中考英语作文必备.doc

如何写好英语作文书面表达是对学生在初中阶段英语学习的综合考查，涉及篇章结构、句子构成、短语使用和单词拼写等多方面内容，以下就中考书面表达的写作方法和注意事项进行指导：一、认真审题，确定时态人称，同时关注题材格式1. 动笔之前，认真审题认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。2. 围绕中心，拟定提纲 书面表达评分原则有四条：（1）内容要点；（2）运用词汇和结构的数量；（3）运用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（4）上下文的连贯性。语言通顺，表达准确避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型（简单句）。注意语法、句法知识的灵活掌握。 时态：故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。 说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。 根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。二、找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出，写完后再涂掉。根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。三、成文时表述正确，文字流畅切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾，主系表等)。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。四、文章结构清晰，重点句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一个档次考虑文章的篇章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。常用连接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，Finally，In the end，At last2.表并列补充关系的：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition3.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，but，Although +clause( 从句)，In spite of +n/doing ,On the one handOn the other handSome，while others4.表因果关系的：Because，As，So，Thus，Therefore，As a result5.表换一种方式表达：In other words6.表进行举例说明：For example，+句子；For instance，+句子; such as +n/doing7.表陈述事实：In fact8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion9.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。宾语从句举例：I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.状语从句举例：If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.动名词做主语举例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes. Its bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.常用状语从句句型：1)时间when，notuntil，as soon as2)目的so that +clause ;to do( 为了)3)结果sothat +clause，tooto do(太以至于)4)条件if，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)5)让步though，although，even though，even ifno matter what/when/where/who/which/how6)比较asas，not soas，than五、认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。检查后，将草稿誊写在纸上，请注意按结构分段，书写清晰。写作中注意以下几点：（一）小词大用汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅，但在英语中可用一些常用词表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中很有用：take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。（二）借花献佛有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为刚刚做过题，记忆犹新，那么就可信手拈来，为我所用。（三）锦上添花，量力而行如果你还有时间和精力，想把书面表达写得更好，那么，请注意以下几点：(1) 句型多样化，不要I（We）到底，使人觉得乏味。(2) 适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句。(3) 进一步描绘人或事物时，适当使用定语从句。(4) 适当使用分词或分词短语，烘托谓语动词。(5) 偶尔使用一下倒装句，增加新鲜感。(6) 适当调换一下状语在句子中的位置，使句子不雷同。(7) 上下句子紧接时，其中完全相同的成分可以省略，以节省篇幅。（四）书写工整，卷面整洁字迹要清晰，让阅卷人看得清楚，不可字迹潦草，难以辨认，要保持卷面的整洁。（五）写完之后，勿忘检查中考作文，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此，中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：(1) 格式是否有错。(2) 拼写有无错误。(3) 语言是否用错。(4) 时态、语态错误。(5) 标点错误。(6) 人称是否用错。总之，只要用心，细心，写好中考作文并不是很难。中考热点话题一 健康问题（热点）例文1.健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们是非常重要的。你认为健康的生活习惯应当是怎样的呢？请根据下面的信息提示，写一篇短文，首句已给出。信息提示：健康饮食。 .早睡早起,不熬夜。 .参加运动,强身健体。要求:根据信息提示,把握要点,适当发挥,不逐字翻译。字数在80词左右。【参考范文】 I think healthy habits are very important for us. As we know, we must have enough food to keep us healthy. Breakfast is necessary. It gives us energy for the morning. We must also have the right kind of food. Remember to eat more fruit and vegetables but less junk food. Don't forget to wash your hands before meals. Staying up late at night is bad for our health. If we can't get enough sleep. We may have a headache. We should go to bed early. Of course it's necessary for us to take exercise. Exercise will keep us active and strong.2、2012年学生体质健康调查结果显示，学生近视率仍维持在高位水平，且越来越低龄化。请根据下表所提示的内容，用英语写一篇短文，并发表自己的观点。 现 状大约70%学生眼睛近视 主要原因1. 睡眠不足2. 长时间看书、做作业、用电脑等 预防方法1. 做眼睛保健操，多进行体育活动2. 养成正确的用眼习惯 你的观点 .（至少一条） One possible version:The survey shows that many students have become shortsighted at a very young age. At present, about 70% of the students are shortsighted. Here are some main causes.Some students may not have enough sleep. Some students spend too much time reading or doing their homework without a rest. Some students even like to watch TV or use computers for a long time.In order to have good eyesight, we should do eye exercises every day. We can also try to do more sports in our spare time. We should have the good habit of using our eyes.I think all of us should understand the importance of protecting eyes and try our best to protect them.二 关于环境保护问题（热点）1、保护环境( 四川乐山) 从2008年6月1日起，国家将禁止商家免费提供塑料袋，掀起全国“拒塑”的环保运动。假如你是李华，准备以“What Can We Do for the Environment” 为题，写一篇保护环境的英语演讲稿。内容包含：1.在购物时用布袋子替代塑料袋； 2.尽可能地再利用使用过的课本； 3.离开教室应关灯；4.最好走路或骑自行车上学； 5.简述理由：保护环境，减少污染，节约能源等注意：1.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入总词数；2.可根据要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3.