新概念英语第二册Lesson49知识点详解讲义.docx

LESSON 49 如何讲述奇闻轶事：碎梦大风Part 2. 句型精讲如何让从句更加简洁？【上】1. 分词状语 - 英语高手的必备武器Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.这两句话都用了分词状语：相当于状语从句的简化第一句相当于：Because he was tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.第二句相当于：After he glanced at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.思维本质： 特别注意：“句子瘦身”有一个重要基本原则： 因此：状语从句“瘦身”的三个要诀：1) 何时省略连词？After I had brushed my teeth, I went to bed. =Having brushed my teeth, I went to bed. After having brushed my teeth, I went to bed.2) 何时省略主语？* 前后主语一致的情况下，可以省略主语，避免重复，听众不会有误解。* 如果主语不一致呢？ 【听记 1】3) 谓语如何处理？* 实义动词(表达实际动作的动词)：主动用 ；被动用 比如： After he glanced at (主动) the bits of wood and metal . -> Glancing at the the bits of wood and metal.Because he was tired（被动） of sleeping on the floor -> Tired of sleeping* be 动词改成 being，但大多数情况下 【听记 2】比如: As he was very eager to win , he worked super hard.= Being very eager to win, he worked super hard.= Very eager to win, he worked super hard.所以，形容词也可以作为状语，可以看做 * 完成时助动词： 【听记 3】比如：After I had brushed my teeth, I went to bed. Having brushed my teeth, I went to bed.不可以改成：Brushed my teeth, I went to bed.分词状语往往可以充当：1） 时间状语2） 原因状语3） 条件状语4） 让步状语5） 伴随状语6） 结果状语第一类：单独分词结构场景造句练习：场景 1：You got lost in a forest.Having walked in the forest for three hours, I still couldnt find the way out.= Though I had walked in the forest for three hours, I still couldnt find the way out.Not knowing where to go, I felt very scared.= Because I didnt know where to go, I felt very scared. Suddenly, I caught a glimpse of a wolf.Scared by what I saw, I was speechless.= Because I was scared by what I saw, I was speechless.Seeing a hunter pass by, I shouted for help.= When I saw a hunter pass by, I shouted for help.Hearing my voice, the wolf rushed towards me immediately.= When the wolf heard my voice, it rushed towards me immediately.Just at that moment, the hunter fired two shots, killing the wolf.= Just at that moment , the hunter fired two shots, and he killed the wolf.I looked at the wolf in front of me, still filled with horror.【伴随状语: 表示 】= I looked at the wolf in front of me and I was still filled with horror.The hunter walked up to me, saying “Dont be afraid, just follow me. ” Finally, we went out of the dangerous forest, leaving the dead wolf behind.第二类：独立分词结构I was listening to the old song, tears streaming down my cheeks. All the money having been spent, I had to borrow from my friends.= After all the money had been spent, I had to borrow from my friends.【注：也可以理解原因状语：Since all the money had been spent, I had to .】独立分词中的特殊用法： with + 独立分词表示：1）2） I looked at the burger on the table, with my mouth watering.= I looked at the burger on the table and my mouth was watering.With the cost soaring , the company had to lay off workers.= Because the cost was soaring , the company had to lay off workers总结：1) 分词状语结构，是英语高手必备的表达工具。2) 它的思维本质是： 3) 句子“瘦身”基本原则是： 4) 分词状语分两种：如果省略了主语，就是 如果保留分词的主语，就是 【听记答案】1. 保留主语，构成独立分词结构2. 可以省略3. 不可省略LESSON 49 如何讲述奇闻轶事：碎梦大风Part 3. 故事转述1. 中英文逐句转述嗨，Sam, 我刚刚读到了一个不可思议的故事，有一个年轻人在“床的坠毁”事件中幸存。Hey, Sam, I just read an unbelievable story about a man who miraculously survived a “bed crash”.【注意：这里我们用了仿拟（Parody /'pærdi/ ）】在存了几年钱之后，一个叫 Mark 的年轻人终于买了一个有弹簧和床垫的床。After saving up for years, a young man called Mark was able to buy a bed with springs and mattress.由于十分厌倦了睡在地上，他很自豪自己能第一次睡在了一张真正的床上。As he was sick and tired of sleeping on the floor, he was so proud of sleeping on a real bed for the first time.待在屋子里他感到太热，于是觉得睡在屋顶是个更好的办法。Feeling too hot in his house, Mark figured out that sleeping on the roof was a better idea.因此，他把床搬到了楼顶。So he carried the bed on to the roof.在晚上，夏日的凉风习习吹来，他躺在自己的新床上欣赏着满天星光的夜空，感到无比放松。With the cool summer breeze blowing during the night, he felt so relaxed while lying on his brand new bed and enjoying the beautiful starry sky.在头两天晚上，他享受着婴儿般的睡眠。For the first two nights, he slept like a baby.