非谓语讲义--高考英语一轮语法复习.docx

高考英语复习讲义非谓语非谓语做主语宾语 (及物动词/介词+宾语)表语 (系动词+表语)定语 (修饰名词， 放前/后)状语(修饰动词/形容词/整个句子)Doing动名词/ 现在分词doing 作主语： 表已知的事或经验。Smoking is prohibited on the subway 只能用 doing 作宾语的动词：suggest/advise doing, appreciate 欣赏, consider 考虑, enjoy, risk 冒险, imagine 想象, avoid 避免quit 放弃, fancy doing 想做 介词+doing (to 做介词) be used to/accustomed to 习惯, object/oppose to 反对,stick to 坚持, look forward to devote oneself to /contribute to 献身； 致力 动名词 ing 作表语： 表示抽象/长期的行为。Our work is serving the people.(区分： Our work today is _to serve_ people. 现在分词 ing 作表语：翻译为“令人”， 指事物 本身的特性：Traveling is tiring but appealing (appeal). doing 作定语： 表主动/正在进行There is a r oad winding (主 动) to the mountain. There are falling(正在) leaves in the sky. doing 作状语： doing的动作和句子主语的动作是主 动+同时进行关系。He went out shutting the door behind him. having done 作状语 ： having done 的动作发生在句子 主语动作之前， 是主动关系。_Having finished_ (finish) the work, he went to bed.done过去分词动/已到 done 作表语： 翻译为 “感到”， 指人的感受：Wendy felt satisfied but pleased after the trip. John wore a satisfied (satisfy)expression/smile on hearing the news. done 作定语： 表被动/完成的事The concert given (被动) by the band was a success. They are cleaning the fallen (已经)leaves in the yard.d done 作状语=having b eenonedone 表示的动作和句子主语的 动作是被动关系。Given /Having been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.to do不定式表目的/to do 作主语： 表未完成的事或目 的。To study abr oadhas long been my dream.To finish the work needs large efforts. 只能以 to do 作宾语的动词(表目的或者将来)：cant afford to do 承担, attempt to do 企图, determine 决心， decline to 拒绝, desire /long ( vt . ) /be eager to do 渴望, happen to do 碰巧,arrange, expect,pretend,etc. to do 作表语： 表将来/目的(What we needto do ?缺 宾语) is to track the clue. to do 作状语： 表目的， 结果， 原因。Th ey stood by the roadside totalk about the plan. (目的) His family was too poor to support him. (结果) too. to We are glad to h ear the news. (原因)宾语补足语：with 结构使役动词(make/let/have; get)感官动词(hear , see, watch ,find etc.) with +宾语+ doing: 表示 doing 和宾语之间是主动/进行 Th e pr ofessor marched into the room with his hands carrying handouts.A make, let, have + 宾语+ do： 表示 do 和宾语之间是主动The yearly rainy season makes us stay at home.A hear+宾语+ do:表示 do 和宾语之间是主动+经常性动作 We often h ear the magpie sing at the yard. with+宾语+ done: 表示 done 和宾语之间是被动/完成 With the project finished, they celebrated with joy.A get + 宾语+to do: 表示 do 和宾语之间是主动 I got him to do his homework before dinner.A Hear + 宾语+ doing: 表示 doing 和宾语之间是主动+正在的动作 The villager saw aboycalling (call) for help when the river rose. with+宾语+ to do: 表示 to do 和宾语之间是目的/将要 We will stay up late with so much work to do.A make,let,have,get+宾语+done: 表示 done 和宾语之 间是被动 ( “让某事被做”)The car shop made/let/got/had my car repaired (repair).A Hear+宾语+done:表示 done 和宾语 之间是被动He found his house br oken when he came back home.学科网（北京）股份有限公司