新概念英语第二册Lesson50知识点详解讲义.docx

LESSON 50 如何讲述生活趣事：随心而行Part 1. 词汇脱口秀1. ride这个词虽然简单，但是真正用好的同学并不多1）动词用法：核心意思： In the past, people would ride horses or elephants while traveling. Nowadays, we can ride bicycles or motorcycles.Besides, we can choose to ride a bus or the subway to a place ride an elevator.“Ride a glass elevator to the 160-meter-high observation deck for an incredible view of the city and its surroundings. ”【Seattle Space Needle Observation Deck 西雅图太空针观景台】当然：口语中，我们也常常用 take 表示“搭乘” 比如：take a bus; take the subway ; take the elevator2）作为名词使用表示“乘车或骑车的短途旅程”A ride is a short journey in a vehicle, on a bicycle, etc. It's a ten-minute bus ride from my home to school.3)也常常表示“搭车，兜风”的意思Could you give me a ride back home ?Could you give me a ride to the railway station? I managed to get a ride to the railway station.“Hop in the car, let us go for a ride!” Sean took me for a ride in his new car.free-rider这个词往往来指代 比如：Because every monk wants to be a free rider. Everybody's Business is Nobody's Business.2. excursionn.短途旅行An excursion refers to a short trip, especially if it is taken for pleasure or enjoyment.用法: go on an excursion to When we were in Egypt, we went on an excursion to the Pyramids. We made a long journey to Egypt.复习：在第 14 课中我们说到旅行: Journey, excursion,trip, tour, trek, pilgrimage词源记忆：cur, curs = run为啥 excursion 表示短途旅行？（ex 出 + cur 跑+ sion跑出去短途旅行）为啥货币叫 currency ?为啥 precursor 表示“先驱，先兆”？（pre 前面 + curs 跑 +or先跑的人先驱） The icebox is a precursor of the modern refrigerator.3. conductorn.1) 售票员2) 指挥3) 导体为啥 conductor 可以表示这么多意思？ 词源记忆：duct, duc 表示“to lead, bring”con 一起（together） + duct 引导(lead) + or 人 核心意思是 Metal is a good conductor of electricity.Wood is a poor conductor of heat. semi-conductor为啥 education 表示教育？The purpose of education is to bring the best out of you.为啥 Introduce 表示“介绍”？Let me introduce Kevin to you.4. view词源：核心意思是“看见”，来自于拉丁语 videre； 英文中 vis,vid,vie. 词根都表示“see”比如：visit = vis + it = see itvision n. 视野Video n. 视频录像1) 视野；视线 Your view is what you are able to see Wed like book a room with a view of the sea.The big tree just outside our room blocks our view of the sea. block our view = stop us from seeing it.Could you please sit down? You're blocking my view.On the plane, you can get/have a birds eye view of the city.2) “景色”The view from the top of the mountain was spectacular. breathtaking views3) 为啥 View 可以表示观点？In my view/ From my point of view , he is a smart guy.LESSON 50 如何讲述生活趣事：随心而行Part 2. 句型精讲如何让从句更加简洁？【下】1. Looking round, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger left on the bus.完整表达：After I looked around, I realized with a shock that I was the only passenger who was left on the bus.东欣老师的学习分享：语言学习的三个阶段：【听记 1】* * * 思维本质：分词结构可以看做是 【听记 2】复习：分词状语* 场景造句：I was lying on the beach, with my dog sleeping beside me. I looked at the blue sky, lost in my thoughts.A little boy ran up to me, giggling.专题：定语从句的“瘦身”：分词后置相当于 * 何时可以“瘦身”？ 【听记 3】比如：I was the only passenger who was left on the bus. = I was the only passenger left on the bus.如果是：I was the only passenger that the conductor talked to. 可以简化么？* 哪些赘肉“减去”？ 【听记 4】I was the only passenger (who was) left on the bus.Last night, I met a handsome guy (who was) called Michael.Michael is a young man who is eager to succeed. = Michael is a young man eager to succeed.提示：形容词短语做后置定语,可以看做分词短语being eager to succeed 的简化，being 累赘，故省略* 用什么分词做定语？实义动词（表达具体动作的那个动词）如果主动 ，如果被动 I was the only passenger who was left on the bus.= I was the only passenger left on the bus.I was the only passenger who stood on the bus.= I was the only passenger standing on the bus.造句练习：We visited a castle which was built 100 years ago.= We visited a castle built 100 years ago.The man who is speaking to the audience is the King.= The man speaking to the audience is the King.Victory belongs to those who believe in miracles.= Victory belongs to those believing in miracles.特别注意：定语从句什么时候不能简化？The girl working for Apple is my sister.= The girl who works for Apple is my sister.The girl who worked for Apple is my sister.这个时候，就不可以改成 The girl working for Apple is my sister.* 赏析：My fellow citizens:I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed( 授 予 ), mindful （记着想着）of the sacrifices borne（承担） by our ancestors.对比：My fellow citizens: I stand here today,and（或while）I am humbled（使人谦卑） by the task before us,and I am grateful for the trust you have bestowed(授予),and I am mindful of the sacrifices which were borne by our ancestors.东欣老师的学习提示：希望通过上一课和这一课的句型精讲，大家对于句子的简化“瘦身”有了更深的认识，同时我要提醒大家，分词结构是英文表达中相对比较难的模块，大家在学习的时候，掌握从宏观到微观的学习方法，先掌握主要的规律和思维，不用过于追求记诵规则，对于一些特殊用法不用过于较真。在大量地进行背诵和转述的操练后，形成语感，很多表达就能朗朗上口。【听记答案】1. 功能、效率、美感2. 状语从句的简化3. 定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语4. 关系代词和 be 动词LESSON 50 如何讲述生活趣事：随心而行Part 3. 