Unit 5 单元单词整理（词意词形转换短语）讲义--高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册.docx

序号单词意思词形变化/形近词词组短语1basisn.基础；根据；基点base v. 以为据点；以为基础 n.底部；根据based adj. 以(某事)为基础的；以为重要部分(或特征)的basic adj.基本的；基础的basis(pl.bases) n. 基础；根据；基点(复数)base.on/upon. 把.基于be based on/upon 以.为基础2on the basis of在某事的基础上；根据某事  3loann.贷款；借款  4take out a loan取得贷款  5plasticn.塑料。adj.塑料制的，塑料制品  6apologise(also apologize) vi.道歉；谢罪apology n. 道歉；谢罪apologise (to sb.)for (doing) (sth.因(做了)某事向某人道歉=make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing)sth./offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.7ignorevt.忽视；对不予理会ignorance n.无知；愚昧ignorant adj.无知的be ignorant of/about sth. 对.无知out of/through ignorance 出于无知8in return作为回报；作为回应常位于句首或句末 in return for 作为.的回报9judgevi.&vt.评价；评判；判断。n.法官；审判员；裁判员judgement n. 判决；判断judge.from/by.根据.来判断Judging from/by. 根据.判断（放在句首作状语） as far as I can judge 据我判断Judge a book by its cover.         以貌取人。make a judg(e)ment about对.作出判断         10scenen.(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面scenic adj 风景优美的the opening scene 开场the scene of the accident 事故现场behind the scenes 在后台; 在幕后be/come on the scene 出现, 到场，在场11narratorn.(书，戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员arration n.叙述；解说narrate v.叙述 12narrationn.叙述；讲述；解说  13betn.打赌；赌注。(bet，bet)vi.&vt.下赌注，用打赌。vt.敢说 make a bet (with sb.) on sth.(和某人)在某事上打赌 win/lose a bet赌赢/输you bet 当然、肯定的I bet 我敢说；我断定bet on sth 对某事打赌，在某事上下赌注 14make a bet打个赌  15servantn.仆人；佣人serve vt.提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；服务service n.服务  16as a matter of fact事实上；其实；说真的=in fact/ in actuality/ actually/ in reality 17by accident偶然地；意外地by chance偶然地, 意外地by mistake错误地by design         有意地, 故意地=on purpose故意地 18sailvi.&vt.(船)航行；(人)乘船航行sailor n.水手，海员sail around the world 乘船环游世界sail across the Atlantic 乘船横渡大西洋set sail for 启程前往19spotvt.看见；注意到；发现。n.地点；处所；斑点；污迹spotted, spotted, spottingspot sth/sb. doing sth.看到.正在做某事be spotted with 满是.斑点on the spot/on the scene 当场，在现场20consulaten.领事馆  21darev.胆敢；敢于作情态动词，多用于否定句和疑问句中dare作实义动词；在人称、数、和时态等形式变化上与其他实义动词相同 dare to do 敢做. dont/doesnt dare to do sth不敢做.dare not ( darent) do 不敢做.Dare I/you/ he? 我/你/他敢.？How dare you? 你竟敢.?I dare say. 我想;很可能;大概22sortn.种类；类别 a sort of 一种all kinds/sorts of 各种各样（名词前）of all sorts 各种各样（名词后）sort/kind of 有几分, 有点儿，稍微sort out 整理; 把.安排好; 挑出; 解决23miningn.采矿；采矿业  24patiencen.耐心；忍耐力；毅力patient adj.有耐心的impatient adj.没有耐心地patiently adv. 有耐心地be patient with 对.有耐心be/run out of patience with 对.没有耐性lose patience with 对.失去耐性 with patience耐心地have little/no patience with 对.几乎没有/没有耐心 25to be honest说实话；坦率地说 =honestly speakinghonest adj. 诚实的；坦诚的honesty n. 诚实；坦诚to be brief简而言之(=briefly speaking)to be fair说句公道话(=fairly speaking)to be exact确切地说(=exactly speaking)to begin/start with首先to tell (you) the truth说实话to conclude总之以上不定式短语作插入语，用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开26ought to应该；应当  27be about to do.即将或正要(做某事)  28indicatevt.&vi.表明；显示。vt.象征；暗示indication n. 象征；迹象；标示as the name indicates 正如其名称所示indicate ones intention 表明某人的意图indicate that 预示/显示.There are clear indications that.有明显的迹象显示.29beneathadv.&prep.