冲刺2022中考英语一轮复习教材梳理课件八年级下册 Units 1-2.pptx

八年级下册 Units 1-201核心考点详解 考点1 Whats the matter?你怎么了？I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。(Unit 1 P1) 【点拨】Whats the matter?=Whats wrong/the trouble?用来询问病情或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题。其后跟询问的对象时，与介词 with 连用。答语常为表示身体状况或者用来表达所处困境的句式。如：Whats wrong with the boy?这个男孩怎么了？He has a cold.他感冒了。【拓展】询问“某人怎么了？”,常用以下句型：( )1._?Ive got a cold.I feel terrible.A.How do you feel about itB.Whats the matter with youC.How long have you been like thisD.What can I do to help youB学以致用( )2._,doctor?He has a toothache. A.What can I do for himB.Can I help youC.Whats wrong with my sonD.How do you feel学以致用C 考点2 I think you should lie down and rest.我认为你应当躺下休息。(Unit 1 P2)【辨析】lie 与 lay单词词性词义过去式过去分词现在分词 liev.躺；位于 laylainlying说谎liedliedlyinglayv.放置；下蛋 laidlaidlayinglien.谎言He lay on the beach.他躺在沙滩上。The cinema lies in the center of the city.电影院位于市中心。She lied to her mother.她对她妈妈撒谎了。He laid the egg on the table carefully.他小心地把鸡蛋放在桌子上。The cock never lays eggs.大公鸡从不下蛋。 规则是撒谎：lie-lied-lied；不规则是躺：lie-lay-lain;躺过就下蛋：lay-laid-laid，下蛋不规则。巧记口诀解释：lie(撒谎)的过去式和过去分词是规则变化，lie(躺)的过去式和过去分词是不规则变化，lie(躺)的过去式是 lay，lay(下蛋)的过去式和过去分词是不规则变化。【图解助记】 ( )1.Hong Kong_in the southeast of China and Its known as “the Pearl of the East”.A.liesB.livesC.laysD.lists( )2.The young mother_the baby down gently on the bed.A.liedB.laidC.layD.lain( )3.The girl_on the ground_ to me that she had_ the wallet on the desk. A.lying;lay;laidB.lying;lied;laidC.lied;lay;lainD.lied;lied;lain学以致用ABB考点3 As a mountain climber,Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。(Unit 1 P6)【辨析】used to do sth.， be/get used to doing sth.，be used to do sth.，be used for (doing) sth.，be used as sth. 与 be used by sb.短语含义及用法used to do sth.过去常常做某事(to 为不定式符号)be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词)短语含义及用法be used to do sth.(=be used for doing sth.)被用来做某事(不定式作目的状语；for 短语表用途)be used as sth.被用作(as 意为“作为”)be used by sb.被使用(by 后接动作的执行者)He used to get up at 7 oclock.他过去常常 7 点起床。Theyve got used to living in the countryside.他们已习惯于住在乡村。 The machine is used to cut things.=The machine is used for cutting things.这台机器是用来切割东西的。English is used as a foreign language in China.在中国，英语被用作一门外语。Smartphones are used by many people all over the world.全世界许多人都使用智能手机。( )1.After dinner,he used to_computer games,but now he is used to _. A.play;walkB.playing;walkingC.play;walkingD.playing;walk用适当的介词填空。2.He was used _the cold weather after he lived there for two years 3.Stones can be used _building houses.to学以致用Cfor4.The big table can be used _a bed. 5.The machines are used _workers.学以致用asby考点4 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.在遭遇意外后阿伦 没有放弃，并且如今继续登山。(Unit 1 P7)【点拨】give up 意为“放弃”，为“动词+副词”构成的短语。既可单独使用，也可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语(give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”)；当代词作宾语时，要将代词放在 give 与 up 之间，名词作宾语放在中间或后面均可。如：David has decided to give up football at the end of this year. 戴维已经决定今年年底就不再踢足球了。 Although math is very difficult,dont give it up.虽然数学很难，但是不要放弃它。Why dont you give up smoking?你为什么不戒烟?【拓展】与 give 有关的常考短语： 1.I will never give up_(do) sports because I hope I will be healthier. ( )2.Dad,smoking is bad for your health.Youre right.Ive decided to .A.take it downB.find it out C.turn it offD.give it up学以致用doingD考点5 Clean Up Day is only two weeks from now.We cant put off making a plan.清洁日离现在只有两周了。我们不能推迟制定计划。(Unit 2 P10)【点拨】put off 意为“推迟”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语(put off doing sth.