2019年高考英语全国卷I及答案.pdf

2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷 I)英 语注意事项：注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分第一部分 听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 3030 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节第一节(共共 5 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 7.57.5 分分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.Where does this conversation take place?A.In a classroom.B.In a hospital.C.In a museum.2.What does Jack want to do?A.Take fitness classes.B.Buy a pair of gym shoes.C.Change his work schedule.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.What to drink.B.Where to meet.C.When to leave.4.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Colleges.B.Classmates.C.Strangers.5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?A.She might want a ticket.B.She is looking for the man.C.She has an extra ticket.第二节第二节(共共 1515 小题，每小题小题，每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 22.522.5 分分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.How long did James run his business?A.10 years.B.13years.C.15 years.7.How does the woman feel about James situation?A.Embarrassed.B.Concerned.C.Disappointed.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8.What has Kates mother decided to do?A.Return to school.B.Change her job.C.Retire from work.9.What did Kates mother study at college?A.Oil painting.B.Art history.C.Business administration.10.What is Kates attitude toward her mothers decision?A.Disapproving.B.Ambiguous.C.Understanding.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11.What is the man doing?A.Chairing a meeting.B.Hosting a radio program.C.Conducting a job interview.12.What benefits Mary most in her job?A.Her wide reading.B.Her leaders guidance.C.Her friends help13.Who will Mary talk about next?A.Her teacher.B.Her father C.Her mother.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?A.He lacks motivation.B.He has a heart problem.C.He works all the time.15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?A.Hes an athlete.B.Hes a researcher.C.Hes a journalist.16.Why does the woman speak of a study?A.To encourage the man.B.To recommend an exercise.C.To support her findings.17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?A.300 minutes.B.150 minute.C.75 minutes.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18.What did the scientists do to the road?A.They repaired it.B.They painted it.C.They blocked it19.Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?A.Its warm.B.Its brown.C.Its smooth.20.What is the purpose of the scientists experiment?A.To keep the birds there for a whole year.B.To help students study the birds well.C.To prevent the birds from being killed.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4040 分分)第一节第一节(共共 1515 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A ANeed a Job This Summer?Need a Job This Summer?The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and what you need to applydepend on the program.Not a student?Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills,finda job or start businesses all year round.Jobs for YouthJobs for YouthIf you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province,you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.Which provides eight weeksof paid employment along with training.Who is eligible:Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).Summer CompanySummer CompanySummer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to$3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.Who is eligible:Students aged 15-29,returning to school in the fall.Stewardship Youth Ranger ProgramStewardship Youth Ranger ProgramYou could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.Who is eligible:Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire,but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.Summer Employment Opportunities(Summer Employment Opportunities(机会机会)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program,students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial PublicService,its related agencies and community groups.Who is eligible:Students aged 15 or older.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.21.What is special about Summer Company?A.It requires no training before employment.B.It provides awards for running new businesses.C.It allows one to work in the natural environment.D.It offers more summer job opportunities.22.What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?A.15-18.B.15-24.C.15-29.D.16-17.23.Which program favors the disabled?A.Jobs for Youth.B.Summer Company.C.Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.D.Summer Employment Opportunities.BFor Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue,N.Y.，today is speech day,and right now its Chris Palaezs turn.The 8-year-old isthe joker of the class.With shining dark eyes,he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But hes,nervous.“Im here to tell you today why you should should”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a.pronunciation difficulty for manynon-native English speakers.His teacher,Thomas Whaley,is next to him,whispering support.“Vote for me”Except for some stumbles,Chrisis doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants,Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takesa lot for any student，”Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enoughto say，I dont know，but I want to know.”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thoughtthey could never be a president.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feelingconfident.”24.What made Chris nervous?A.Telling a story.B.Making a speech.C.Taking a test.D.Answering a question.25.What does the underlined word“stumbles”in paragraph 2 refer to?A.Improper pauses.B.Bad manners.C.Spelling mistakes.D.Silly jokes.26.We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is to _.A.help students see their own strengthsB.assess students public speaking skillsC.prepare students for their future jobsD.inspire students love for politics27.