初中英语冠词讲解及练习.pdf

冠词冠词一一.概念概念冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.二二.相关知识点精讲相关知识点精讲不定冠词：不定冠词：1.a 用于辅音发音开头的词前,如：a book;an用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an apple,an hour.请区别：a useful machine,an umbrella,a“u”,an“h”。1.a/an 用于单数可数名词前。a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour an interesting book a big dog a dangerous aminal【练习】判断正误：a story()a bread()a paper（）a bag（）a pretty woman（）a school()a useful book()2.表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。例如：That is a pen,not a pencil.那是钢笔而不是铅笔。（指属于某一种类）Give him a pear,please!请给他一个梨。（指某一种类中的任何一个）Listen!A boy is singing in the classroom.3.和 one 的区别：a/an 表示类别 种类 One 强调数量 a bus（表示是一辆公交车 而不是一辆小汽车 也不是火车）one bus(强调是一辆车 而不是两辆或三辆)There is a cat under the chair.椅子下面有一只猫。（强调种类）There is one cat under the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。（强调数量）4.表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。例如：three times a day,10 yuan a kilo six class a day thirty miles an hour 等。定冠词：定冠词：一：the 表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。the book in my bag the boy under the tree the apples in the basket the hospital near my home二：可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。the books the book the rice the bread the football the old man the interesting book the teachers the women1三：用法：1）.定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。Do you know the girl in a red skirt?你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。2）.再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词 the。例如：Tom has an apple,The apple is big and red.There is a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother.3）.指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如：Lets go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。Open the door，please!请打开门。4）.用于某些固定词组中。例如:in the morning/afternoon/evening 等。5）.用在形容词前表示一类人。the old 老人 the young年轻人 the rich 富裕的人the poor_ the deaf _ the blind_6）.用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。例如：The Whites are spending their holiday in England.The Greens came to China two years ago.7）.用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城 the Summer Place 颐和园 the United States 美国 the October Revolution 十月革命the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army 中国人民解放军the Long March 长征8）.用在序数词或形容词最高级前The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.He is the tallest one in our class.9）.世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、宇宙）the globe 太阳系 the universe 宇宙 the atmosphere 大气层The sun rises in the east.The earth goes round the sun.10）.在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。in the 1980s或 in the 1980s 20 世纪 80 年代 in the nineteenth century 二十世纪211）.在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用 the。the Changjang River 长江the West Lake 西湖 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋12）.在介词短语中常用定冠词 the，如：in the box,behind the chair。13）.不能用定冠词 the 的几个方面：(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：in summer,in August 请区别：in thespring of 1945.(这里表示特指，故加 the)(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如：have breakfast,play football(3)一些固定词组中，如：go to bed,go to school,by bus,at night.14）.在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：in front of 在前面,in the front of 在范围内的前部 in hospital(生病)住院,in the hospital 在医院里。零冠词：零冠词：一：所谓零冠词，即指不使用冠词的情况：二：用法：1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。Im going to England next week for a holiday.下周我将要去英国度假。2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词 my,your,his,her 等；指示代词 this/these,that/those;不定代词 some,any 等及所有格限制时。The letter is in her pocket.信在她的衣袋里。3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。My father and mother are teachers.我的父亲和母亲是教师。4.在星期、月份、季节、节日前。Today is Thursday,September 10th,Teachers Day.The best time to come to China is in spring or autumn.注意 如月份、季节被一限定性定语修饰，要加 the：He joined the Army in the spring of 1982.他在 1982 年春季参军。5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。Happy Teachers Day,Miss Zhao!Here it is,Mom!6.在学科名称、三餐饭和球类运动名称前。Can you play basketball?We are having lunch.I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject.我认为汉语比其它学科更普及。7.