高考英语总复习语法填空专练 第2练.docx

高考英语总复习语法填空专练 第2练1.    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In the early 19th century, an outbreak of cholera hit Europe. No one knew how to prevent or treat it. John Snow, a British doctor, felt _(frustrate). But he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and _ all. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread, and Snow subscribed to the second theory that cholera _ (cause) by an infection from germs in food or water. It was correct, but abundant _ (prove) was still needed. He was determined to find out why.    Snow began by _ (mark) on a map the exact places _ all those who died had lived. Snow doubted if the water pump was _ (blame). At last, John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump _ (remove). Through his intervene, the disease was stopped in its tracks. _ (fortunate), we now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, Snow transformed the way scientists studied diseases. For this reason, Snow is considered _ father of modern epidemiology.2.    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Two rare volumes of an ancient Chinese encyclopedia were sold for more than 8 million ($9 million) at auction Tuesday, more than 1,000 times the _ (estimate) price. The encyclopedia, known as the Yongle Dadian, was _ (original) commissioned by the Yongle Emperor, the third ruler of the Ming Dynasty, who reigned (统治) from 1402 to 1424. More than 2 , 000 scholars worked _ the encyclopedia between 1404 and 1408, according to a press release from Beaussant Lefèvre, the Paris-based auction house that made the sale.    The Yongle Dadian is the largest encyclopedia in the world, and originally consisted of 22,877 _ (chapter). In 1562, the Jiajing Emperor, the 11th Ming ruler, _ (order) two copies of the encyclopedia to be made, but the original _ (lose) due to the many wars, thefts and fires that occurred under the Ming Dynasty (13681644), the auction house said. _ the two volumes sold Tuesday are copies, they are extremely rare, with only 400 known volumes, or 4% of the original encyclopedia, left in _ (exist), according to Beaussant Lefèvre.    The books, _ measure 20 inches by 12 inches, were written in red and black ink on paper. While _ (print) techniques had been developed at the time, the encyclopedia was written by hand due to its length.3.    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was late afternoon _ our car stopped in front of a school in Shuanggou, Jiangsu Province. I had been selected _ (head) out to this disadvantaged school. I had been looking _ (excite) to the opportunity to do some volunteering in China. As _ matter of fact, once the two-day visit was done, my co-worker and I were thinking about another trip here in the future.    Greeted by smiling teachers and directors, then we _ (direct) to a guest room for a rest. There were five of us here, _ (include) two girls from Canada and one from Sri Lanka.    The _ (wonder) thing about the kids is that they don't let poverty keep them down. They were all smiling upon seeing us. Some boys grabbed my hand at once to shake it. Girls stood back and took photos of the _ (foreign) as they pushed through a sea of screaming kids.    It's a tiring experience but we gained a great deal of _ (satisfy) from it. Whether we were in class or kicking a ball around with 300 of our closest friends, we were moved by just how eager these kids were to have access _ a stranger for a few short hours.4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Stephen Currys grandfather built a simple basket by _(attach) a piece of plastic to a telephone pole. Stephen spent many childhood hours playing on this _ (mud) basketball court. It was where he learnt to be creative and flexible as a player._ (know) where the ball would go wasnt easy in those poor conditions. He had to adjust his own playing style as a result. Shooting with great accuracy _ another thing he learnt. Practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.Many people didnt think he would be a successful basketball player, _ he never gave up. His creativity and _ (persevere) made him Davidsons star player. _ (select) for the NBA in 2009, he performed _ everyones expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts. Stephen won his first NBA championship in 2015.After receiving the Most Valuable Player award for two years in _ row, Stephen explained his philosophy. In his opinion, _ he wanted to do was just be himself. What he did was to work every single day to get better. At the same time, what others thought of him didnt influence what he became.5. 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    On every continent, wildlife habitats of all kinds are threatened with development and _(construct), but perhaps none stand at greater risk than coastline ecosystems.    