CATTI《英语笔译综合能力》二级 修订版 词汇与语法自检测试 试题与解析.doc

CATTI英语笔译综合能力（二级）（修订版）词汇与语法自检测试 试题与解析 35-37页英语笔译综合能力（二级）（修订版）2011年9月第二版第三单元 词汇与语法自检测试测试一Part 1 试题及解析1. I tried very hard to restrain my laugh, but tears started flowing down my cheeks and I began_.A. proffering B. defraudingC. guffawingD. deflecting2. Human relations seem stubbornly set. Wars have not been abolished, labor troubles have not _ , and racial tensions are still with us.A. limited B. abated C. solvedD. reduce3. No set of texts can be fully relied on; the information from the texts has been analyzed and _by a team of lexicographers.A. appraised B. apprised C. appreciated D. apprehended 4. Scientists succeeded in transmitting a skin wart from a wild rabbit to domestic rabbits. Moreover, in the domestic rabbits the warts were no longer _ , but malignant.A. sluggishB. ineffableC. benignD. philanthropic5. The announcement will_the rumors of a takeover that have plagued the company for the past 18 months.A. appendB. scotchC. exhortD. exhale6. A _ is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooled over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.A. duet B. fag C. tonic D. barbecue7. Many animals display _instincts only while their offspring are young and helpless.A. cerebralB. imperious C. rueful D. maternal 8. According to the census _, female life expectancy will increase from 78.3 in year 1981 to 81.3 in year 2005.A. frame B. approach C. regulation D. projection9. As a politician, she has to have the_ of inspiring confidence in her listeners.A. flukeB. knackC. frenzy D. venison10. Willpower isnt immutable _ were either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help us achieve our goals.A. trait B. traitor C. character D. temperament11. Sons of high-ranking females may remain at the center of the troop while others are driven to the_.A. peripheryB. perverseC. rewardingD. salutary12. He developed a habit of_ after dinner every day so that he can work more diligently in the afternoon.A. snort B. siesta C. snarl D. benefaction13. The rope bridge over the river was so _that only one person at a time could use it.A. precariousB. stiffC. broadD. tenuous14. The authorities will_ your license if you get another speeding ticket.A. evoke B. provoke C. revoke D. invoke15. You had the _situation in which Luxembourg had more listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the United Kingdom.A. luminousB. luculent C. lubricant D. ludicrous16. Two months later a _ calling itself the "New Opposition" issued a circular to all members.A. faction B. retribution C. rector D. screenplay17. In a world where you can tell the rich from the poor by their Internet connections, the poverty line_ the high-speed-digital line.A. trip out B. trigger outC. trigger of D. trip over 18. But with industrialization_ , the HRS is facing a two-pronged challenge: the increase in idle farmland and the pressing demand to convert farmland into agricultural corporate holdings.A. in full gale B. on full gale C. in full gear D. on full gear19. Although the members of Parliament wanted to go home, no hope for an early_ could be entertained.A. postponement B. compromise C. adjustment D. adjournment20. Philosophical problems arise when people ask questions that, though very _ , have certain characteristics in common.A. diverseB. abstract C. elementaryD. relevant答案及解析1. Cprofferv Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr sth(to sb) (fml 文) offer sth 提供 提出某事物: He refused the proffered assistance. 他拒绝接受向他提供的帮助. * She proffered (him) her resignation. 她（向他）提交了辞呈. * May we proffer you our congratulations? 