高考英语备考：阅读理解精练.docx

高考英语备考：阅读理解精练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。（一）I grew up in a small town. My father raised chickens and ran a construction company. I was barely 10 years old when my dad gave me the responsibility责任 of feeding the chickens and cleaning up the stable. He believed it was important for me to have those jobs to learn responsibility. Then， when I was 22， I found a job in Natchbill at a country music club called the Natchbill Palace， I washed dishes and cooked from 4： 00 pm to 9： 00 pm and then went on stage and sang until 2：00 in the morning. It wasnt long before I became known as a singing cook. I had been rejected so many times by record companies that it was hard not to be discouraged. One night， a woman executive懂事 from a company named Warner Brothers Records came to hear me sing. When the show was over， we sat down and talked and after she left， I said to myself it was one more rejection. A few weeks later， my manager received a phone call Warner Brothers wanted to sign me to a record deal. Soon after， I released my first record in June 1986. It sold over 2 million copies. My best efforts had gone into every job Ive ever held. It was the sense of responsibility that made me feel like a man. Knowing that I had done my best filled me with pride. I still feel that way today， even though I have become a well-known singer.1. Why was the writer once known as the singing cook？A. Because he was a cook at a country-music club.B. Because he sang for guests while he worked as a cook.C. Because he often sang while cooking.D. Because he liked singing better than cooking.2. Who first recognized his talents and helped make his career successful？A. Warmer Brothers. B. His manager.C. His father. D. A businesswoman.3. What made the writer proud of himself？A. His ability to live independently.B. His sense of responsibility in whatever he did.C. His courage in the face of rejections.D. His hard work in his early days.（二）In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken， not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome， testing usually was made up of saying poetry aloud and giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages， students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates应试者 for the doctor's degree.Generally， however， modem examinations are written. The written examination， where all students are tested on the same questions， was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modem industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers， looks like a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly， during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.One type of test is sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts， not personal opinions. To make up an objective test， the teacher writes a series一系列 of questions， each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.4. The main idea of Paragraph Three is that _.A. workers now take examinationsB. the population has grownC. there are only written exams todayD. examinations are now written and timed5. The kind of exams where students must select answers areA. objective B. personalC. spoken D. written6. Modem industry must have developed _.A. around the 19th century B. before the Middle AgesC. in Greece or Rome D. machines to take tests7. It may be concluded that testing _.A. should test only opinions B. should always be writtenC. is given only in factories D. has changed since the Middle Ages（三）Having one of those days or weeks when everything seems to annoy you？ Even if you do nothing about it， your bad mood will probably go away after some time. But with a little effort， you can forget it much faster often within a day or two.Walk it offExercise is the most popular bad-mood buster. A person whos in a bad mood has low energy and high tension. Taking a fast ten-minute walk， or doing some quick exercises can do wonders towards changing that bad mood.Tune it outListening to your favorite music for a while can also make tension go away quickly， because music starts associations with past positive experiences weve had.Give yourself a pep talkStop and listen to whats on your mind. Bad moods are often started by too many negative thoughts. Write them all down on paper; the pessimistic悲观的 messages youve been giving yourself and then give optimistic answers. （“I still dont have a job.” Vs “I have two interviews next week.”）Reduce your stressRelaxation techniques are wonderful mood-lifters. These include deep breathing， stretching and visualizing想象， all of which sound complicated but arent. One easy way to visualize： close your eyes and picture a favorite place， such as the beach. Another simple way to against distress is to make a to-do list. One reason for being in a bad mood is feeling you have no options选择权 By taking control over certain areas， you realize youre not helpless. You can make changes in your mood and life.Avoid things that wont improve your moodTV may not help much： You need to increase your energy level and stimulate your mind something that the TV show “Neighbors” wont do. And before you reach for that piece of cake and coffee， think about how mood and food are linked. Sugar and caffeine contribute to depressed moods. The better choice？ Research shows that carbohydrates， such as potatoes and pasta， produce a calming effect in people who have a desire for them.8. We learn from the text that it might help rid us of a bad mood _.A. to do nothing about itB. to take a long walk on the beachC. to do some exercises with light musicD. to talk it to neighbors9. Why is it suggested that you close your eyes and picture the beach？A. It is not complicated to do so.B. It is an area to be easily controlled.C. It helps beat a bad mood.D. It brings us a new technique.10. TV may not improve your mood because _.A. it sometimes shows what happens around youB. it keeps you stay unmovedC. it reminds you of eating and drinkingD. it produces a calming effect11. This text most probably appears in _.A. a book on physical exercises B. a doctors handbookC. a notice D. a magazine（四）We often use the words “growth” and “development” as if they meant basically the same thing. But this may not always be the case. One can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income （growth） with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens （development）.In the past， most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita人均所得. Many are still based on the theory that benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. If this theory is correct， growth should encourage development.By the early 1970s， however， the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. A major study by the World Bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to & third of their population.The World Bank study showed that increase in GNP per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition营养， health， and education. Although GNP per capita did indeed rise， its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. This realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. These new policies favor agriculture over industry， call for national redistribution资源分配 of income and wealth， and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.In the late 1970s and early 1980s the international macroeconomic crises大规模的经济危机 of high oil prices， worldwide recession衰退 and the third world debt， forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. However， the lesson remains： economic growth does not Promise economic development. Efforts may be required to change growing output capacity能力 into economic benefit that reach most of a nations people.12. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the relationship between growth and development？A. Growth and development refer to the same thing.B. Growth always brings about development.C. Development is not a necessary result of growth.D. Development is a reliable measure of growth.13. Before the 1970s， most development policies were based on theory that economic growth would benefit _.A. most people in society                       B. some people in societyC. few people in society                         D. everyone in society14. according to the study by the World Bank in 1974， economic growth in some backward countries brought _.A. benefit to a third of their populationB. benefit to two thirds of their populationC little benefit to their peopleD. no benefit at all to their people15. If the passage continues， what would the author most likely discuss in the next paragraph？A. How to turn growth into development.B. How to remove poverty from society.C. How to decrease the third world debt.D. How to cope with economic crises.