英语词汇记忆法.doc

英语词汇记忆法 重庆大学外国语学院何 伟 编著并主讲 1. 目标：熟悉和掌握: (“没有语法人们表达的东西很少，但是如果没有词汇就什么都表达不了。”)a: 英语六级大纲词汇中的1340个词汇; TOEFL:8000-15000 托福GRE:10000-30000 b: 英语中的200多个基本词根及词汇记忆法（立体记忆法） c: 在4000四级词汇的基础上力争把词汇量扩展到6500-70002“立体记忆法”的基本内容： a. 词根、词源法： 约占75% 85% b. 拟音、同音、近音联想法 5% c. 同形、近形联想法5% d. 同义、反义词 其它5%Word List 1.A.学习重点：熟悉和掌握词根： cess- (走)；mod-（模式，方式）；dict-（说）；her-（粘，连）；ject-（扔，抛）；mini-（小）；oli-（ali-）（成长）；ora-（嘴；说）；vers-（转）；flict-（打击）；ag-（做）；grav-（重）abnormal a.不正常的,反常的;变态的 BT, 分析 > (ab-: away + norm:标准 +- al ) 同源词：normal a. normalize, (normal school),abnormally enormous a. abnormality n. e-:out > ex-abolish vt.废除,废止 ( a law, slavery) 分析 > (ab-:away + oli- = ali-: to nourish,grow, feed) （记忆口诀:not to feed (so as to let it die) n.青少年时期 growing, adolescence > adult > old ad-= to, abolition n. abolitionist n. 废除主义者alumni association, alumnae, Alma Mater, abortion n.流产;堕胎 (forced abortion) 分析 > (ab-:away, not + ori-: to rise, east, sun + -tion) （记忆口诀：没能升起的太阳）aborted (plan) coup, origin n. gen-:originate v. originative, read English novels in original orient n/v. 东方 (the O), 定方向 (quality-oriented education, money-ed enterprise) sex orientation, homosexual, gay, lesbian, > occident n.西方 （the Occident） cid- = cad- = fall, accident, incident, coincidence, New Oriental, aborted a.流产的;(计划等)中途失败的 > an aborted plan abrupt a.突然的;鲁莽的 分析 > (ab-:away + rupt-: break) abruptly ad.突然地;鲁莽地erupt v. break out, e-:out, ex-corrupt a./v.腐败的,使堕落totally broken, (cor-:con-,com-: with, together) anti-corruption campaign, corruption n. interrupt v.打断 inter-: into, between, break intointeractive, disrupt vt. absurd a.荒谬的;可笑的; absurdity > ridiculous How absurd you are!abundance n.丰富;大量 > ( scarcity,rareness) 分析 > (ab-:away + unda-:water, wave + -ance) （记忆口诀：多得几乎要溢出来）abundant a.丰富的,充足的 (rich, plenty)undulate v.波动; inundate v. 泛滥;淹没 into + unda- + -ate redundant a.多余的,过剩的; redundance a. re-: again, backaccessory n.附件;妇女饰品; 帮凶，从犯 分析 > (ac-:to, toward + cess-: go + -ory) access, go togain access to(in)accessible a. （不）可以接近的 stern, ible- = able, can only be accessible by means of boat, concede v. concession, con- + cess-:success, successor, predecessor n. suc-= sub-: underprocess, procedure, ancestor n.祖先; anti-: before, ancient, precedent n.先例 (president) sid-: sit, unprecedented a., accommodate vt. 能容纳; 提供膳宿;使适应;给方便,通融 分析 > (ac-:to + com-:together + mod-:mode, manner + -ate)(记忆口诀：适应就是与某种模式、方式保持一致)accommodation n. mode, model, (im)moderate, Gang of Four, gangster, moderate statesman, > radical a. modern, modest,modify, GM food -fy vt. genetically modified food. modem n.调制解调器 /This classroom can accommodate 300 people./ /accommodate oneself to/ including accommodation, 6000 acquaint vt.使认识(+with);使熟悉(with) acquaint oneself with, acquaintance > nodding ：点头之交“Auld Lang Sign” = Old Long TimeShould auld acquaintance be forgotAnd never brought to mind. addict vt./n.使成瘾;使沉溺 ( +to) 分析 > (ad-:to + dict-: to say) （记忆口诀：对某物上瘾就是时时刻刻说着、念叨着该物） > diction n.措词; Walking dictionary, addictive a.上瘾的be addicted to drug (computer games), narcotics, Narcissus, F1, Helen, cocaine, heroine hero, contradict v. counter contradiction n.