意为“推迟做某事”)；当代词作宾语时，要将代词放在 put 与 off 之间，名词作宾语放在中间或后面均可。如：They decided to put the meeting off until after Christmas. 他们决定把会议推迟到圣诞节以后。He keeps putting off going to the dentist.他把看牙医的事一拖再拖。【拓展】与 put 有关的常考短语：1.If it rains tomorrow,I will put off _(leave) for Beijing. ( )2.Its rainy.Shall we the running race?No problem. A.put downB.put up C.put onD.put offleaving学以致用D( )3.Frank,would you please help me_the picture on the wall?With pleasure.A.put onB.put off C.put upD.put outC学以致用考点6 Yeah,a lot of old people are lonely.是的，很多老年人都很孤独。(Unit 2 P10)I want to travel alone.我想独自旅行。(Unit 2 P12)【辨析】alone 与 lonely单词词性含义及用法例句alone 形容词“独自；无依无靠”，表示无人陪伴，只陈述一个客观事实， 不带感情色彩，在句中作表语。单词词性含义及用法例句alone 副词“独自；单独”，常用在实义动词后，相当于 by oneself,常在句中作方式状语。I was traveling alone in the lonely island.I didnt feel lonely though I was alone.我独自在人迹罕至的岛上旅行。虽然孤身一人，但我并不感到寂寞。lonely 形容词“孤独的；寂寞的”，感情色彩浓厚，强调心灵上的孤独与寂寞，常在句中作表语。“偏僻的；人迹罕至的”，常用于修饰表示地点的名词，只能作定语。1.The old man lives_(独自).So he feels lonely.Lets go to visit him. ( )2.When you feel helpless and_,just remember that you are not_in the world because your friends are around you.A.alone;aloneB.alone;lonely C.lonely;aloneD.lonely;lonely( )3.Lisa did the work all by herself.(同义替换) A.togetherB.alreadyC.aloneD.lonelyalone学以致用CC考点7 For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.例如，我们可以制定计划去医院看望生病的孩子们或者为无家可归的人筹钱。(Unit 2 P12)【辨析】raise 与 rise 两者都有“提高；上升；增加”的意思，具体区别如下：单词过去式、过去分词用法raise raised-raised是及物动词，后面带宾语，说明主语发出的动作要作用于其他事物，往往有使物体达到其应有的高度的含义。意为“提升；举起；提起；增加；提高；募集；征集；引起；养育等”。可用于被动语态。单词过去式、过去分词用法riserose-risen是不及物动词，后面不能带宾语，说明主语自身移向较高位置。意为“上升；升起；增加；提高；上涨；起床；起立等”，常用于日、月、云、雾、烟、蒸汽、河水、温度、物价等。无被动语态。【图解助记】( )1.As long as everyone_ ten yuan,the poor boy can go to school again.A.arrivesB.raises C.risesD.carries( )2.The river has_several metres after the heavy rain. A.riseB.risenC.raiseD.raisedB学以致用B02课后作业.词汇运用。1.lie v. _（过去式）躺；平躺 _（过去分词） _（现在分词）2.hurt v. _（过去式/过去分词）（使）疼痛；受伤3.hit v. _（过去式/过去分词）击；打4.knife n. _ pl.刀5.importance n. _ adj.重要的 基础过关laylaidlyinghurthitknivesimportant6.decision n. _ v.决定7.death n. _ v.死 _ adj.垂死的 _ adj.死的；失去生命的 8.feel v. _ n.感觉；感触 9.own v. _ n.物主；主人10.satisfy v. _ n.满足；满意 _ adj.满足的；满意的 基础过关decidediedyingdeadfeelingownersatisfactionsatisfied11.difficulty n. _ adj.困难的12.excited adj. _ adj.使人兴奋的；令人激动的 13.train v. _ n.训练；培训14.kind adj. _ n.仁慈；善良 15.interest v.& n. _ adj.有趣的 _ adj.感兴趣的 基础过关difficultexcitingtrainingkindnessinterestinginterested.完成句子。1.I used to exercise every morning.(改为一般疑问句)_ use to exercise every morning? 2.Dont worry.I can go there on my own.(改为同义句)Dont worry.I can go there _. 3.The girl is too young,and she cant go to school.(改为同义句)The girl isnt _ to go to school. 基础过关by myselfDid youold enough4.我堂弟前天摔倒了。(完成译句)My cousin _ the day before yesterday. 5.他们及时赶到了医院。(完成译句)They got to the hospital _. 基础过关in time fell down.单项选择。( )1.Oh,we_ our money yesterday.More worse,our water_just now. A.ran out;ran outB.ran out of;ran out ofC.ran out;ran out ofD.ran out of;ran out( )2.Many teenagers_the old and they often offer their seats to the old on buses. A.agree withB.worry aboutC.laugh atD.care for基础过关DD( )3.Though he lives_,he doesnt feel _. A.lonely;lonelyB.lonely;alone C.alone;aloneD.alone;lonely( )4.Grace,help me to the family photo on the wall. A.put offB.put onC.put upD.put away基础过关DC( )5.Yao Ming decided to_playing basketball match forever because he was seriously injured.A.put offB.deal with C.break offD.give up( )6.The heavy snow didnt_the international airlines. A.pay attention toB.add toC.make a difference toD.keep to基础过关DC( )7.Jim takes_his father.You mean he is similar_his father? A.for;asB.to;with C.after;toD.away;from( )8.The three students plan to_ a student volunteer project at their school. A.look upB.set upC.cheer upD.clean up基础过关CB( )9.The man_ his money to the school where he studied. A.handed outB.gave awayC.set upD.put up( )10.Can you help me_ the exercise books to your classmates? A.give upB.give offC.give outD.give in基础过关BC.