（五）“Ive changed my mind. I wanted to have a telescope， but now I want my dad back.” Lucien Lawrences letter to Father Christmas written after his father had been knifed to death outside his school gate， must have touched every heart. Lucien went on to say that without his father he couldnt see the stars in the sky. When those whom we love depart from us， we cannot see the stars for a while.But Lucien， the stars are still there， and one day， when you are older and your tears have gone， you will see them again. And， in a strange way， I expect that you will find your father is there too， in your mind and in your heart. I find that my parents， long dead now， still figure in many of my dreams and that I think of them perhaps more than I ever did when they were alive. I still live to please them and Im still surprised by their reactions. I remember that when I became a professor， I was so proud， or rather so pleased with myself， that I couldnt wait to cable my parents. The reply was a long time in coming， but when it did， all mother said was， “I hope this means that now you will have more time for the children.” I havent forgotten. The values of my parents still live on.It makes me pause and think about how I will live on in the hearts and minds of my children and of those for whom I care. Would I have been as ready as Philip Lawrence have been to face the aggressors挑战者， and to lay down my life for those in my care？ How many people would want me back for Christmas？ Its a serious thought， one to give me pause.I pray silently， sometimes， in the dead of night， that ancient cry of a poet “Deliver my soul from the sword， and my darling from the power of the dog.” Yet I know the death comes to us all， and sometimes comes suddenly. We must therefore plan to live forever， but live as if we will die tomorrow. We live on， in the lives of those we loved， and therefore we ought to have a care for what they will remember and what they will treasure. If more parents knew this in their hearts to be true， there might be fewer knives on our streets today.16. according to the whole text we can see that the first paragraph _.A. puts forward the subject of the textB. shows the authors pity on the kidC. acts as an introduction to the discussionD. makes a clear statement of the authors views17. In the second paragraph the author mainly wants to explain to us _.A. how much he misses his parents nowB. why his parents often appear in his dreamsC. when Lucien will get over all his sadnessD. how proud he was when he succeeded in life18. What feeling did the authors mother express in her reply？A. Proud.          B. Happy.          C. Disappointed.       D. Worried.19. In the authors opinion， the value of a persons life is _.A. to leave behind a precious memory to the people relatedB. to have a high sense of duty to the whole societyC. to care what others will remember and treasureD. to share happiness and sadness with his family20. What does the writer mean by the sentence taken from an old poem？A. Call on criminals and murderers to lay down their guns.B. Advise parents stay with their children safely at home.C. Spend every day meaningfully in memory of the death.D. Try to keep violence and murder far away from society.參考答案与解析（一）本文讲述了作者通过刻苦磨练，最终成为一个著名的歌唱家的故事。1. B 推断题。由第六七句I washed dishes and cookedthen went on stage and sangIt wasnt long before I became known as a singing cook 可知。2. D 细节题。由One night， a woman executive懂事 from a company named Warner Brothers Records及后文可知。3. B  由文章倒数第三句It was the sense of responsibility that made me feel like a man 可知。（二）文章主要讲述了古代和现代一些考试方式的变化和发展。4. D 主旨题。由本段第一句和第四句可知。5. A 细节题。由最后一段可知。6. A 细节题。由第三段中的until the nineteenth可知century. Perhaps it came into existence with the increase in population and the development of modern industry7. D 主旨题。文章主要说明了考试方式从中世纪以来的发展和变化。（三）本文介绍了改善不良心情的几种方式。8. C 细节题。综合Walk it off中的Exercise ischanging that bad mood和Tune it ou中Listening to your favorite musicmake tension go away quickly可知：听着音乐做一些锻炼有助于改变坏心情。9. C 细节题。由Reduce your stress中的前三句可知。10. B 细节题。由最后一段第句可知：从低落的情绪中走出来需要的是增加活力，激活情绪，电视很难起到这样的作用。11. D 推断题。这是一篇让人们了解养生之道的文章。它的出处可能是在一本杂志上。（四）本文提出了growth和development两个概念以及它们之间的差别。指出了国民生产总值的增长（growth）并不表示人们生活水平的提高（development）。12. C 推断题。由第二句But this may not always be the case 可知。13. D 细节题。由第二段所述观点和第三段首句可知。14. B 细节题。由第三段最后一句has been of little benefit to a third of their population（对1/3的人口没有好处）可知，只对2/3的人口有益处。15. A 推断题。本文主要讲述的是growth与development之间的不一致和不平衡，往往只有经济的“growth”没有人们的生活的“development”，因此下文该主要讲述怎样解决这一问题。（五）本文以幼小的Lucien Lawrence在父亲被害后写给圣诞老人的信中的“Ive changed my mind. I wanted to have a telescope， but now I want my dad back. ”为引子，讲述了We live on， in the lives of those we loved， and therefore we ought to have a care for what they will remember and what they will treasure. ”这一人生价值观。16. C 推断题。根据第一段的最后一句与第二段第一句可知，第一段为后面的议论提供了引子，因此选C。17. B 推断题。第二段the stars are still thereyoull see them again是安慰Lucien的;I find that my parents， long dead now， still figure in many of my dreams 后面都是围绕这一句展开来说明其原因的。18. D 推断题。由第三段可知，母亲对此事并不是失望，而是因为只顾自己的工作和事业而没有顾及孩子表示一种担心或焦虑，因此选D。19. A 推断题。由第三段第一句及第四段倒数第二句可知，作者认为：一个人的价值观是给相关的人留下珍贵下的记忆，故选A。20. D 推断题。由最后一