Last month in Scotland one of the last remaining dune(沙丘) ecosystems of its kind in the entire country _ (save) from an attempt to turn the unique sandy shore into a golf course. The wetlands area known as Coul Links is a Ramsar site _ (recognize) by UNESCO. After four years of campaigning by _ (citizen) and wildlife groups to preserve the coastline, Scottish ministers made their decision this week, _ (refuse) to allow the development to continue. The Scottish Wildlife Trust cheered the news and they believed that the decision was surely _ (benefit) to all people.    "Today's decision demonstrates that individuals can make a real difference by taking the time to stand up _ nature," commented the Scottish Wildlife Trust's Chief Executive Jo Pike. "Saving Coul Links from development is a strong sign _ the Scottish government is devoted to protecting Scotland's fantastic natural environment," she added.    The East Sutherland site is _ important stopover location for many rare bird species. _ (fortunate), the government is willing to support the wild places of Scotland and their admirers.6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When was the last time you used a phone booth on the street? _ the rise of mobile phones, they have become out of date. But Shanghai is trying to bring new life to the old phone booths by turning _(they) into mini-libraries.Shanghai plans _(divide) 263 phone booths in Xuhui District into six new _(type). One type will offer books for people to read and another will provide audiobooks (有声书).Shanghai is not the only city _is trying to save the old phone booths. The British care about them even more, since red phone booths have long been _part of the countrys symbol. The worlds first phone booth _(build) in Germany was in the 1880s. But in the 1930s the UK painted them red, making them a special _(attract) in cities.In recent years the country _ (come) up with many ideas to make phone booths continue to be_ (help). The UK company British Telecom has added screens and free WiFi to some booths.Maybe in the future phone booths will become city attractions once again, but in a more creative way.7.    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Happiness is like a small stone _(drop) into a pool to cause a circle of ripples.  _ Stevenson has said, being happy is a duty. There is no exact definition of the word "happiness". Happy people are happy _ all sorts of reasons. The key is not wealth or physical well-being, since we find _ (home) people, disabled people and so-called losers are extremely happy.    Being happy is a sort of unexpected gain. But staying happy is _ accomplishment, a success of soul and character. Actually it is not selfish to strive for it. It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and others.    Being unhappy is like an infectious disease. It causes people _ (stay) away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone. There is, however, a cure for it: if you don't feel happy, pretend to be.    It works. Before long you will find that instead of repelling people, you attract them. You will discover _ deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will. Then the make-believe becomes a _ (real). You become really happy.    Being happy, once it is recognized as a duty and develops into a habit, _ (open) doors into amazing gardens which are full of _ (thank)friends.8.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。    "An apple a day keeps the doctor away". _(similar), if we drink a little more water every day, we may find that we need to go to the doctor a lot _(little) often. A healthy diet is made up of water and _ large number of different kinds of foods. We know that healthy foods _ fruit, vegetables and fish are important as they provide us with energy and fiber, without giving us too much fat and sugar.    But why is water important? The human body needs water _(survive). Water is important as it _(carry) poisons and waste out of our bodies. Some doctors believe that water is important for our health in all kinds of ways. They believe that a great many _(ill) and health problems are a result of a lack of water in the body. _ is surprising to learn that _ we feel thirsty, we are already in the first stage of dehydration(脱水). In fact, we _(advise) to drink water before we feel thirsty.9.   阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A CCTV journalist succeeded in arousing a heated discussion among netizens by asking people whether they were happy. The responses _ the question were various, even some quite funny ones included. Although people _ (play) jokes on the answers, it did not take long _ they began to figure out the true meaning of happiness.    