2020北京朝阳高三一模英语试题及答案.pdf
2020 北京朝阳高三一模英语 2020.5（考试时间100 分钟满分120 分)本试卷共 11页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，第一部分：知识运用（共两节，4545分分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题 1.5分,共 15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A AWith our graduation day around the corner,I was busy preparing presents for my friends.Asusual,I walked into the classroom,only1 (find)a big box standing there.Approaching,I saw my name2(write)on it.I was quite shocked when the box3(open)and I saw“myself”,a vividstatue,sitting inside smiling up at me.I was at a complete loss for words.It was the most unique,unconventional present in my life.B BAnalysis finds Earths magnetic(有磁性的)field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago,asearly life arose.Scientists think that having a magnetic field4 (make)Earth more friendly to life.The field,5is generated by liquid iron moving about in theplanets core,protects Earth6energeticparticles(粒子)flowing from the Sun.It helps the planet hold on to itsatmosphere and maintainliquid water on its surface.C CDo you have a mentor(导师)helping you make decisions in your life?If you do,then you are a verylucky person.7 if not,then read the bookTuesdays with Morrie.It tells the true story of the author,Mitch Albom,and his dying former professor,Morrie Schwartz.1 1/16168 you read this book,you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from LouGehrigs disease.When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday,the 78-year-old professor shares words of9(wise)about love,life,communication,values,and openness with his former student.As a beautifultale 10 (deliver)many powerful lessons about life,this book should be high oneveryones reading list.第二节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。GiddasGiddas Team TeamThe door closed behind Malik,making Mama look up from the hot meal.“Just in time for dinner.Will you 11Gidda,please?”Gidda was staying in Maliks bedroom.He didnt 12 giving up his room for his 82-year-oldgrandmother at first.But then she didnt leave.Malik13over her suitcase on the floor.“Sorry,”Gidda said.“Im just a nuisance(讨厌的人)here.Im 14.”Malik didnt answer as he helped her up fromher chair.At dinner,Mama asked Malik,“Hows your15with the coach?”Malik was captain of school soccer team,and he had to discuss a fundraiser with the coach.Theydhave to raise hundreds of dollars to 16their old shirts,and that seemed unlikely unless Malik came upwith a(n)17plan.Unwillingly,Malik said,“Its just team stuff.”Changing the 18 ,Malik turned to Gidda.“Do youwant to go sit outsideafter dinner?”Gidda agreed.In the soft warmth of the evening,Gidda settled herself beneath the enormous fig(无花果)tree.“Feels like home,”she said.But Malik 19,“It drops figs everywhere.”Right then,a figlanded on his head.Gidda laughed,picked it up,and took a20 .“Perfect.Pick me a bunch.Ill make figcakes.”The next morning,Malik found Gidda making fig cakes in the kitchen.She offered him one.Malik,hoping it wasnt too awful,put it in his mouth.His eyes 21as he chewed.It was delicious.He eyed thetree in the backyard.How many fig cakes could it22?Malik grabbed his phone and started 23 in a rush of excitement.An hour later,most of thesoccer team gathered in the kitchen,and ate up fig cakes.“Giddas Fabulous(极好的)Fig Cakes!”Malik said.“Well24them!Gidda said they were easy to2 2/1616make;shell 25us how.”At dinner that night,Gidda shared their plan with Mama,smiling 26as she repeated the titleMalik gave on her,“TeamGrandmother.”The next day,the kitchen was full of 27 .Walking slowly among the excited boys,Gidda taughtthem to make fig cakes.Soon the fig cakes piled up.As Malik28,Giddas Fabulous Fig Cakes were a huge hit and they were quickly sold out.29arrived just in time for the opening game,Coach Garcia invited30to show off herWhen the newGidda to watch.She arrived early,and waved at Malik.Then she turnedshirt.On the back were the wordsTeam Grandmother.11Awatch12Aallow13Alooked14Auseless15Atraining16Abuy17Abrilliant18Aplan19Arepeated20Apicture21Awidened22Aproduce23Arunning24Apresent25AprepareBfetchBenjoyBhandedBunluckyBappointmentBreplaceBrandomBattitudeBreportedBtestBmovedBdonateBtextingBsendBshowCvisitCconsiderCtrippedCscaredCnegotiationCironCoriginalCsubjectCexplainedCbiteCfocusedCdeliverCshoutingCsellCchoose3 3/1616DserveDmindDturnedDnervousDmeetingDabandonDpersonalDwayDcomplainedDbreakDopenedDexchangeDthinkingDreserveDwrite26Aproudly27Atension28Apromised29Asocks30AbackBpolitelyBhopeBpredictedBbootsBawayCshylyCpraiseCannouncedCuniformsCdownDbitterlyDenergyDidentifiedDglovesDaround第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，4040分分）第一节（共15 小题；每小题2 分，共30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。