矛盾 predict v. predictor, predictable a. prophet, Mohumed, dictate v. dictation n. dictator n.proletariat dictatorship, adhere v.粘附;坚持(+to) 分析 > (ad-:toward + her-, hesi-: to attach, cling to系,粘) ac-: (in) coherent a.连贯的;协调的;(话语等)条理清楚的, co-: = con-, com-to speak incoherently, (in)coherence n. cohesion n.凝聚力 (national ), her- = hesi-:hesitate v. hesitant a.踌躇的If you have any question, please do not feel hesitant to ask me. inherent a. in = inner, inherent virtue, inherent beauty, be born with a silver spoon in ones mouth, in-born a. innate a. nat-: nature, native, naked, 光胴胴literal a. How are you?How old are you?adherent n.追随者; adhesive a./n.粘的;胶粘剂, adjacent a.毗连的,邻近的 > remote a. (remove) 分析 > (ad-:to+ jac- = ject-: throw,cast + -ent) > （记忆口诀： 近得在投掷范围之内）subject, sub-: under + ject-:suffer vt. suf-=sub- + fer-: carry, be subject to subjective, object to project vt. projector, pro-: forward, reject, re-: backinject vt. target, injection, adjoin v.毗连 (ad- + join) adjoining province, administer vt.管理;实施;给与（药）(ad- + minister) mini-: minister, -est, ministry, （记忆口诀：管理是由大臣、部长们来进行的）chief administrator n. administrative a.行政、管理的 (executive CEO) boss, c-= chief + e-= executive + o-= officer, administration n. Bush administration, bush, ambush = I am Bush!/administer justice：执法/ enforce, /administer medicine to a patient：给病人吃药/minute a./n. mini-:atom, a- + tom-: cut,anatomy n. butcher, minimum <> maximum, miniskirt, minibus, 迷你裙, miniature n. mini- + picture, minimize vt. microscope, 2008-02-29adolescent n./a. 青少年(的); 分析 > (ad- + ole-. Ali-: to nourish, grow) > (记忆口诀：正在长身体的就是青少年) （同源词见 abolish vt.） adore vt.崇拜;敬重;爱慕 (拟音：爱多)（反：despise, scorn）idol = ideal > idea > idiot, 分析 > (ad-:to + ore-: mouth, speak) (记忆口诀：崇拜即用语言（mouth口）赞扬)> oral a. oral English, adorer n. adorable a. idol n. > idea > ideal > idol, > idiot, admire vt. adverse a.不利的;逆向的> advantageous, favorable 分析 > (ad-: against + verse- = vert-: to turn) （记忆口诀：与 对向、逆向就是不顺、不利的）Adversities are a persons treasures. conversation n. conversely ad.相反地; convert vt.转变; (into) (in)convertible, versus prep. (VS) PK, versatile a.多才多艺的;多功能的 person, A jack of all trade but expert of none. version n. diverse a. diversity n. divert vt. diversion, avert vt.避免, advertise v. turn toadvertiser n.introvert n.内向的人; extrovert n.个性外向的人, ambivert, obverse n.钱币的正面; reverse n.背面;反面/adverse wind （current）：逆风（流）/ /adverse circumstance：逆境/Universe, uni-: one + vers-university n. aerial a./n.空气的;天线; (air)aesthetic a./n. 美学(的); 分析 > (aesthetic源于希腊语 = to feel) (记忆口诀：美学就是研究感知美的学问） >见 anaesthesia n. (an-: without + )麻醉 anaesthetize vt.使麻醉 > aesthetics n.美学 > (ethnic a. athlete n.)affiliate vt. 使隶属于 n. 附属机构；子公司分析 > (af- + fili-: of children + -ate) rank and file, file out of filial a.子女的 (filial duty: 孝顺)/an affliated middle school：附属中学/ /an affiliated company：分公司/ accessory, affirm vt. 1.断言; 2.证实 分析 > (af- + firm) > confirm infirm a.体弱的; infirmity n. firm n. infirmatory, afflict vt.使苦恼,折磨 分析 > (af- + flict-: to strike) afflictive a.令人痛苦的 conflict n./v. (conflicting a.) conflicting a.相矛盾的;冲突的 conflicting reports, inflict vt.