初中英语句型转换技巧精.ppt

第1页，本讲稿共33页l句句型型转转换换基本句式转换基本句式转换同义句转换同义句转换第2页，本讲稿共33页l1.1.肯定句、否定句和一般疑肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句的句的转换l（1 1）含有）含有bebe动词（am,is,are,was,were)am,is,are,was,were)、行、行为动词(do,does,did(do,does,did)和情和情态动词(can,could,should,will,would,may,might)(can,could,should,will,would,may,might)及含有及含有have/has+p.phave/has+p.p的句子；的句子；l肯定句改肯定句改为否定句：直接在否定句：直接在bebe动词、助、助动词、情、情态动词后面加后面加notnotl肯定句改肯定句改为一般疑一般疑问句句时，一律，一律将将bebe动词、助、助动词和情和情态动前移到前移到句首（首字母大句首（首字母大写写）l肯定回答用肯定回答用“Yes”Yes”；否定回答用；否定回答用“No”No”。“Yes”Yes”或或“No”No”后面的主后面的主语必必须用代用代词，“No”No”后面必后面必须用否定用否定缩略式。略式。第3页，本讲稿共33页牛刀小试牛刀小试改为否定句改为否定句There are some pay phones on that streetThere are some pay phones on that streetThere arent any pay phones on that street.There arent any pay phones on that street.Tony will travel around the world.Tony will travel around the world.Tony wont travel around the world.Tony wont travel around the world.He can cook Chinese food.He can cook Chinese food.He cant cook Chinese food.He cant cook Chinese food.They have learned all the subjects.They have learned all the subjects.They havent learned all the subjects.第4页，本讲稿共33页改为一般疑问句，并作肯定、否定回答改为一般疑问句，并作肯定、否定回答1.There is a hotel next to my school.1.There is a hotel next to my school.Is there a hotel next to your school?Is there a hotel next to your school?Yes,there is.No,there isnt.Yes,there is.No,there isnt.2.Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.2.Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.Is Bridge Street a good place to have fun?Is Bridge Street a good place to have fun?Yes,it is.No,it isntYes,it is.No,it isnt.3.We are cleaning the room now.3.We are cleaning the room now.Are you cleaning the room now?Are you cleaning the room now?Yes,we are.No,we arentYes,we are.No,we arent.第5页，本讲稿共33页句型句型转换（2）只含有行为动词的句子必须借助助动词do；does；did;改为否定句时，直接在行为动词后面加dont（一般现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外的人称和数时），doesnt(一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时），didnt（一般过去时态）改为一般疑问句时，在句首加Do,Does或Did。肯定回答用“Yes”，后面动词用do；does或did”；否定回答用“No”，后面动词用dont；doesnt；didnt。6第6页，本讲稿共33页改为否定句1.Mary often plays sports after dinnerMary doesnt play sports after dinner2.Alice attends the lecture once a week.Alice doesnt attend lecture once a week3.Mike drew a picture on the blackboardMike didnt draw a picture on the blackboard.第7页，本讲稿共33页改为一般疑问句1.The children like playing games.Do the children like playing games?2.Mary usually goes to school on foot.Does Mary usually go to school on foot?3.Tom went to London yesterday.Did Tom go to London yesterday?第8页，本讲稿共33页2.特殊疑问句的转换把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分的“疑问词”，人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量等分别用：who；whom；whose；what；when；where；why；how；how many；how much；how often；how old；how long等。将相对应的疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为一般疑问句的形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检查句首的首字母大写和句尾的标点符号。9第9页，本讲稿共33页练习练习对划线部分提问对划线部分提问1.The teachers had a meeting yesterday.When did the teachers have a meeting?2.The postage is 2.The postage is three Yuan and six Jiaothree Yuan and six JiaoHow much is the postage?3.They helped the old lady clean her house once a week.How often did they help the old lady clean her house?第10页，本讲稿共33页4.Its going to be cloudy tomorrowHow is it going to be tomorrow?What is it going to be like tomorrow?5.The students are planting trees 5.The students are planting trees on the hills on the hills.Where are the students planting trees?Where are the students planting trees?6.They will meet at 11:00.What time will they meet?