请让我们向你表示祝贺.defraudv Tn, Tn.pr sb (of sth) get sth from sb by deception; cheat sb 从某人处骗取某物; 欺骗某人: She was defrauded of her money by a dishonest accountant. 她的钱被一个奸诈的会计骗去了.guffawv (derog 贬) I give a noisy laugh 哄笑; 大笑.guffaw是题干中laugh的近义词deflectTn, Tn.pr sb (from sth) (fig 比喻) turn sb away from his intended course of action 使某人改变原来的计划: not easily deflected from one's purpose/aim 不容易改变自己的意图目的.A/B/D三项词义不对，词性也不对，此处应填不及物动词2. Blimit/solve/reduce都是及物动词，应为have not been limited/solved/reducedabated I, Tn (formal) (of wind, noise, pain, etc) make or become less （指风力 声音 痛苦等）减小, 减少, 减轻: The ship sailed when the storm had abated. 那船在暴风雨减弱後启航了. * People are campaigning to abate the noise in our cities. 大家正在进行一场减低城市噪音的运动.原文出处：While the roots of social psychology lie in the intellectual soil of the whole western tradition, its present flowering is recognized to be characteristically an American phenomenon. One reason for the striking upsurge of social psychology in the United States lies in the pragmatic tradition of this country. National emergencies and conditions of social disruption provide special incentive to invent new techniques, and to strike out boldly for solutions to practical social problems.Social psychology began to flourish soon after the First World War. This event, followed by the great depression of the 1930s, by the rise of Hitler, the genocide of Jews, race riots, the Second World War and the atomic threat, stimulated all branches of social science. A special challenge fell to social psychology. The question was asked: How is it possible to preserve the values of freedom and individual rights under condition of mounting social strain and regimentation? Can science help provide and answer? This challenging question led to burst of creative effort that added much to our understanding of the phenomena of leadership, public opinion, rumor, propaganda, prejudice, attitude change, morale communication, decision-making, race relations, and conflicts of war.Reviewing the decade that followed World War II, Cartwright 1961 speaks of the “excitement and optimism” of American social psychologists, and notes “the tremendous increase in the total number of people calling themselves social psychologists.” Most of these, we may add, show little awareness of the history of their field.Practical and humanitarian motives have always played an important part in the development of social psychology, not only in America but in other lands as well. Yet there have been discordant and dissenting voices. In the opinion of Herbert Spencer in England, of Ludwig Gumplowicz in Austria, and William Graham Sumner in the United States, it is both futile and dangerous for man to attempt to steer or to speed social change. Social evolution, they argue, requires time and obeys laws beyond the control of man. The only practical service of social science is to warn man not to interfere with the course of nature or society. But these authors are in a minority. Most social psychologists share with Comte an optimistic view of mans chances to better his way of life. Has he not already improved his health via biological sciences? Why should he not better his social relationships via social sciences? For the past century this optimistic outlook has persisted in the face of slender accomplishment to date. Human relations seem stubbornly set. Wars have not been abolished, labor troubles have not abated, and racial tensions are still with us. Give us time and give us money for research, the optimists say.3. Aappraise v Tn assess the value or quality of (sb/sth) 评价; 估价; 鉴定; 评定: appraise a student's work 评定学生的作业 * an appraising glance 估量的眼光 * It would be unwise to buy the house before having it appraised. 