A AMusic for LifeMusic for Life Learning music is important for the educational andpersonal development of young people!Learning an instrument:how do pupils choose?Learning an instrument:how do pupils choose?All our teachers are highly qualified and experienced musicians,and pupils can learn to play a wide range of instruments,from the keyboard to the drums(鼓).We haveopen days when new pupils who are unsure which instrument to choose can come to the centre.Theyare able to speak to teachers about which instrument might be best for them,and theycan also see and hearclasses in action.Who is responsible for buying the instruments?Who is responsible for buying the instruments?Parents usually have to provide instruments.But parents of beginners are advised not to buy an instrumentuntil they are told that a place is available.They should also find out from the teacherthe most suitabletype of instrument to get.When and where do lessons take place?When and where do lessons take place?Lessons are available in many schools,usually during the day.If there is no lesson available for aparticularinstrument in a particular school,other arrangements can be made at one of our music centres for lessonson Saturday afternoons or weekday evenings.4 4/1616How are pupils taught?How are pupils taught?Pupils can learn in small groups,in classes or individually,depending on their needs.Small groupsof threepupils have lessons that last thirty minutes.Class lessons last forty-five minutes and haveat least ten pupils.Individual lessons are offered only to pupils who have some experience.Starting young:when can pupils begin?Starting young:when can pupils begin?Children are never too young to become interested in music.We have special“Musical Youth”classesfor children from the age of 3 to 8.These are designed to encourage young children to enjoy musicthrough a variety of activities including singing,musical games,listening andmovement.“Musical Youth”classes take place on Saturday mornings with groups of about 18 children.A parent or other adult mustattend each session,and they are encouraged to sit with their children and help them with the activities.31.What can we learn from the passage?A.New pupils can see classes on an open day.B.Pupils can learn special instruments on Sundays.C.Parents must accompany pupils during the learning process.D.Teachers at the centre can provide the right instruments for pupils.32.What is the best choice for children with some experience?A.Lessons for groups of ten.C.Lessons for small groups of three.33.The passage is intended for _.A.teachersB.parentsC.musiciansB BNenad Sestan was working in his office one afternoon in 2016,when he heard his lab memberswhispering with excitement over a microscope.He realized something beyond their expectations washappening.The researchers,at Yale School of Medicine in New Haven,Connecticut,had found electricalactivityin brains taken from dead pigs.With that shocking result,Sestan realized what had started as a side projectto find ways to better preserve brain tissue for research had changed into a discovery that could redefineour understanding of life and death.5 5/1616B.Individual lessons.D.Special“MusicalYouth”classes.D.pupilsThe excitement soon turned to concern,when the researchers thought they saw widespread,consistentelectrical activity which can indicate consciousness(意识).Sestan brought in aneurologist,whodetermined the readout was actually an error,but the possibility had frightenedthem.Sestan kept his cool and immediately did two things:he shut down the experiment and contactedthe US National Institutes of Health(NIH),as well as a Yale bioethicist(生物伦理学家).Over the next fewmonths,experts discussed the potential ethical implications,such as whether thebrains could becomeconscious and whether physicians needed to reconsider the definition of brain death.They submitted the work to Nature.But before the final paper was published,Sestan metsharpcriticism from the press.Some even suggested that the researchers were engineering immortality(永生),ormaintaining a room full of living brains in jars.Neither he nor his team wanted to discuss the resultsuntil the paper was out,but as their inboxes filled with concerns and anger from animal rights activists andfuturists,Sestan became depressed.He felt all they could do,however,was to hold off on correcting publicmisunderstandings until the expert review process had run its course.Since the paper was published in April,2019,the team has been so busy fielding questionsfrom themedia and scientists that it hasnt performed any further experiments.Sestan wants tofocus on hisoriginal questions and explore how long the brains can be maintained and whether thetechnology canpreserve other organs.“We want to get outside opinion before we doanything,”Sestan says.