第11页，本讲稿共33页肯定句中：前句动作适合后句的人肯定句中：前句动作适合后句的人句式：句式：so+be/so+be/助助/情情+主主如如 She likes drawing.She likes drawing.他们也是他们也是 So do they.So do they.He wrote a letter yesterday.He wrote a letter yesterday.我也写了我也写了.So did I.So did I.He can help me.He can help me.So can we.So can we.He is a student.He is a student.So are we.So are we.12第12页，本讲稿共33页He wrote a letter yesterdayHe wrote a letter yesterdaySo he did.So he did.肯定句中肯定句中:对前句动作的肯定对前句动作的肯定句式：句式：so+so+主主+be/+be/助助/情情否定句中：前句的动作适合后句的人否定句中：前句的动作适合后句的人句式：句式：Neither/Nor+be/Neither/Nor+be/助助/情情+主主He isnt a student.He isnt a student.Neither/Nor is she.Neither/Nor is she.They havent written it yet.They havent written it yet.Neither/Nor has he.Neither/Nor has he.13第13页，本讲稿共33页句型句型转换3.选择疑问句的转换改为选择疑问句时，只需注意根据句子的内容用“or”连接两个并列的成分就可以了。结构：一般疑问句+or+简短的问句答语：不用yes或no.两者之间选其一或者Neither/Both.如：She is Lucy.（Lily）Is she Lucy or Lily?They come to school by bike.(on foot)Do they come to school by bike or on foot?On foot.14第14页，本讲稿共33页反意疑反意疑问句的句的转换反意疑问句结构：“陈述句简短问句”，规律：“前面肯定；后面否定”和“前面否定；后面肯 定”的规律和简短问句的主语必须用代词的要求。Tom likes playing football，doesnt he？Xiao Hong didnt like singing，did she？注意：祈使句的反意疑问句，除Lets开头的一般用shall we？其余无论肯否，一般都用will you？第15页，本讲稿共33页练习l完成下列反意疑问句lTheres something wrong,_ _?lThere is nothing wrong,_ _?lSomeone went there,_ _?lYou will have an interesting life.(用a dull life改为选择疑问句)l _ you an interesting life _ a dull life?lLucy is a studentLily is a doctor（改为选择疑问句）l Lucy a student a doctor?16第16页，本讲稿共33页4.祈使句的转换 祈使句，肯定的祈使句，是原形动词开头否定的祈使句是“Dont”开头，后跟原形动词。（主语是I或we时，句子开头用let me或lets）You should remember his telephone number Remember his telephone number，pleaseYou cant go home.Dont go home.I can do it alone.Let me do it alone.We can write them.Lets write them17第17页，本讲稿共33页 改为感叹句，必须记住，强调的是名词，句首用What，What后的名词前可以有形容词。句式：What a adj+n（单）What adj +n +主+谓!What adj +n(不可数)强调的是形容词或副词，句首用 How，后面必须紧跟形容词或副词，如The park is beautiful 改为：What a beautiful park！或：How beautiful the park is！感叹句的转换感叹句的转换第18页，本讲稿共33页练习改为祈使句You should do homework.You can close the window.You couldnt use my dictionary.改为感叹句(分别用what和how)The weather is fine ！The flower is so sweet ！The student is very hard-working.！19第19页，本讲稿共33页句型句型转换l同义句转换1.简单句之间的转换技巧：逐个翻译后，与原句进行对照，看缺少了哪个词或哪部分意思，然后再用与其意思相近的词、词组或句型去替换。（因此，在（因此，在学学习中要掌握中要掌握尽尽可可能多的同能多的同义词，平，平时多注意）多注意）例如：例如：They will get to London in four days.They will reach London in four days.lThe runner The runner couldnt catch up withcouldnt catch up with the others in the race.the others in the race.The runner The runner fell behind fell behind the others in the race.the others in the race.lThe snow was heavy last night The snow was heavy last night It It snowed heavily snowed heavily last night.last night.l.20第20页，本讲稿共33页句型句型转换2.2.二合一二合一并并成成简单句句就是把两个并列句中成份相同的部分用连词合并起来.常见的连词有neither nor,either or,both and,not only but also,enough to,tooto，so.that,as soon as 其中红色字体的部分通常遵循就近原则，即谓语需根据后面的那个主语保持一致。如：He hasnt been to France.She hasnt been to France,either.Neither he nor she has been to France.Mrs Smith is my teacher.She is also my good friend.Mrs Smith is not only my teacher but also my good friend 21第21页，本讲稿共33页句型句型转换3.简单句与复合句的互换 (1)用不定式、介词短语、名词短语、分词性短语替换；（2）将宾语从句简化为“疑问词+不定式”；（3）将so that(such that )引导的状语从句简化为含有too to (或enough to)的简单句；（4）if 引导的状语从句简化为“祈使句，and(or)+句子”。例如：.22第22页，本讲稿共33页 1.I hope that I can see you soon.I you again 2.Please tell me where we show our tickets.Please tell me our tickets.3.If you dont hurry up,youll miss the early bus ,you wont the early bus.Youll miss the early bus you hurry up.句型转换句型转换第23页，本讲稿共33页句型句型转换4.语态之间的转换主要指主动语态和被动语态之间的变化。