故事转述1. 中英文逐句转述很多人喜欢说走就走的旅行，但是很少有人真正这样做。Many people like traveling at will, but very few of them actually do it.为啥会如此呢？How come ?很多人说他们没有足够的金钱和时间。Most of them say that they dont have enough time or money.但其实，情况往往不是如此。But this is not always the case.他们真正需要的并不是时间和金钱，而是一个真正旅行者的思考方式。What they truly need is not money or time but the mindset of a real traveler.我的朋友 Kevin 是一个真正的旅行者。My friend Kevin is a real traveler.他常常在旅行时不在乎目的地。He often travels without caring about the destination.最近，他做了一次短途旅行，但是旅程花的时间比他预计的长的多。He went on an excursion recently, but the trip took much longer than he had expected.上周他登上了一辆巴士之后，就告诉售票员他要去 Woodford Green 公园，但是他不知道具体在哪。Having got on a bus last week, he told the conductor that he would go to Woodford Green, but he didnt know its exact location.售票员答应会告诉他在哪下车。The conductor promised to tell him where to get off.Kevin 很确信不会错过自己的目的地，于是坐在巴士的前部，以便欣赏美丽的乡村风光。Sure that he wouldnt miss the destination, Kevin sat in the front of the bus to enjoy a good view of the countryside.那些风景如画的村落，让他看得入迷，忘记了时间。The picturesque villages swept him away and he totally lost track of (the) time.过了一段时间，巴士在路边停下，Kevin 很惊讶，他是车上的唯一的一个乘客。After some time, the bus pulled over and Kevin was astonished that he was the only passenger left on the bus.售票员告诉 Kevin 他得在那下车，因为那是巴士能到的最远地方了。The conductor told Kevin to get off there, because that was as far as the bus could go.【注意 as far as . ：If you have enough time, you can go as far as you want to 】当 Kevin 问她说是否到了 Woodford Green, 售票员才惊讶地意识到她忘了让 Kevin 下车了。When Kevin asked her whether it was Woodford Green, the conductor realized with a shock that she had forgotten to put Kevin off.但是，Kevin 一点儿也没有生气，说没关系，他可以就在那下车。But Kevin was not mad at all, saying that it didnt matter and he would get off there.然而，在知道巴士即刻就要返回之后，Kevin 改变了注意决定继续留在车上。However , after knowing that the bus was going back immediately, Kevin changed his mind and chose to stay on the bus.最后，他又欣然乘着舒适的巴士兜风一路回到了上车的地方。In the end, he enjoyed a comfortable ride all the way back to where he got on the bus.有些人可能会把 Kevin 看做是一个没有计划的差劲旅行者。但是我完全不这样认为。Some people might see Kevin as a lousy traveller without a plan. But I dont think so at all.他是一个理解旅行真正含义的人。He is a person who knows the true meaning of travel.旅行的意义就在于经历而不是目的地。Travelling is all about the experience rather than the destination.2. 全英文转述Many people like traveling at will, but very few of them actually do it. How come ?Most of them say that they dont have enough time or money. But this is not always the case. Whatthey truly need is not money or time but the mindset of a real traveler. My friend Kevin is a real traveler.He often travels without caring about the destination. He went on an excursion recently, but the trip took much longer than he had expected. Having got on a bus last week, he told the conductor that he would go to Woodford Green, but he didnt know its exact location. The conductor promised to tell him where to get off.Sure that he wouldnt miss the destination, Kevin sat in the front of the bus to enjoy a good view of the countryside. The picturesque villages swept him away and he totally lost track of (the) time. After some time, the bus pulled over and Kevin was astonished that he was the only passenger left on the bus. The conductor told Kevin to get off there, because that was as far as the bus could go.When Kevin asked her whether it was Woodford Green, the conductor realized with a shock that she had forgotten to put Kevin off. But Kevin was not mad at all, saying that it didnt matter and he would get off there. However, after knowing that the bus was going back immediately, Kevin changed his mind and chose to stay on the bus.In the end, he enjoyed a comfortable ride all the way back to where he got on the bus. Some people might see Kevin as a lousy traveller without a plan. But I dont think so at all. He is a person who knows the true meaning of travel.Travelling is all about the experience rather than the destination.3. 文化点评 旅行的真正意义是什么？我和大家分享几句我最喜欢的关于旅行意义的三段名言：I would like to share some inspirational Quotes about travel1） Robert Louis Stevenson：“I travel not to go anywhere, but to go. I travel for travels sake. The great affair is to move.”2） Terry Pratchett：“Why do you go away? So that you can come back. So that you can see the place you came from with new eyes and extra colors. And the people there see you differently, too. Coming back to where you started is not the same as never leaving.”3）H. Jackson Brown：“Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things that you didnt do than by the ones you did do. So throw off the bowlines（帆索）. Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the tradewinds（信风） in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover.”