使遭受;给予(打击) /to inflict a heavy loss upon sb./ /be afflicted with a disease：害病/agenda n.议程 分析 > (ag- = ig-, act: to act, do, drive) agent n. (special agent) enact, agency n. agil, agitate, agony n. 极度痛苦, (pain, trauma 搓麻 )agonize vt.使极度痛苦,折磨stability and economic construction are on the top agenda in China = priority, aggravate vt.加重;使恶化; 【口】激怒 > alleviate vt.减轻 分析 > (ag- = ad-:to + grav-: grave, serious + - ate) grave n.gravity n. engrave vt.Word List 2.学习重点：熟悉和掌握词根：greg-（群）；ag-（做）；ali-（别的）；lege-（法律）；levi-（升，抬）；loca-（地方）；it-（去，走）；lyz-（松）；onym-（名）；pend-（悬；称；付钱）；prais-（价）；apt（恰当的）；sault-（sult-,sali-,sail-）（跳跃）；simil-（同）；astro-（星）aggregate v./a.聚集 > segregate vt.分离,隔离 分析 > (ag-,ad-:to + greg-: group + -ate) segregate vt.分离,隔离, se-: away(racial segregation) separate, congregate v.聚集,使集合, congregation n. gregarious a.群居性的 (Human beings are gregarious beings.)lonely wolf, He is a wolf. agony n.极度痛苦；（感情上）突然、强烈的爆发 分析 > (see > agenda) > agonize v. （记忆口诀：要做成一件大事就要经受痛苦）agonizing a. (trauma n.创伤 > 用拟音法> 搓麻) gamble, 敢博/pile up the agony：渲染悲痛的事情/ /in an agony of joy：高兴到极点/alien a./n.外国的;外国人 vt. 【律】转让 分析 > ( from > ali- = alter: other) （记忆口诀：外国人就是从其他地方来的人） alter = change, alienate v. (in)alienable a.可让与的; (不能剥夺的) The right to marriage (education) is a persons inalienable right.alibi n. 【律】不在犯罪现场的证明, <ali-:other + bi-:be> excuse, alias n.别名 nickname, alter v. (other)alternate a./vi. 7alternator, every other day, alternative a./n. (other) Adam, Eve, Eden, Sadan, “Do you love me?”“Do I have any alternative?” optional course, compulsory course, allege vt.(无充分证据而)断言,宣称分析 > (al- = ad-: + lege-: law) > (il)legal（记忆口诀：在法律面前的宣称、断言） alleged a. allegedly ad.据说 allegation n. legal, legacy, alleviate vt.减轻,缓和 > aggravate, deteriorate, worsen, 分析 > (al-,ad-,ac- + levi-: to raise, lift) （记忆口诀：把重物从某人肩上抬起 > 减轻）lever n.杠杆; elevate vt.抬起,提高 elevation, elevator n. 电梯, lift n/v./alleviate ones sufferings：减轻某人的痛苦/allocate vt.分派,分配 (assign, distribute) 分析 > (al- + loc-: place,land + -ate)local a. locality, location n. locate vt.vi. locomotive n. relocate vt.重新安置/allocate duties to someone：给某人分配任务/ assign vt. alternate v./a. (两个)交替的,轮流的 (see > alien) /be on duty on alternate days：隔天轮流值班/ every other day, alternator, ambiguous a.含糊不清的;引起歧义的 >unambiguous, explicit,分析>(ambi-:around,two+ig-=ag-:to drive,hence to go)+-uous>to go > around, to wander about) introvert, extrovert, ambivert, (记忆口诀：朝着两个以上方向行驶 >方向不明确>含糊的)Ambi-: two, around,ambulance, 俺不能死, ambition n.雄心,抱负;野心 ambitious, 俺必行! 分析 > (ambi-: around + it-: go + -ion) (记忆口诀：抱负就是到处去闯荡)exit n. go out, transition, trans-:over, TRANSIT, 全顺initial a. go in, initiate vt.创始;开始实施, 使入门to initiate sb into cooking, initiative a./n.to take sbs initiatives, perish v.死去, (per-:bad) perishable a.易腐烂的 ( food)amend vt.修订,修改(a-+ mend vt.修理,修补) amendment n. amendableample a.大量的,丰富的 > bumper a.丰盛的 (bumper harvest)( = amplus) amplifier, amplify vt. (pli-:full + -fy: to enable)analogy n. 类似;比拟;类比; analogous a./to draw an analogy betweenand/GRE Verbal analogy, analytic a.分析的 (analyst n.)分析 > (analyze vt. ana-: away + lyz-: loosen, loose) psychological analysis, -ize v see > paralyze vt.使瘫痪 angel n.