文章中不能出现真实姓名和校名，否则以零分处理。 4.参考词汇：布袋子cloth bag塑料袋plastic bag保护protect能源energy污染pollution课本textbook参考作文： What Can We Do for the Environment? Hello, everyone. Im Li Hua. Its nice to speak about what we can do for the environment, and I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this problem. The first thing we can do is to use cloth bags in stead of plastic bags when we go shopping. It helps to protect the environment. The second thing we can do is to reuse the old textbooks as possible we can. We should also never forget to turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms in order to save energy. Whats more, it would be better if we walk or ride a bike to school. We should try our best reduce pollution and waste.In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. I believe we can make the world a better place to live in. Thank you for your listening!三 语言学习 （热点） Ellen看到大家都对自己的未来充满期待，感到特别高兴。为了鼓励大家学好英语，他准备出一期英语学习经验交流专刊。请根据以下问题和答案的提示并结合你的实际情况，以“My English Learning”为题写一篇80词左右的英文稿件，要求至少涉及其中的三个问题，并且不能出现你的真实姓名、校名和县名等。提示：When did you start learning English? (in /years ago)How do you learn English? (listen carefully, study with a group, read English every day)What is difficult to learn? (listening, grammar)What other helpful ways do you know to learn English well? (watch English movies, sing English songs)参考作文：English is one of my best subjects and I started learning English when I was ten years old. But at the very beginning, listening seemed a little difficult for me. So I have been doing a lot of listening practice, such as listening to tapes, watching English TV programs. And I found it really helped a lot. In fact, there are some more helpful ways to learn English well. For example, I enjoy singing English songs and I want to join an English club or find a pen pal from English-speaking countries. I believe that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it.四 兴趣与爱好（热点）兴趣爱好是中考常考话题，难度相对较小1、介绍你的兴趣爱好 My Hobby I am a 15-year-old student in junior Grade 3. Though I am occupied with my study, I would like to spend time on my hobbies, such as playing the piano, surfing the Internet. One of my favourite hobby is reading. Reading has been in my life for many years, since I began to learn characters. It can not only kill the time, but also, more important, help improve my comprehension ability. When reading, I can learn a lot. Reading Shakespear's works, I know how Hamlet looks like. Reading Scorates, I can see how great ancient Greek philosophers are. Reading Lu Xu, I come back to the old time of China. Reading really affects my life.  五 写人记事篇 感恩1. 初中阶段的学习即将结束，回想自己在父母和师长的关爱和帮助下的成长过程，心中充满感激之情。请用英语给父母或老师写一封80词左右的信表示感谢。 范文(1) Dear parents， Words fail me when I want to express my thanks to you. You have taken good care of me since I was born. When I am in trouble，you always encourage me and cheer me up. Once I argued with my best friend and was upset，you talked with me the whole night and finally helped me solve the problem. With your help，I have become a good student. I am so thankful for your love that I will work harder and try to do better in the future. Best wishes. Yours， Zhang hua六 .热点话题例文1. 网上购物 Doing Shopping OnlineWith the help of the Internet, shopping is not a difficult job. Just click your mouse to choose the article you like, and the shopping is finished. You needn't step out of the room.It seems easy and quick. But there's always a trap online. If you are careless, it will bring you some trouble. You may find the color of the article is different from what you want, or the size is either too small or too big. If you want to be different, you'd better not buy clothes online.Once you put on the clothes you bought online and go out, you will find many people wear the same clothes in the street.2. 配合我市开展“创建文明城市(build a civilized city)”活动，学校举办以“How to Behave Well”为主题的英语征文比赛。现在请你根据所给提示内容，用英语写一篇参赛短文。One possible version：（范文1）How to Behave Well?In order to build a civilized city, we students should try our best to behave well in the activities.It's a good habit to keep our clothes clean and tidy. Our city should be kept clean every day. Don't throw litter or spit about. It's good manners to say "Thank you" and "Please" and so on. We should never say dirty words. Be friendly to others and always ready to help the people in need. For example, when we are on a bus, we should give our seats to the old and the women with babies. We should also obey traffic rules. When the traffic lights are red, we should stop. And we'd better not talk or laugh loudly in public.If everyone behaves well, our city will be more beautiful and more attractive.Yue yang government has called on the citizens to save food and eat healthily so that we can enjoy our happy life. We middle school students should do something for it.3. 