking early retirement.16.What does old age mean to many elderly Americans?A.Lack of moral support.B.Loss of self-worth.C.Change of living habits.17.What will Prof Stone talk about next concerning elderly people?A.Public services they ask for.B.Health care available to them.C.Contributions they can make.听第 10 段材料，回答第 1820 题。18.What does the speakers mother want her to be?A.Ac onfident person.B.Aw arm-hearted person.C.Ah umorous person.19.Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood?A.She often traveled by herselfB.Her family moved frequently.C.Her mother was busy working.20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?A.Importance of home schooling.B.Mother-daughter relationship.C.Ar ole model in her family.第部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第节（共15 题；每题2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A AT Th he e B Bi ig gg ge es st t S St ta ad di iu umsms i in n t th he e WoWor rl ld dPeople have been pouring intos tadiums since the days of ancient Greece.Inaround8A.Q.,theR omansb uilt theC olosseum,whichr emainst hew orldsbest knowns tadium arec ontinuest oi nform contemporaryd esign.RomesColosseum was1 57f eet tall andh ad8 0e ntrances,seating5 0,000p eople.However,that was small fry comparedw ith the citys Circus Maximus,whichaccommodated around 250,000 people.Thesed ays,safetyr egulations-not tome ntiont hem oderns portsf ansdesire foragood view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadiumcapacities（容量）slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each;gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiums in the world,we have used data supplied by theWorldA tlas list sof ar,which ranks them by their statedp ermanent capacity,as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All theses tadiumsa res till functional,still opena nds till hostingt hebiggest events in world sport.R Ru un ng gr ra ad do1o1 s st t o of f MMa ay y S St ta ad di iu umm,Pyongyang,D.P.R-Korea.Capacity.150,000.Opened.May 1,1989.MMi ic ch hi ig ga anSnS t ta ad di iu umm,AnnA rbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened.October 1,1927.B Be ea av ve er r S St ta ad di iu umm,State College,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September 17,I960.O Oh hi ioSoS t ta ad di iu um,m,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October 7,1922.K Ky yl le eF Fi ie el ld d,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September 24,1927.21.Howma ny people could the Circus Maximus hold?A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About 150,000.D.About 250,000.22.Of the following stadiums,which is the oldest?A.Michigan Stadium.B.Beaver Stadium.C.Ohio Stadium.D.Kyle Field.23.What do the listed stadiums have in common?A.They host big games.B.They have become tourist attractionsC.They were built by Americans.D.They are favored by architectsBWhena lmost everyoneh asamobilep hone,why aremo ret hanh alf ofAustralian homes still paying for a landline(座机)These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the ageof 15w hod oesnt ownam obilep hone.Inf act plenty of younger kidsh aveone in their pocket.Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere,anytime.Still,55p ercent of Australiansh aveal andlinep honea t homea ndo nlyjust over aq uarter（29%）rely only ont heir smartphones,accordingt oasurvey（调查）.Of those Australians who still have a landline,a third concedethat its not really necessary andt heyre keepingi t as as ecurity blanket-19percent sayt heyn ever usei t whileafurther 13p ercent keepi t inc aseo femergencies.I think my home falls into that category.Moret hanh alf of Australianh omes ares till choosingt os tick witht heirhome phone.Age is naturally a factor（因素）-only 58 percent of GenerationYs still use landlines nowa nd then,compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomerswhovep erhaps hadt hes ameh omen umber for 50y ears.Agei snt theo nlyfactor;Id say its also to do with the makeup of your household.GenerationX ersw ithy oungf amilies,likemy wifea ndI,cans till findi tconvenient toh aveah omep honer ather thanp rovidingam obilep honef orevery family member.That said,tob eh onest theo nly peoplew hoe ver ringour home phone are our Baby Boomers parents,to the point where we play agame and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller IDwould take the fun out of it）.Howa ttached are you to your landline?Howl ong until they go the way ofgas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?24.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?A.Their target users.B.Their wide popularity.C.Their major functions.D.Their complex design.25.What does the underlined word concede in paragraph 3 mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.26.What can we say about Baby Boomers?A.They like smartphone games.B.They enjoy guessing callers identity.C.They keep using landline phones.D.They are attached to their family.27.What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A.It remains a family necessity.B.It will fall out of use some day.C.It may increase daily expenses.D.It is as important as the gas light.CYouve heard that plastic is polluting the oceansbetween 4.8 and 12.7million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic strawor cup really make a difference?Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to knowthat it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage,foreingviewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year,the artist built a piece called“Strawpocalypse,”a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves,frozen mid-crash.Made of 168,000 plasticstraws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups,the sculpture madeits first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam.Just 9%o f global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by nomeans the biggest source(来源)of plastic pollution,but theyve recently comeunder fire because most people dont need them to drink with and,because oftheir small size and weight,they cannot be recycled.Every strawt hat s part ofVon Wongs artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only afewmi nutes.Once the drink is gone,the straww ill take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018,Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明)a specificstatistic:Every 60 seconds,a truckloads worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work,titled Truckload of Plastic,Von Wong and a group ofvolunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic,which were then tiedtogether to look like theyd been dumped(倾倒)from a truck all at once.