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.CAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common,the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private e-spaces.At present,these technologies are still expensive,though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem:a smart keyboard.Thissmart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.The keyboard could offer astrong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses.These patterns are unique toeach person.Thus,the keyboard can determine peoples identities,and by extension,whether they should be given access to the computer itsconnected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody typesdifferently.In a study describing the technology,the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard.Datacollected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed,with very low error rates.The researcherssay that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive,plastic-like parts.The team hopesto make it to market in the near future.28.Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?A.To reduce pressure on keys.B.To improve accuracy in typingC.To replace the password system.D.To cut the cost of e-space protection.29.What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A.Computers are much easier to operate.B.Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.C.Typing patterns vary from person to person.D.Data security measures are guaranteed.30.What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?all 1o soisgitieoco oll.A.Itll be environment-friendly.B.Itll reach consumers soon.C.Itll be made of plastics.D.Itll help speed up typing.31.Where is this text most likely from?A.A diary.B.A guidebook C.A novel.D.A magazine.DDuring the rosy years of elementary school(小学),I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes,which allowed me to keep my high social status.Iwas the queen of the playground.Then came my tweens and teens,and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly butby smoking cigarettes,breaking rules and playing jokes on others,among whom I soon found myself.Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein,a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into twocategories:the likable and the status seekers.The likables plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships,jump-startinterpersonal skills and,when tapped early,are employed ever after in life and work.Then theres the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence:status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed,Dr.Prinsteins studies show unpleasant consequences.Those who were highest in status in highschool,as well as those least liked in elementary school,are“most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”In one study,Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents,scoring the least liked,the most liked and the highestin status based on student surveys(调查研究).“We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed thatwhile likability can lead to healthy adjustment,high status has just the oppositeeffect on us.Dr.Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing,kindness,openness carry overto later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.In analyzing his and other research，Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion:Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes,butit is also responsible for those outcomes,too.Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that helpsomebody gain an advantage,”he said.32.What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.33.What is the second paragraph mainly about?A.The classification of the popular.B.The characteristics of adolescents.C.The importance of interpersonal skills.D.The causes of dishonorable behavior.34.What did Dr.Prinsteins study find about the most liked kids?A.They appeared to be aggressive.B.They tended to be more adaptable.C.They enjoyed the highest status.D.They performed well academically.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Be Nice-You Wont Finish LastB.The Higher the Status,the BeerC.Be the Best-You Can Make ItD.More Self-Control,Less Aggressiveness第二节第二节(共共 5 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1010 分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to“go out and get some fresh air.”36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if theair quality in your camping area is good.37 If the air youre breathing is clean-which it would be if you re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈).38 In these places patients can go to benear nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put peopleinto a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster ratethan patients who see buildings or sky instead.39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.40 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin,they also give is beneficial Vitamin D.To make sure you get enough Vitamin D but stillprotect your skin put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working,and thats plenty oftime for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.A.Fresh air cleans our lungs.B.So what are you waiting for?C.Being in nature refreshes us.D.Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E.But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F.Just as importantly,we tend to associate air with health care.G.All across the country,recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用语言知识运用(共两节，满分共两节，满分 4545 分分)第一节第一节(共共 2020 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.They41with them lots of waste.The42mightdamage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing,changing the43of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories,Im44about the place other destinations are described as“purer”natural experiences.However,I soon45that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46among tons of rubbish.I find a 47mountain,withtoilets at camps and along the paths.The environmental challenges are48but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seemto be49.The best of a Kilimanjaro50,in my opinion,isnt reaching the top.Mountains are51as spiritual places by many cultures.This52isespecially evident on Kilimanjaro as53go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers.At the base is a rainforest.Itends abruptly at 3,000 meters,54lands of low growing plants.Further up,the weather55 low clouds envelope the mountainsides,whichare covered with thick grass.I56twelve shades of green from where I stand.Above 4,000 meters is the highland 57:gravel(砾石),stonesand rocks.58you climb into an