例如：Your classroom must be cleaned every day.You your classroom every day.2We can store a lot of information in the computer.(改为被动语态)A lot of information _ _ stored in the computer24第24页，本讲稿共33页阶段段练习 1This is the most boring journey that I have ever heard of.I have _ heard of _ a boring journey before.2My father seems to be very angry._ seems that my father _ very angry.3The man made his baby laugh.The baby was _ _ laugh.4The captain is the happiest of all the players.The captain is _ _ any other player.25第25页，本讲稿共33页阶段段练习5Taking exercise often can make you healthy.Its good _ your _to take exercise often.6Hurry up,and youll be on time for the party._ you _ hurry,youll be late for the party.7It is five years since he left his hometown.He has _ _ from his hometown for five years.8 8That lady is my new English teacher.She is wearing red clothes.That lady is my new English teacher.She is wearing red clothes.The lady _ _ is my new English teacher.The lady _ _ is my new English teacher.26第26页，本讲稿共33页阶段段练习9 9I spent four hundred yuan in buying that recorder.I spent four hundred yuan in buying that recorder.That recorder _ _ four hundred yuan.That recorder _ _ four hundred yuan.1010There are more people in America than in England.There are more people in America than in England.The _ in America is _than _ in England.The _ in America is _than _ in England.11.He cant decide where he should stay for the night.11.He cant decide where he should stay for the night.He cant decide _ _ _ for the night.He cant decide _ _ _ for the night.1212The film began at 2:00 p.m.and ended at 4:30 p.m.The film began at 2:00 p.m.and ended at 4:30 p.m.The film _ two and a half _.The film _ two and a half _.27第27页，本讲稿共33页翻翻译解解题技巧技巧28第28页，本讲稿共33页技巧篇技巧篇第一步，先读一下汉语句子，了解这个句子所要表达的意思。并找出句子的主语和谓语。第二步，跳过空格读一下已给出的那一部分内容，然后再仔细分析一下要求翻译的英语。第三步，观察一下要求翻译的汉语，然后联想一下相关词汇和句型，再考虑语态、时态、词形变化、主语与谓语数的一致性等问题。第四步，根据空格数填词。第五步，将已填好的句子再读一遍，从时态、语态、词形、数的一致等方面检查一下。29第29页，本讲稿共33页技巧篇技巧篇翻译题，重在平时的积累。那么，平时应该怎么做呢？1熟练掌握常用词和词组的用法。2熟练掌握各种句型结构。3掌握语法知识。4熟读课文，因为有些题可能会出自课文原文。5平时要加强这类题的训练。总之，平之，平时还是要多是要多读多背多背30第30页，本讲稿共33页练习篇篇1.1.从从现在在开开始，我始，我们应该更加努力更加努力学学习。We should study harder _ We should study harder _（3 3个个空）空）2 2一百年以后，中一百年以后，中国将国将发生什生什么么样的巨大的巨大变化？化？（四（四个个空）空）What great changes will take place in China _What great changes will take place in China _？3.3.你你能把能把你你的自行的自行车借借给我我吗？（五？（五个个空）空）Can you _ Can you _？4.4.他正在花他正在花园园里里浇花。（四花。（四个个空）空）He _ in the garden.He _ in the garden.5.5.我我们应该尽尽最大努力最大努力尽尽快赶上快赶上发达国达国家。家。(3(3个个空）空）We should _ to catch up with the developed countries as soon as We should _ to catch up with the developed countries as soon as possiblepossible 6.6.珍珍爱自己，自己，远离不健康的离不健康的书。Take good care of yourself and _ bad booksTake good care of yourself and _ bad books 31第31页，本讲稿共33页练习篇篇虽然很累了，工人然很累了，工人们继续努力工作着。努力工作着。Though they were tired,the workers _ _ Though they were tired,the workers _ _ _ hard._ hard.下下个个星期星期将将有一有一场足球比足球比赛。There _ _ a football match next week.There _ _ a football match next week.我的自行我的自行车出了毛病。出了毛病。Something is _ _ my bike.Something is _ _ my bike.Mr.BrownMr.Brown是如此的激是如此的激动，以至于，以至于说不出不出话来来。Mr.Brown is _ excited _ say a word.Mr.Brown is _ excited _ say a word.一到家，金太太就去睡一到家，金太太就去睡觉了。了。_ _ _ she got home,Mrs.King went to _ _ _ she got home,Mrs.King went to bed.bed.为什什么么不跟我不跟我们一起去一起去钓鱼呢？呢？Why _ _ _ with us?Why _ _ _ with us?32第32页，本讲稿共33页练习篇篇1.1.该看看篮球球赛了。了。2.2.你你最好不要最好不要躺躺在床上看在床上看书。3.3.母母亲每天每天晚晚上花上花两个两个小小时为我我们做做饭。4.4.老老师让我我们课后用英后用英语交交谈。5.5.露露丝不喜不喜欢早晨喝牛奶。早晨喝牛奶。6.6.你你想今天下午和我想今天下午和我们一起一起踢踢球球吗？7.7.请你你把收音机把收音机关关上好上好吗？8.8.这本本书非常有趣，大家都想看。非常有趣，大家都想看。9.9.在在婴儿儿睡睡觉的的时候，候，请保持安保持安静静。10.10.哥哥和我哥哥和我对电影都不感影都不感兴趣。趣。33第33页，本讲稿共33页