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies toreduce their plastic footprint.28.What are Von Wongs artworks intended for?A.Beautifying the city he lives in.B.Introducing eco-friendly products.C.Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D.Reducing garbage on the beach.29.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A.To showt he difficulty of their recycling.B.To explain why they are useful.C.To voice his views on modern art.D.To find a substitute for them.30.What effect would Truckload of Plastic have on viewers?A.Calming.B.DisturbingCR efreshingD.Challenging.31.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Artists Opinions on Plastic SafetyB.Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC.Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD.Ocean Plastics Transformed into SculpturesDDuring an interviewf or one of my books,my interviewer said something Istill think about often.Annoyed by the level of distraction(扰)in his openoffice,he said,“Thats why I have a membership at the coworking spaceacross the street so I can focus.His comment struck me as strange.Afterall,coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局).But Irecently came across a study that shows why his approach worksThe researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as theycompleted tests of creative thinking.They were randomly divided into fourgroups and exposed to various noise levels in the background,from totalsilence to 50 decibels(分),70 decibels,and 85 decibels.The differencesbetween most of the groups were statistically insignificant;however,theparticipants in the 70 decibels groupthose exposed to a level of noisesimilar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed theother groups.Since the effects were small,this may suggest that our creativethinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibelsof background noise.But since the results at 70 decibels were significant,the study alsosuggests that the right level of background noisenot too loud and not totalsilencemay actually improve ones creative thinking ability.The right level ofbackground noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enoughto allowo ur imaginations to wander,without making it impossible to focus.This kind of distracted focus appears to be the best state for working oncreative tasks.So why do so many of us hate our open offices?The problem may be that,in our offices,we cant stop ourselves from getting drawn into othersconversations while were trying to focus.Indeed,the researchers found thatface-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process,andyet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise whilealso providing freedom from interruptions.32.Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?A.It helps him concentrate.B.It blocks out background noise.C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.D.It encourages face-to-face interactions.33.Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?A.Total silence.B.50 decibels.C.70 decibels.D.85 decibels.34.What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?A.Personal privacy unprotected.B.Limited working space.C.Restrictions on group discussion.D.Constant interruptions.35.What can we infer about the author from the text?A.Hes a news reporter.B.Hes on office manager.C.Hes a professional designer.D.Hes a published writer.第节（共5 题；每题2 分，满分 10 分）根据短内容，从短后的选项中选出能填空处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Accordingt oJ essicaH agy,author of How toB eI nteresting,itsn otdifficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party._36_,if youre out of your comfort zone or if youre wanderingi ntosomebodys house for the first time.So the main thing is just to showu p andbe adventurous,trying different foods and talking to strangers.Peoplel ovet ot alka bout themselves.If youc ans tart thec onversationwith a question other than“What do you do for a living?,youll be able to get alot morei nterestingc onversationo ut of whomever it isy ouret alkingt o._37_ _.it can bringi n I have this old,broken-down vehicle or I rode thebus witht hesec razy peoplew how erel aughinga t silly jokes int heb ack.Itjust opens up conversation._38_?I f youc ant taket heir winea way,yous houldc ertainlyt ry totake away their soapbox（讲台）.If youre the host,you can ask them to helpyou in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation._39_Andw hat about that other dinner-partyk iller:awkwards ilence?I f yourefacedw itha na wkwards ilencea t ad inner party,theo nly thingt hat alwaysgets everyone talkinga gaini s tog ive the host a compliment(赞扬)._40_.Just quicklyt una rounda nds ay,Thisc akei se xtremelyd eliciousa ndy ouhave to tell me all about it.”So being interesting at a dinner party isnt that hard.A.Howd o you knowt he hostB.The first step is to go exploringC.If you ask the question Howd id you get here?,D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangersE.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to sayF.What about that personw hoh ash adt oom ucht od rinko r wont stoptalkingG.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness themost第三部分 语知识运（共两节，满分45 分）第节（共20 题，每题1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下短，从短后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填空处的最佳选项。Simply sayingt hanky oud oesnt seem enoughi nc ertains ituations.I wasconsideringt hisw hilew orkinga sa_41_J ust af ew weeksa go.Andi tcame to me then howm uch easier it would be if we had a range of words thatexpress different _42_ of gratitude(感谢).My thoughts were soon _43_.Wehad a woman patientw ho was_44_ from a knee replacement operation.One afternoon,while _45_toget into bed she collapsed(倒下)from what was_46_d iscovered tobeaheart attack.Thec ollapsew asd isastrous,_47_t hee mergencymedical team andg oodt eamwork.But sher ecovered,though_ _48_,andwas ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks.Shew as _49_ for everythingt hat them edical andn ursingt eam haddonef or her.Onh er dayo f discharge,wes haredi nh er _50_a t herrecovery.As she was _51_ she was eager tos ay_52_ toe ach of usint hen ursingt eam.Whens he_ _53_ onen urse,shet riedt op ressafive-pound note into her hand.My colleague _54_ to accept it,saying thatwe were allj ust_ _55_ our job.T he patientl ooked puzzled,a ndthen_56_:Oh this isnt for the _57_ I had.I take that as a _58_.No,this is for setting my hair yesterday.Andt herey ouh avei t.Tom any people,_59_livesi sp art of thej obbut styling hair is an _60_ and should be rewarded.41.A.cleaner42.A.gradesB.chemistB.meaningsC.nurseC.needsD.doctorD.expectations43.A.brushed asideB.put to the testD.taken into accountC.retiringD.C.brought