天使 (安琪儿 > Angela) > demon n.恶魔 > Satan n. Sadam, angel of street > chicken, prostitute > pro-: forward + stitut-: stand, arch-angel, anonymous a.匿名的 分析 > (an-:without + onym-: name + -ous) anonymous letter, synonym n.同义词 > antonym n. 反义词, sym-:same, anti-:sympathy, nomi-: nominal, nominate, antarctic n./a.南极(的) ant-: anti- + arctic n./a 北极(的)arctic region, Southern Pole, pole, Northern Pole, arc, arch, the Arch of Triumph, apparatus n.器械,仪器,设备;机构 分析 > (ap- + para-: to make ready,bring forth > see prepare, parent)07-09-12append v.附加 (+to) 分析 > (ap- + pend- : to hang, weigh, pay) > appendix depend > (in)dependent a. dependant n. expend v. > expenditure n. expense n. expensive a. suspend v. suspension n. suspense n.悬而不决;悬念 (to kick the bucket)pendulum n. pending a. impending a.即将发生的pension n. dispense vt.分发;省掉 (in)dispensable a. indispensable tool, applaud vi./vt.向鼓掌, 向喝彩 分析 > (from: explode > 形容掌声如雷)applause n. plausible a.貌似有理的 paradox n.More haste, less speed. appraise vt.估计;评价分析 > (from: price > value) > praise, appreciate v. depreciate vi. de-:downappraisal n./appraise historical characters correctly/apt a.恰当的;易于的 > inapt a.分析 > (= suitable > adapt v. adapt oneself to maladapted a. mal-:bad, maltreat vt. Malnutritionmalaria, aptitude n.才能;适宜; the survival of the fittest, adept a.熟练的 adopt, adapt, assassination n.暗杀 (assassinate vt. ass ass in n.) target assassination, murder,asshole, collaterall damage, assault vt./n.攻击;抨击 (attack) 分析 > (as-: at + sault-= sult-,sali-,sail-: leap) assail v. assailant, sexual assault = rape, result v./n. re-:back, insult v./n. (insulting remarks) resilient a.salacious a. assert vt.断言;坚持 (allege vt.) / oneself: 坚持自己的权利 self-asserted a. assimilate v. 同化;消化吸收; 分析 > (as- + simil- : similar, same + -ate)消化吸收; 同化 > melting pot, assemble v. assembly n. ( assemble line) resemble v. re-:back, sym-. Syn-: = same, sympathy, syndrome, symptom, AIDS, SARS, astronomy n.天文学 分析 > (astro-: star + -nomy) logy (记忆口诀：天文学就是研究星星的学问)astrology n.占星术 <> astronomy, astrologist n. palm-reader, > alchemy n.炼金术 > chemistry, astronaut n. > stargazer n.占星师;天文学家disaster n. dis-:down, comet, disastrous a. catastrophe n. astroid n. Word List 3.学习重点：熟悉和掌握词根：tend-（伸，张）；aug-（增长）；vail-（val-）（价值；力量）；vert-（转）；avi-（鸟，飞）；bat-（打，斗）； attendant n.陪从;服务员 分析 > (at-:toward + tend-: stretch +-ant)attend to, attention, attend, tension, extensive reading, extend vt. intend v. intention, intentional, tend to tendency,intensive reading, labor-intensive, hi-tech intensive, augment vt.扩大;提高 分析 > (aug-: to increase, grow)August n. Augustus, auction n./v. author n.authentic a.真实的,真正的 (author)orth- > orthodox, heterodox, homosexual, heterosexual, authorize vt.授权给;批准 (empower) author n.作者;创始人,创办者 authority n.权威(人士);职权;当局autonomy n.自治 分析> (auto-:self + -nomy) autonomous region，Auto, automobile, Bio-: life, biography, avail vt.vi/n.利用 分析 > (a-:to + vail-: value, strength) (un)available a.every facility available, value, evaluate, e-= ex-: out, (in)valid a. invalid n.validate vt.使有效 invalidate vt. 使无效, prevail v. (over) pre-: We shall prevail! prevalent a.valediction n.告别辞 /avail oneself of: 利用/ = to m