It is certain that people's views on happiness _ (affect) greatly by their own life experience. Unfortunately, too many people refer to being rich as happiness and there is no sign of a decrease in the number of those who are voluntarily at the mercy of wealth. Some people whose _ (intend) is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to increase their income, believing that is _ their happiness lies. Some are eager to inherit their parents property, especially those _ are known as silver-spoon kids. Even worse, some would rather break the law _ (satisfy) their financial desire or seek their fortune _ (legal).     In my opinion, happiness is not about _ (pursue) wealth but about admiring the beautiful things in life. Therefore, live your life to the fullest and be happy.10.    阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In the l880s, the first automobile (汽车) was developed, and about two decades later, the Wright brothers in North Carolina invented the first successful airplane. Today, the world is closer to _(combine) those two concepts because a Japanese tech company said it completed a manned test flight of a "flying car".    The company, SkyDrive, said in a news release Friday that it had completed a flight test using "the world's first manned tested machine", an electrical vertical(垂直的) takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicle, and _ the flight time was four minutes. The aircraft had one seat and _ (operate) with eight motors and two propellers (螺旋桨) on each comer. It lifted about 10 feet _ the air and was operated by a pilot, the company said.    Tomohiro Fukuzawa, SkyDrive's chief executive, said that five years ago there _ (be) various prototypes of flying cars, usually with fixed wings. SkyDrive's product, he said, was one of the most compact in size and was _ (light),compared with other designs.    _ (safe) is one of two challenges preventing the technology from becoming _ (wide) used, said Derya Aksaray, _ assistant professor of aerospace engineering and mechanics at the University of Minnesota. Safe autonomous technology for eVTOL aircrafts is still being developed, Aksaray said.    The other challenge is design: The vehicles should be powerful enough _ (carry) any necessary weight, yet quiet enough to fly at undetermined low altitudes, she said.答案以及解析1.答案：frustrated; for; was caused; proof; marking; where; to blame; removed; Fortunately; the解析：本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要介绍了John Snow医生击败霍乱的故事。之后人们根据他的方法,进行了有效的预防。 考查形容词,句意:英国医生John Snow感到很沮丧。此处为表语,表示人的感受,故填frustrated。考查固定短语。句意:但他从未失去彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。固定短语once and for all“彻底地,一劳永逸地”,故填for。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:总的来说,当时的医生有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的,Snow支持第二种理论,即霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。根据subscribed可知用一般过去时,主语cholera和cause为被动关系.故填was caused。考查名词。句意:这是正确的,但还需要充足的证据。abundant为形容词,修饰名词,故填proof。考查非谓语动词。句意:Snow开始在地图上标出所有死者居住过的确切地点。by为介词,后面需加动名词作宾语。故填marking。考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,修饰地点,故填where。考查固定用法。句意:Snow怀疑水泵是不是罪魁祸首。be to blame“应该负责,该受资备”,故填to blame。 考查非谓语动词。句意:因此,他请人把水泵的把手取了下来。have sth. done“请某人做某事”,故填removed。考查副词。句意:幸运的是,多亏了John Snow的工作,我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。空处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Fortunately。 考查冠词。句意:因此,Snow被认为是现代流行病学之父。此处表示特指,故填the。2.答案：estimated; originally; on; chapters; ordered; was lost; Although; existence; which; printing解析：本文是一篇新闻报道,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要介绍了百科全书永乐大典的相关信息。在周二的巴黎拍卖行Beaussant Lefèvre拍卖会上,一本罕见的中国古代百科全书的两册抄本以超过800万欧元(900万美元)的价格成交,是预估价的1000多倍。 考查非谓语动词。句意:在周二的拍卖会上,两册罕见的中国古代百科全书以超过800万欧元(900万美元)的价格成交,是预估价的1000多倍。estimate与price构成逻辑上的被动关系,故填estimated。考查副词。句意:这部百科全书被称为永乐大典,最初是由明朝第三位统治者永乐皇帝委托制作的,他在位时间为1402年至1424年。此处要用副词修饰动词,故填originally。考查介词。句意:此次拍卖的巴黎拍卖行Beaussant Lefèvre发布的新闻稿称,在1404年至1408年间,有2,000多名学者参与了这本百科全书的编纂工作。短语work on“从事”,故填on。考查名词复数句意:永乐大典是世界上最大的百科全书,最初共有22,877章。chapter是可数名词,故填chapters。考查动词的时态。句意:拍卖行称,1562年,明朝第11任统治者嘉靖皇帝下令制作两册百科全书,但由于明朝(1368-1644年)期间发生的多次战争、盗窃和火灾,原件已丢失。由In 1562可知时态是一般过去时,故填ordered。考查动词的时态和语态。由上文可知时态是一般过去时,主语the original与lose之间是被动关系,故填was lost。考查连词。句意:尽管周二售出的两册都是抄本,但它们极其罕见,Beaussant Lefèvre称,目前已知的百科全书只有400卷,占原始百科全书的4%。根据句意,此处与下文之间是让步关系,故填Although。考查名词。短语in existence“现有,存在”,故填existence。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意:这些书长20英寸,宽12英寸,用红、黑墨水写在纸上。此空是一个非限制性定语从句的引导词,先行词为物,故填which。考查名词。句意:虽然印刷术在当时已经发展起来,但由于百科全书的长度,它是手写的。名词短语printing techniques“印刷技术”。故填printing。3.答案：when ; to head ; excitedly ; a; were directed; including ; wonderful ; foreigners ; satisfaction; to解析：本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要记叙了作者和另外几个外国人一起来到一所贫困学校支教,这次志愿者活动给作者留下了深刻印象。 考查状语从句。句意:下午晚些时候,我们的车停在江苏省双沟的一所学校前。考查非谓语动词。句意:我被选中前往这所贫困的学校。