1983年考研英语试题及答案.doc

1983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IStructure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled (10 points)EXAMPLE:Tom has been unemployed _ he lost his job three weeks ago.A afterB sinceC beforeD whileANSWER: B1._ born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City.A AlthoughB SinceC AsD When2.Allen and I are in the same history class, but his assignment is different _ mine.A withB fromC againstD to3.They have all got up, and _.A Jack has tooB so has JackC Jack hasn'tD also has Jack4.I am sure that _ you said is wrong.A whichB allC thisD what5._ four years since John left school.A They have beenB It isC It wasD Those are6.I have been to the doctor's about my headache. He says there is _.A something seriousB anything seriousC not seriousD nothing serious7.This bicycle is his, not _.A theirB hersC herD your8.A good writer is _ who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way.A thatB heC oneD this9.Those are very pleasant rooms. How much do you _ them?A wantB demandC ask forD ask10.His honesty is _: nobody can doubt it.A in questionB out of the questionC beside the questionD without questionSection IIVerb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (10 points)EXAMPLE:Will you call them up and tell them we'll start as soon as the rain _ (stop)?ANSWER: stops11.He tried to avoid _ (answer) my questions.（were defeated/had been defeated）12._ (complete) one task, we started on another one.（were defeated/had been defeated）13.I wish you _ (not hurt) Jim so much. He is still very depressed.（were defeated/had been defeated）14.In recent years a number of communications satellites _ (put) into orbit about the earth.（were defeated/had been defeated）15.She sat at the window _ (read) a novel.（were defeated/had been defeated）16.If you had spoken clearly, you _ (understand).（were defeated/had been defeated）17.We think this house is worth _ (renovate).（were defeated/had been defeated）18.Don't get your schedule _ (change); stay with us in this class.（were defeated/had been defeated）19.I've got a loaf of bread; now I'm looking for a knife _ (cut) it with.（were defeated/had been defeated）20.There's no use _ (cry) over spilt milk.Section IIIError-detectionEach question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect, and circle the letter of your choice. If you find no mistakes in a sentence, circle the letter E for "No Error". Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points)EXAMPLE:1) The plant manager, many workers, very safety precautions. ANSWER: B2) To comprehend , student read . ANSWER: E21. an election was , voters from all of life were . （C approve of）22.I he discharged his serious mistake. （C approve of）23. adult novels young readers. （C approve of）24. number of made him was . （C approve of）25.This article deals the natural phenomenon which most interesting . （C approve of）26.Often we her not to late school. （C approve of）27.The sun the earth, makes possible plants to grow. （C approve of）28. the best my , he did very well his previous job. 29. along the street early the morning, he someone . （C approve of）（C approve of）30. you make decision, you must take . （C approve of）（were defeated/had been defeated）Section IVCloze TestFor each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A, B, C, and D. Choose the correct one and circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points)EXAMPLE:Bill came to work at the University thirty years _ today.A sinceB beforeC fromD agoANSWER: DIn the 20th century chemists have learned to make of new compounds that never existed . Many of them are useful to industry. Industry also found new uses old, well-known such as mercury, arsenic, and lead. We have learned to use radioactive substances in manufacturing electrical power, and some materials used in medicine. Many of these substances are poisonous to people. Accidentally or purpose, many of them are discharged into streams and lakes. Birds and fish are killed by them. In some people have been killed or by them. In some countries, many people were killed by eating fish that had lived in water contaminated with mercury; others were crippled life. There is no solution at present the problem of water pollution by many different kinds of industrial wastes. Ideally, all the wastes should be collected and used again.31.A the thousandB thousandsC a thousand（A）D one thousand32.A earlierB earlyC ago（D）D before33.A forB toC of（B）D with34.A thingsB mattersC substances（C）D materials35.A inB withC on（B）D for36.A casesB conditionsC situations（D）D environments37.A got sickB fell sickC became sick（B）D made sick38.A moreB stillC the（A）D most39.A inB ofC for（A）D by40.A ofB inC about（C）D toSection VReading ComprehensionEach sentence below is followed by four statements. One of the statements is a suggestion which can be made from the information given in the original sentence. Read the sentences carefully and circle your choice. Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points)EXAMPLE:What is most obvious in this book are all those details of daily living which make Mrs. Richards anything but common.A Mrs. Richards is very obvious.B Mrs. Richards is an unusual person.C Mrs. Richards is anything she wants to be.D Mrs. Richards is quite ordinary.ANSWER: B41.Dr. Smith made a long speech in which he implied that he was a friend of the Dean's.A Dr. Smith was not a friend of the Dean's.B Dr. Smith gave a talk in which he said he was a friend of the Dean's.C Dr. Smith suggested in his speech that he was a friend of the Dean's.D Dr. Smith made a moving speech in which he said that he was a friend of the Dean's.42.Reading between the lines, I should say the scientists are disappointed at the outcome of the research project, though they will not openly admit it.A The scientists admit that their research project is a failure.B The scientists are not satisfied with the outcome of the research project.C The scientists deny that the outcome of the research project is a failure.D The outcome of the research project is not a failure.43.John and I did not see each other very often, but whenever I was in trouble he always came to me and offered his help.A I was often in trouble.B John was a true friend of mine.C John came to see me only when I was in trouble.D Time and again John came to my help.44.When he entered the room, we all stopped talking and glanced at each other uneasily.A We were all afraid of him.B We all respected him.C He was a friend of ours.D He was an