然而，到了第三天晚上，一阵意外的风暴刮了起来。However, on the third night, an unexpected storm blew up .【注意：up 可以表示程度加强，比如：speed up 加速, speak up 大声点】床被一阵强风刮了下来，重重地砸在了下面的院子里。The bed was swept off the roof by a gust of wind and crashed into the courtyard below.这个人怎么样了呢？What happened to the man ?令人惊讶的是，他竟然奇迹般地安然无恙，因为他落在了床垫上。Surprisingly，he was miraculously safe and sound, as he “landed” on the mattress.他做着香甜的美梦一直到了床坠落地面砸成粉碎后才醒来。His sweet dream wasnt interrupted until the bed hit the ground and was smashed to pieces.【复习：not.until 表示: 到.时候才. ：I wont be back until 10 oclock. 】当他醒来时，他发现自己周围都是碎木片和金属片。When he woke up , he found himself surrounded by bits of wood and metal.在扫视了破床一眼之后，这个年轻人伤心地搬起床垫拿进了屋子。After glancing at the broken bed, the man sadly carried the mattress back to his house.把床垫放在地上之后，他很快又睡着了。Having put it on the floor, he quickly fell asleep again.尽管 Mark 损失心爱的床，但是他很庆幸床垫救了他的命。Though Mark lost his beloved bed, he was thankful that the mattress had saved his life.我觉得生产床垫的公司一定会对自己产品的质量很自豪，他们会说：“有了我们的床垫，你甚至 可以在“床坠毁”后还安然无恙。”I believe the mattress company will be proud of the quality of its product, saying “With our mattress , you can even survive a bed crash !”2. 全英文转述Hey, Sam, I just read an unbelievable story about a man who miraculously survived a “bed crash”.After saving up for years, a young man called Mark was able to buy a bed with springs and mattress. As he was sick and tired of sleeping on the floor, he was so proud of sleeping on a real bed for the first time. Feeling too hot in his house, Mark figured out that sleeping on the roof was a better idea.So he carried the bed on to the roof.With the cool summer breeze blowing during the night, he felt so relaxed while lying on his brand new bed and enjoying the beautiful starry sky. For the first two nights, he slept like a baby.However, on the third night, an unexpected storm blew up. The bed was swept off the roof by a gust of wind and crashed into the courtyard below.What happened to the man ?Surprisingly, he was miraculously safe and sound, as he “landed” on the mattress. His sweet dream wasnt interrupted until the bed hit the ground and was smashed to pieces.When he woke up, he foundhimself surrounded by bits of wood and metal.After glancing at the broken bed, the man sadly carried the mattress back to his house. Having put it on the floor, he quickly fell asleep again.Though Mark lost his beloved bed, he was thankful that the mattress had saved his life. I believe the mattress company will be proud of the quality of its product, saying “With our mattress , you can even survive a bed crash !”3. 点评 如何获得好睡眠？Good sleep is as important as diet or exercise in keeping us happy and healthy.A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor's book. Irish Proverb Sleep is the best medicine.How can we have a good nights sleep ?Here are some useful tips from The National Sleep Foundation:1) Stick to a sleep schedule of the same bedtime and wake up time, even on the weekends.This helps to regulate your body's clock and could help you fall asleep and stay asleep for the night.2) Practice a relaxing bedtime ritual(仪式).Such as drinking warm milk, taking a warm bath, meditation, listening to light music etc.A relaxing, routine activity right before bedtime helps separate your sleep time from activities that can cause excitement, stress or anxiety.3) Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and heavy meals in the evening.4) If you have trouble sleeping, avoid naps, especially in the afternoon.5) Exercise daily. Even light exercise is better than no activity.6) Design your sleep environment to establish the conditions you need for sleep. Your bedroom should be coolbetween 60 and 67 degrees.Your bedroom should also be free from any noise that can disturb your sleep. Finally, your bedroom should be free from any light.