“When you explore unchartedterritory,you have to be extremelythoughtful.”34.What happened in the lab at Yale School of Medicine in 2016?A.A better method was found to maintain brain tissue.B.Researchers discovered how to redefine brain death.C.Brains from dead pigs were accidentally discovered alive.D.Researchers arrived at the expected results of the experiment.35.Why did Nenad Sestan stop the experiment?A.He needed assistance with the final paper.B.He spotted a major mistake in the final result.C.He was frightened by the possibility of failure.D.He was concerned about the related moral issues.6 6/161636.What was peoples reaction towards NenadSestans experiment?A.The press were strongly opposed to the experiment.B.Some people supported the research on immortality.C.Nobody wanted to discuss the final result in advance.D.The public took a positive attitude towards the experiment.37.How could we best describe Nenad Sestan?A.Responsible and reliable.C.Determined and inspiring.B.Cooperative and creative.D.Professional and cautious.C CA butterflys wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insecthigh up in theair.They may be used to attract mates,or to warn potential attackers to stay away.Allof these roles,though,depend on their unchanging colouration.This plays into theidea that butterfly wings are dead tissue,like a birds feathers.In fact,thats not true.For example,in some species males wings have special cells releasing some chemicals which attractfemales.Nanfang Yu,a physicist at Columbia University,in New York,has been looking into the matter.Together with Naomi Pierce,a butterfly specialist at Harvard University,he has now shown,in a paperpublished in Nature Communications in February,2020,that butterfly wings are,indeed,very much alive.In their experiments,the two researchers used a laser(激光)to heat up spots on the wings of dozensof butterfly species.When the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40C or so,the insectsresponded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further.These actionsincluded a butterfly turning around to minimize its profile to the laser,moving itswings up and down orsimply walking away.Butterflies engaged in all of these heat-minimising activities even when the researchersblindfolded them.That suggested the relevant sensors were on the wings themselves.Dr Yu andDr Piercetherefore searched those wings for likely looking sensory cells.They found some,in the form of neurons(神经元)that were similar to heat detectors known from other insects.They alsouncovered disc-shaped cellsthat appeared to be similar to pressure-sensitive neurons.They guess that these are there to detectdeformation of the winginformation an insect could use to control its flight pattern.The third discovery they made to contradict the“dead wing”idea was that some butterflywings7 7/1616have a heartbeat.Abutterflys wings have veins(静脉).These carry a bloodlike liquid which,researchershave now found in males,shows a pulse(脉搏)of several dozen beats per minute.The source of this pulseappears to be the scent(气味)pad,a dark spot on the wings that produces thefemale-attracting chemicals.Apparently,this“wing heart”acts as a pump that helps bloodlikeliquid through the scent pad.In all their experiments simulating different environmental conditions,Dr Yu and Dr Pierceconsistently found that,different parts of the wing are covered by different sorts of scales(鳞屑).Inparticular,tubes pass through scales over the scent pads.This improves their ability to spread heat away andhelps keep the living parts of abutterflys wings alive.38.A birds feathers are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to.A.introduce the latest research findings on a birdB.highlight the special feature of abirds feathersC.show common knowledge about butterfly wingsD.stress the difference between a butterfly and a bird39.What can we learn from Dr Yu and DrPierces experiments?A.Butterfly wings are complicated living organs.B.Butterfly wings have little reaction to external heat.C.The scent pads on some male butterfly wings are their hearts.D.Heat-minimising activities help detect deformation of the wings.40.What is the function of scales over the scent pads?A.Attracting mates.C.Covering powerful tubes.B.Increasing blood flow.D.Producing the cooling effect.41.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Seeing Is BelievingC.Nothing Seek,Nothing FindB.More Than Meets The EyeD.Fine Feathers Make Fine BirdsD D8 8/1616Fact or Fiction?Fact or Fiction?Non-fiction can be broken down into many categories.One category is literary non-fiction,which isstill based in fact but employs some of the storytelling elements that fiction uses.Literary non-fictionincludes a type of autobiography(自传)called memoir.Memoir most often focuses on a certain period ofthe authors life.It is,by definition,rooted in truth.Still,people sometimes question whether memoirshould be categorized as non-fiction at all.As non-fiction,memoir is intended to be factual.Is this really the case,though,consideringmemoirrelies on human memory?One classic study,led by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus,showed how easily aninterviewers choice of wording can influence an eyewitnesss account of a traffic accident.It is thereforereasonable to wonder whether memoir should continue to be branded as non-fiction.Certainly,human memory can be unreliable.However,a memoir author is undoubtedly writingabout significant and impactful life events.Memories of such events are actually morereliable than others.Studies