opponent to all of us.45.It is a tale which holds children from play, and old men from the chimney corner.A The children are player.B The story is fascinating.C The old men are sitting near the chimney corner.D The tale is about children and old men.Section VIStructure and VocabularyFill in the blanks with the words which best complete the meaning of the sentences. (10 points)EXAMPLE:If the teams were not so evenly matched, it would be easier to _ the outcome.A precedeB expectC foretellD countANSWER: C46.The twins are so much _ that it is difficult to tell one from the other.A similarB equalC like（C）D alike47.The photo _ happy memories of my early childhood.A refreshedB brings to mindC stimulates（C）D reminds myself48.This album is _ as it was the only one ever signed by the President.A unusualB uniqueC rare（C）D singular49.The firemen managed to _ the fire in time.A extinguishB preventC stop（C）D suppress50.I believe reserves of coal here are _ to last for fifty years.A sufficientB efficientC persistent（C）D rich51.This room is partly _ with a few old armchairs.A providedB decoratedC beautified（C）D furnished52.Henrys news report covering the conference was so _ that nothing had been omitted.A clearB integratedC comprehensive（C）D understandable53.These plastic flowers look so _ that many people think they are real.A beautifulB naturalC comparable（C）D similar54.We are now _ a new English-Chinese dictionary.A composingB writingC compiling（C）D creating55.The students _ their thanks to Professor Davis by presenting him with a parting gift.A revealedB expressedC showed（C）D saidSection VIIChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English. (15 points)56.我们不同意他刚才说的话。57.在老师再解释一遍后，同学们才听懂这句子的意思。58.我们很高兴他如期完成任务59.我们对他解决问题的方法很感兴趣。60.我们虽然引进新技术和设备，但是我们将主要依靠自己来实现国个现代化。Section VIIIEnglish-Chinese TranslationChoose either of the following two passages and translate it into Chinese. (25 points)(1)Let us suppose that you are in the position of a parent. Would you allow your children to read any book they wanted to without first checking its contents? Would you take your children to see any film without first finding out whether it is suitable for them? If your answer to these questions is yes, then you are just plain irresponsible. If your answer is no, then you are exercising your right as a parent to protect your children from what you consider to be undesirable influences. In other words, by acting as an examiner yourself, you are admitting that there is a strong case for censorship.Now, of course, you will say that it is one thing to exercise censorship where children are concerned and quite another to do the same for adults. Children need protection and it is the parents responsibility to provide it. But what about adults? Arent they old enough to decide what is good for them? The answer is that many adults are, but dont make the mistake of thinking that all adults are like yourself. Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. Like the law, it contributes to the common good.Some people think that it is a shame that a censor should interfere with works of art. But we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being works of art.When censorship laws are relaxed, dishonest people are given a chance to produce virtually anything in the name of art. One of the great things that censorship does is to prevent certain people from making fat profits by corrupting the minds of others. To argue in favour of absolute freedom is to argue in favour of anarchy. Society would really be the better if it were protected by correct censorship.(2)If the sun has enough power to warm and light the whole earth, it must have enough power to do other things, too. Can we use the suns abundant energy to supply electricity, or at least to perform the functions which electricity or other types of power usually perform? The answer is yes.For example, people have for many years been using the reflected heat of the sun to cook by. Solar cookers have been built with several curved mirrors reflecting the sun and focusing its heat on the cooking element. This apparatus can be used just like a gas or electric stove; it is more expensive to make but it does not need any fuel, and so costs nothing to use. Another possibility of using solar energy is in house-heating.The form of energy we use most is electricity, and every day more is needed. But electricity has to be made, too, and to make it huge quantities of fuel are required oil, coal, gas and nowadays even uranium.The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? Nobody knows for sure, but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources. It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.Solar power has already been used to produce terrific hat. In Southern France a solar furnace has been built, where temperatures reach more than 3000° Centigrade. This furnace is only used for experiments at present, but could be used to produce steam for a power station.So it is possible that one day in the near future we will depend on solar furnaces and power stations to provide our electrical needs. Or perhaps each home will have a solar generator to provide power for lighting and heating.1983年考研英语真题答案Section I: Structure and Vocabulary (10 points)1.A2.B3.B4.D5.B6.D7.B8.C9.C10.DSection II: Verb Forms (10 points)11. answering12.Having completed13.had not hurt14.have been put15.reading16.would have been understood17.renovating18.changed19.to cut20.cryingSection III: Error-detection (10 points)21.A 22.C 23.C 24.A 25.B 26.E 27.B 28.A 29.E 30.D Section IV: Cloze Test (10 points)31.B32.D33.A34.C35.C36.A37.D38.B39.C40.DSection V: Reading Comprehension (10 points)41.C42.B43.B44.A45.BSection VI: Structure and Vocabulary (10 points)46.D47.B48.B49.A50.A51.D52.C53.B54.C55.BSection VII: Chinese-English Translation (15 points)56.We do not agree with what he has just said.57.The students did not understand the meaning of the sentence until the teacher had explained it a second time.58.We are very glad that he has fulfilled the task in time.59.We are interested in the way he solved the problems.60.Although we import some new techniques and equipment, we will rely mainly on ourselves to realize the four modernizations.Section VIII: English-Chinese Translation (25 points)(1)让我们假设你处在家长的地位。你会允许你的孩子们随便读他们想读的书而不首先查一下内容吗？你会随便带你的孩子去看电影而不首先搞清楚这部片子对他们是否合适吗？假如你对这些问题的回答是“是”的话，那你简直就是不负责任。如果你回答“否”，那你就是在运用你家长的权利来保护你的孩子，使他们免受你认为不良的影响。换句话话，你在作为检查者时已经认定实行审查很有必要。当然，你会说审查对儿童而言是一回事，但对成人却是另一回事。儿童需要保护，提供这种保护是父母的责任。