在(或往)下面；在的表面之下 postpone/delay/put off doing sth推迟做某事，延迟做某事without delay 立即，马上30postponevt.延迟；延期；延缓  31oddadj.奇怪的；怪异的；反常的  32obligationn.义务；职责；责任obligate v.强迫；迫使obligated adj.有义务的；有责任的 onliged adj 感谢，感激moral obligation 道德义务a sense of obligation 责任感、义务感 oblige sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某事 oblige sb. to do sth 强迫某人做某事be obliged to sb. for sth 因某事感激某人I would be obliged if you could 如果你能.我将感激不尽。 33intentionn.打算；计划；意图；目的。intend vi.&vt.打算；计划；想要intended adj 打算的、计划的with the intention of 抱有.的目的intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事be intended for/to do.旨在.，预定.用途；为.打算的by intention 故意地without intention 无意34nowhereadv.无处；哪里都不  35in case以防；以防万一 in case of 以防 （+名词、代词、动名词）in that case 既然那样in no case 绝不in any case 无论如何in many cases 在许多情况下36extentn.程度；限度；大小；范围 to some extent= to a certain extent/ to an extent 在某种程度上to great/large extent 在很大程度上to a greater extent 在更大程度上37to.extent到程度；在程度上  38opera歌剧  39musicaln.音乐剧。adj.音乐的music n.音乐；乐曲musician n.音乐家 40dinosaurn.恐龙  41hugvi.&vt.拥抱；抱紧(hugged, hugged, hugging)hug sb.=give sb. a hug 拥抱某人42pursuevt.追求；致力于  43dutyn.责任；义务；职责；值班 a sense of duty 责任感perform/carry out ones duty 尽职责Its ones duty to do sth做某事是某人的职责44on duty值班；执勤 be on duty 值班；值勤be off duty 下班；不执勤45hesitatevi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑hesitation n. 犹豫hesitate to do sth.迟疑/犹豫做某事without hesitation 毫不犹豫地46sequencevt.按顺序排列。n.顺序；一系列  47eventuallyadv.最后；终于eventual adj.最后的；最终的 48taitorn.(男装)裁缝。vt.专门制作；定做  49clerkn.职员；文书；店员  50mannern.举止；行为方式；方法； pl.礼貌；礼仪 table manners 餐桌礼仪have no manners 没有礼貌mind ones manners 注意某人的举止51in a.manner以一种的方式；带着一副的样子 it is bad manners to do sth做某事是不礼貌的in a.manner 以一种.的方式/方法52downstairsadv.顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下  53stairn.楼梯 ；梯级  54asideadv.到旁边；在旁边；留；存  55frownn.&vi.皱眉  56in that case既然那样；假使那样的话  57optionn.可选择的事物；选择；选择权optional adj.可选择的反义词：compulsory adj. 强制的，义务的have no option/choice but to dos th. 除做.之外别无选择take optional courses 上选修课have the option of doing sth可以选择做某事58broadadj.宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的broaden v. 使扩大；使变宽broaden ones horizons 拓宽某人的视野59indeedadv.其实；实际上；当然；确实  60normaladj.典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的。n.常态；通常标准；一般水平normally adv. 正常地；通常abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 normal指符合标准或常规common指常见的usual指惯常的ordinary指标准不高   61willingadj.愿意；乐意willingness n.愿意；心甘情愿unwilling adj.不愿意的；不乐意的be willing to do sth愿意做某事be unwilling to do sth 不乐意做某事willing helpers 主动帮忙的人62be willing to do.愿意或乐意做某事  63elementn.要素；基本部分  64plotn.故事情节；布局；阴谋  65ambassadorn.大使；使节；代表  66upper-classadj.上流社会的；上等阶层的  67upperadj.上面的；上层的；靠上部的  68the upper class上流社会；上等阶层  69maintainvt.维持；保持；维修；保养  70permissionn.许可；准许；批准；许可证 ask (for) permission to do sth. 请求准许做某事 without (ones) permission 未经(某人的)许可 give sb. permission to do sth.允许某人做某事71permitvi.&vt.允许；准许；使有可能 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事72sayingn.谚语；格言；警句  73externaladj.外部的；外面的；外来的  74Roderick罗德里克  75Oliver奥利弗  76Henry Adams亨利·亚当斯  77The Phantom of the Opera歌剧魅影 (音乐剧)  78Reid里德  79Todd托德  80Portia Langham波希亚·兰厄姆  81    82    学科网（北京）股份有限公司