低碳生活保护环境是每一个人的职责。请你写一篇以“Lower Carbon(低碳),Happier Life”为题的英语短文。短文要点如下：1. 自己走路或骑自行车上学，父母骑车上班；（ride a bike, on foot）2. 节约用水，用电；（save, turn off, electricity）3. 将用过的课本留给低年级学生；（old books, next grade students）4. 购物时带上篮子，别用塑料袋。（basket, plastic bags）（范文）：Lower carbon, happier lifeIts our duty to protect the environment. The environment is becoming worse and worse, we must do something to prevent people from polluting the environment. First, we can ride to school or go to school on foot and tell our parents to walk to work instead of driving the car. Second, we should save water and electricity by turning off the taps and lights in time when we dont need them. Third, give the old books to the next grade students if we don't use them any more. By doing this, we can save many trees. At last, remember to go shopping with basket rather th an plastic bags. I believe our life will become better and better if we can do these things. 5. 安全请以“Keeping safe_ (at home/ at school /on the road)为题写一篇80词左右的英语短文。要求：补全标题：条理清晰，语言流畅;文中不得出现真实姓名、校名。内容包括：(1) Is it important to keep safe.?(2) Why do you think so?, (3)How can you be safe.?Keeping safe at schoolIts important for us to keep safe at school and it will make us study better and live more happily. In order to keep safe at school, we must do like these.First, be in order when we are going upstairs or downstairs. Second, make sure to be safe when we are doing sports. Try not to be hurt. Third, know about some knowledge of safety. Its helpful to us.If we follow the advice, well make ourselves safe at school.6.关于幸福 最近，你们班就“幸福是什么”进行了一次讨论，学生们发表了自己的看法，他们认为：1. 认真学习是幸福，父母总是关心他们的生活与健康，是幸福2. 有时当他们做错了事，周围的人会帮助他们改正，他们感到幸福。3. 你同意同学们的看法，你认为当你做你也会感到幸福。要求： 第三要点的内容需用三到四句话展开合理想象，进行适当发挥;词数80左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。范文示例：Happiness is for everyone. Some students think happiness comes from studying hard at their lessons. Their parents are always taking good care of their life and their health. They feel happy.Some students say when they do something wrong, people around them will help them to correct it. They believe this is happiness.I agree with them. I love my friends congratulating me when I enjoy success. When I do something kind to others, like congratulating them, I feel happy, too.When we think of these things, we realize that happiness is all around us.七、 梦想和未来篇1. 规划人生，成就未来。请以“My Dream”为题写一篇英语短文，描述你梦想的工作。 要求： 1文中不得出现真实的人名和校名等相关信息。 2词数：80100。标题和短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。 3参考词汇：be friendly to，help，study hard，come trueOne possible version: My Dream Everyone has his dream. My dream is to be a doctor. When I was in Grade seven, I was sick and often went to see doctors. The doctor were very friend to me and they often cheered me up. With the help of them, I was getting better. Now I'm very healthy. Since then I have hoped to become a doctor. I will study hard to get more knowledge in order to achieve my dream. I'll give my love to the patients as much as possible and help them out of danger.To be a doctor is really great. I think my dream will come true one day2. 暑假假期计划。One possible version:The summer vacation is coming. What are you going to do this vacation？Im going to Beijing this summer. I will visit some places of great interest. For example, I want to visit the Great Wall with my parents. Because I wan to be “a true man”. And I also want to visit the Tianan men Square. I am looking forward to meeting the foreigeners. Because I want to practice speaking English with them. Then I want to take part in the childrens palace. I want to learn to play the guitar. I want to be good singer in the future. I think being a singer is very cool. My favorite singer is like Micheal Jackson. I hope I can have a happy vacation. What about you? What are you going to do this summer? 八、 压力篇1. 中学生学习时间长、压力大，专家建议学生每天课后应采取适当的方式放松自己。你代表班级在一次 “The Ways for Students to Relax”的学校座谈中与二（1）班的Terry讨论了这一话题，请根据他的观点和你自己的观点，用英语给你的外籍教师Mr. Griffin写一篇有关这次讨论的汇报材料。    His ideas  Your ideas    1. Watching TV 1.    2. Playing computer games 2.    3. Hanging out with friends 3.    注意：    1. 开头和结尾已经写好；    2. 可以适当增加谈论话题时经常用到的话语，使内容连贯    3. 所写内容必须包括上面表格中他的观点和你自己至少三个观点    4. 词数：70字左右。      Mr. Griffin,    Recently I have had a discussion about The Ways for Students to Relax with Terry, a student from Class One Grade Two. _    Terry满分作文    Mr. Griffin,    Recently I have had a discussion about The Ways for Students to Relax with Terry, a student from Class One Grade Two . （As we study too long every day, every student should choose ways to relax.） In his opinion, the best ways are watching TV and playing computer games. He also believes that sometimes hanging out with friends isn't a bad way.    However, I'm not quite agree with him. In my opinion, watching