买房子不事先估价是不明智的.apprisev Tn.pr esp passive 尤用於被动语态 sb of sth (fml 文) inform sb of sth 将某事通知某人: I was apprised of the committee's decision. 我已获悉委员会的决定apprehend Tn (fml 文) seize (sb); arrest 逮捕; 拘押: The thief was apprehended (by the police) in the act of stealing a car. 窃贼在偷汽车时当场被（警察）抓住.4. C题干生词：wartsmall hard dry growth on the skin 疣; 瘊子.题干关键词：malignant(a) (of a tumour) growing uncontrollably, and likely to prove fatal （指肿瘤）恶性的, 致命的: The growth is not malignant. 这个瘤不是恶性的.选项辨析：sluggish adj slow-moving; not alert or lively; lethargic 行动迟缓的; 不机警或不活泼的; 无精打采的: a sluggish stream, pulse 流速缓慢的溪流 跳动缓慢的脉搏 * sluggish traffic, conversation 缓慢行驶的车辆 无生气的谈话 * These tablets make me feel rather sluggish. 我吃了这些药片感到困倦无力.ineffableadj (fml 文) too great to be described in words 不可言喻的; 难用言语表达的; 不可言状的: ineffable joy, beauty, etc 难以形容的喜悦 美丽等.benign(of a tumour, etc) not likely to spread or recur after treatment; not dangerous （指肿瘤等）良性的, 无危险的.与malignant是反义词philanthropicadj of or inspired by philanthropy 博爱的; 慈善的; 仁慈的: philanthropic organizations, eg to help poor or disabled people 慈善机构 * philanthropic motives 仁慈的动机.5. B题干生词：plague Tn cause trouble or difficulty to (sb/sth) 给（某人某事物）造成麻烦或困难: a construction schedule plagued by bad weather 因天气恶劣受阻的工程进度.选项辨析：appendv Tn, Tn.pr sth (to sth) (fml 文) attach or add sth (esp in writing) 附加, 添上或增补某事物（尤指文字）: append one's signature to a document 在文件上加上署名 * append an extra clause to the contract 在合同上增加一项条款.scotchv Tn (a) stop (esp a rumour, etc) being believed 遏止, 阻止（尤指谣言等）: His arrival in the capital scotched reports that he was dead. 他抵达首都一事止住了说他已死的传言. (b) stop (a plan, etc) being accepted or carried out 阻止（计画等）.exhortv Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.t sb (to sth) (fml 文) advise sb strongly or earnestly; urge sb 劝告, 规劝或告诫（某人）: The chairman exhorted the party workers to action. 主席敦促党的工作人员采取行动. * The teacher exhorted him to work hard. 教师谆谆告诫他要用功.exhalev I, Tn (fml 文) 1. breathe (sth) out 呼出（某物）: She exhaled slowly to show her annoyance. 她长吁着气以示厌烦. * exhale air from the lungs 从肺中呼出气来 * exhale smoke 吐出烟雾. 2. give off or expel (gas or vapour) 散发或排出（气体）.6. D题干关键词：grill (a) device on a cooker that directs heat downwards for cooking meat, toasting bread, etc （热力自上而下的）烤架: an electric grill 电烤架 * an eye-level grill 平视烤架 * Put it under the grill for a minute to brown the top. 放在烤架下烤一分钟把上部烤成金黄色. * attrib 作定语 a grill pan 焙盘. (b) gridiron (for cooking on) （热力自下而上的）烤架.选项辨析：duet(also duo) n piece of music for two players or singers 二重奏曲; 二重唱曲: a duet for violin and piano 小提琴和钢琴的二重奏曲 * We sang a duet. 我们唱了一曲二重唱.fagsing, U (infml 口) tedious and tiring job 沉闷而又吃力的工作: I've got to tidy my room. What a fag! 我得整理自己的房间. 真是累人的事. * It's too much (of a) fag. 这工作真叫人吃不消. 2. C (Brit infml 口) cigarette 香烟. 3. C (Brit) (formerly) junior boy at a public school performing certain duties for a senior boy （旧时）公学中为高年级男生服务的低年级男生.tonicn 1. C, U medicine that gives strength or energy, taken after illness or when tired补药; 滋补品. 2. C usu sing 通常作单数 (fig 比喻) anything that makes people feel healthier or happier 使人感到健康或快乐的事物: Praise can be a fine tonic. 赞美的话有时真让人感到美滋滋的. * The good news acted as a tonic on us all. 那个好消息使我们大家欢欣鼓舞. * attrib 作定语 the tonic effects of sea air 海上空气的保健作用. 3. C, U = tonic water. 4. C (music 音) keynote 主音.# tonic water (also tonic) mineral water flavoured with quinine 汤尼水（以奎宁调味的含矿物质的饮料）: a bottle of tonic water 一瓶汤尼汽水 * a gin and tonic 杜松子酒加汤尼水 * Two tonic waters/tonics, please. 