固定词组：与 by 连用的交通工具名称前：by bus,by car,by bike,by train,by air/plane,bysea/ship名词词组：day and night,brother and sister,hour after hour,here and there介词词组：at home 在家 at noon 在中午 at night 在晚上 at work 在工作 in hospital 在住院in bed躺在床上 in surprise惊奇地 on foot步行 on duty值日 on time准时 on holiday 在度假on business 经商 on show 展览 on top of 在顶部 for example 例如 go 短语：go home 回家 go to bed 上床睡觉 go to school 去上学 go to work 去上班go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing 去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼3冠词专项练习冠词专项练习一、单项选择一、单项选择1.We work five days _ week.A.a B.an C.the D./2._book on the desk is _ useful one.A.The;an B.A;a C.The;a D.The;/3.We cant see _ sun at _ night.A.a;/B.a;the C.the;/.D.the;the4.After _ supper,he stayed at home and played _ piano.A.the;the B./;the C./;a D./;/5.I have two dogs._ black one is two years old and _ yellow one is three years old.A.A;a B.The;a C.The;the D.A;the6.Ive tried it three times.Let me try _ fourth time.A.a B.an C.the D./7.In the word poridge _ r is lost.A.the B.an C.a D./8.English is _ useful language in _ world.A.an;the B.a;the C.the;the D.an;an9._ new bridge has been built over _ Huangpu River.A.The;a B.A;/C.A;the D.An;an10.This is _ orange._ orange is on the table.A.a;The B.an;The C.an;An D.the;An11.Have you seen _ bag?I left it here just now.Is it _ one on the chair near the door?A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a12.I have _ blue coat.A.a B.an C.the D.some13.This is _ apple.Its_ big apple.A.an;a B.a;the C.a;an D.an;the14.They passed our school _ day before yesterday.A.an B.one C.a D.the15._ woman over there is _ popular teacher in our school.A.A;an B.The;a C.The;the D.A;the16.This is _interesting story-book and it is also _ useful one.A.a;a B.an;an C.an;a D.a;an17.The museum is quite far.It will take you half _ hour to go there by _bus.A.an;/B.an;a C.a;/D./;/18.Bill is _English teacher.He likes playing _ football.A.a;the B.an;the C.a;/D.an;/19.Shanghai is in_ east of China.A./B.an C.the D.a20.Beijing is _ beautiful city.Its _ capital of China.A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;the21.Bill had _apple in one hand and _orange in the other.A.a,a B.an,an C.a,the D.the,the22.Is there _“s”in the end of the word?A.an B.a C.the D./23 My brother will be back in half _hour.A.a B.the C.an D.one24.The word“your”has _“y”,_“o”_“u”and _“r”in it.A.a,a,an,a B.a,an,a,a C.a,an,a,an D.an,an,a,a25.This is_useful book for beginners in _English.A.a,an B.a,C.a,a D.the,the26._ book is very useful.I bought it from_unknown little town.A.A,a B.The,a C.The,the D.The,an27.He is _university student.A.a B.an C.the D./28.English is_language.It is_important tool.A.a,a B.a,an C.the,an D.a,29.It took me _hour and _half to finish_work.A.a,a,a B.an,an,the C.an,a,the D.an,a,30._steel worker makes steel.A./B.A C.This D.These31.There is _bridge over there._bridge is made of wood.A.the,The B.a,A C.the,A D.a,The432.Shut _door,please.A.the B.a C.an D.33._girl in _Grade Three is _tallest in our school.A.The,the,the B.A,a,a C.The,the D.A,a34._moon moves around_earth,and they both are smaller than _sun.A.The,an,a B.A,the,the C.,D.The,the,the35._Browns are sitting at _breakfast table.A.,a B.The,C.The,the D.,the36.He does reading aloud in English in _morning.A.a B.the D.These D./37._young should care for help _old.A.The,a B.The,the C.A,a D.A,the38.The city lies on _Yangtzi River.A.the B.a C./D.an39.Paper is made of _bamboo.A.a B.the C./D.this40.He works late at _night.A.the B.a C./D.an41.They are all_soldiers.A.the B.these C./D.those42.Have you any _story-books?A.the B.a C.an D./43.He doesnt have _lunch at home.A.a B.the C./D.that44._Reading novels is very instructive.A.The B.A C./D.An45.They go to school by _bike.A.the B.a C./D.this冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划冠词填空：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划/。1There is _ picture of _ elephant on _ wall2This is _ useful bookIve read it for _ hour3 _ elephant is much heavier than _ horse4 _ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day5Lets go out for _ walk6Its too hotOpen _ door，please7There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimeis mother8 _ sun rises in _ east9 _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China10Are you going to do it _ second time？11Washington is _ capital of _ USA12 _ Turners are living at the end of _ Turner Street13He joined the army in _ spring of _ 199514 _ old man is _ teacherHe likes playing _ basketballafter _ supper15After I had _ quick breakfast，I hurried to school16Are _ sheep kept by _ farmers for producing _ wool and _ meat？17They went to _ Peoples Park，but we both went to _ Peoples Cinema yesterday 18I often watch _ TV in _ evening19 _ day of _ December 20，1999 is Monday20Tomorrow is _ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _Christmas tree today21I think _ maths is more important than any other subject22He often goes to _ school by _ bike523What does this _ word mean，_ Father？24What _ important news！6