请来两份汤尼汽水.barbecuen 1. C metal frame for cooking meat, etc over an open fire （在篝火上烤肉等用的）金属烤架. 7. D题干关键词：instinctn. natural feeling that makes one choose to act in a particular way 直觉:* The sight of the helpless little boy aroused her maternal instinct(s). 她看见那孤苦无助的小男孩激发了她的母性.offspringn (pl unchanged 复数不变) (fml 文) (a) child or children of a particular person or couple （某人或某夫妇的）孩子, 子女: She's the offspring of a scientist and a musician. 她是一位科学家和一位音乐家的女儿. * Their offspring are all very clever. 他们的子女都很聪明.选项辨析：cerebralintellectual (rather than emotional) 理智的（非感情的）: His poetry is very cerebral. 他的诗很有理性.imperiousadj (fml 文) proud and arrogant; domineering; expecting obedience 傲慢的; 飞扬跋扈的; 专横的: an imperious look, command, gesture 飞扬跋扈的样子 专横的命令 傲慢的姿势.ruefula.悔恨的maternalof or like a mother （似）母亲的: maternal affection, feelings, duties, etc 母亲的爱 感情 责任等 * She feels very maternal towards him. 她对他充满母爱.8. Dframe/approach/regulation词义明显不对，在此不赘述projectionC estimate of future situations or trends, etc based on a study of present ones 对未来形势的估计; 预测; 推断: sales projections for the next financial year 对下一财政年度销售情况的预测.9. Bfluken (usu sing 通常作单数) (infml 口) thing that is accidentally successful; lucky stroke in a game 侥幸的成功; （在比赛中）侥幸击中: Passing the exam was a real fluke he didn't work for it at all. 他考试及格实在是侥幸, 因为他根本没下过功夫. * That shot was a sheer fluke. 那完全是靠侥幸击中的.knack n sing skill at performing some special task; ability 技巧; 诀窍: Making an omelette is easy once you've got the knack (of it). 一旦你掌握了煎蛋饼的技巧, 做起来就很容易了. * There's a knack in/to locking this door which takes a while to master. 锁这门要有窍门, 得用些时间才能学会. * I used to be able to skate quite well, but I've lost the knack. 我从前滑水滑得很不错, 可现在没有这本事了.frenzyn sing, U state of extreme excitement; extreme and wild activity or behaviour 极度激动的状态; 极度狂乱的活动或行为: in a frenzy of zeal, enthusiasm, hate, etc 疯狂的激情 热情 仇恨等 * The speaker worked the crowd up into a (state of) frenzy. 演讲者煽动起群众疯狂的情绪.venisonn U flesh of a deer used as meat （食用的）鹿肉: roast venison 烤鹿肉.10. 原文出自1997年英语专业八级考试真题TEXT EWillpower isnt immutable trait were either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help us achieve our goals.题干关键词：immutableadj (fml 文) that cannot be changed; that will never change 不可改变的; 永恒不变的: an immutable decision 不可更易的决定 * immutable principles/laws 永恒不变的原则规律.选项辨析：traitn element in sb's personality; distinguishing characteristic 人的个性; 显着的特点; 特徵: One of his less attractive traits is criticizing his wife in public. 他有个不大讨人喜欢的特点, 就是爱当众责备妻子.traitorn (to sb/sth) 1 person who betrays a friend, his country, a cause, etc 背叛者; 卖国贼; 叛徒: He's a traitor to himself, ie has acted against his own principles. 他背叛了自己的信条.词义明显不对，词型与trait相近，为干扰项由题干得知此处填不可数名词，character作不可数名词的含义：U (a) striking individuality 显着的个性: drab houses with no character 没有特色的单调房屋. (b) moral strength 道德的力量; 品格; 品德: a woman of character 有道德的女子 * It takes character to say a thing like that. 说那样的话需要有骨气. * Some people think military service is character-building. 有些人认为服兵役能陶冶情操.temperamentn C, U person's nature as it affects the way he thinks, feels and behaves 气质; 性情; 禀性: I've got a very nervous temperament. 我很神经质. * a man with an artistic temperament 有艺术家气质的男子 * The two brothers have entirely different temperaments. 他们兄弟俩的性情完全不同. * To be a champion, skill is not enough you have to have the right temperament. 要当冠军, 光有技巧还不够-还必须有相应的禀赋. * Opera singers often display a lot of temperament, ie are moody or excitable. 歌剧演员的性情常常不稳定（情绪多变或爱激动）.A, C, D三项词义相近，容易混淆，需要仔细体味题干语意再做出最匹配的选择。11. Aperiphery(fig 比喻) (esp in social, political or intellectual life) position far away from the centre; the fringe （尤指社交 政治或文化生活的）外围, 边缘: The ideas are also expres