任务型阅读。 (2019安徽)Remember when you were a little child trying to learn to walk? First,you had to learn how to balance(平衡) yourself and stand.You fell down,and then got back up.You laughed sometimes and cried at other times.After much practice,you finally learned how to balance yourself.You got much pleasure from this new feeling of poweryoud stand everywhere you could.It was a happy timeyou did it!能力提升 Now,the next stepwalking.Youd seen others do it.It didnt look that hardjust move your legs while you were standing.Wrongmore difficult than you ever imagined.But after you tried again and again and again,you understood how to walk. If people found you walking,they cheered,“Oh,look at what the kid is doing.” This encouraged you! But look back on those days when you were thelittle childhow many times did you try when no one was watching,or when no one was cheering? You couldnt wait for someone to encourage you to take the next steps.You learned how to encourage yourself. So,keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.1.What is the first step in learning to walk?(不超过 15 个词)_2.When did you understand how to walk?(不超过 15 个词)_The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand./To learn how to balance yourself and stand.I/We understood how to walk after I/we tried again and again and again.3.Whatshould you do if you want to succeed in doing something?(不超过 15 个词)_ I/We should keep trying and encouraging myself/ourselves as I/we learned to walk.03重点语法讲练非谓语动词知识导图考点1 动词不定式1.动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。2.动词不定式的用法考点梳理句法功能说明例句作主语常用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后置的不定式。常用句型:It is+adj.+（for/of sb.）to do sth.To swim here is very dangerous.=It is very dangerous to swim here.在这儿游泳很危险。作表语常位于 be 动词之后。My job is to clean the street.我的工作是打扫这条街。句法功能说明例句作宾语 一般只作某些动词的宾语。I decide to go on a trip to Beijing.我决定去北京旅游。作宾语补足语在使役动词 make,let 和感官动词 hear,see,watch 等后，省略不定式符号 to。My mother allows me to watch TV for a while every night.我妈妈允许我每晚看一会儿电视。句法功能说明例句作定语常放在所修饰词的后面，作后置定语。Do you have anything to do?你有要做的事吗？作状语一般在句中作目的状语、结果状语和原因状语。We get up early every morning to catch the early bus.我们每天早上早起是为了赶上早班车。句法功能说明例句与疑问词（what,how, who,which, when .） 连用构成不定式短语在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。I really dont know what to do next.我真的不知道下一步该怎么办。常见的只跟不定式作宾语的动词决定学会有希望（decide,learn,wish,hope,expect）, 同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）,胆敢拒绝会失败（dare,refuse,fail）, 准备设法来帮忙（prepare,manage,help）, 提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）,答应安排理应当（promise,arrange,be supposed）, 以上后跟不定式，劝君牢记永不忘。巧记口诀考点2 动名词1. 动名词由动词的-ing 形式构成，其否定形式为：not+doing。2.动名词的用法句法功能说明例句作主语单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。Playing games too much is bad for your study.游戏玩得太多不利于你的学习。作宾语动词宾语表示一般的习惯性行为或经常性的动作。I like watching TV very much.我很喜欢看电视。介词宾语要注意 to 在短语中作介词的情况。I am looking forward to meeting her.我盼望着和她见面。 句法功能说明例句作表语多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换为作主语。Your task is cleaning the windows.= Cleaning the windows is your task.你的任务就是擦窗户。作定语只表明所修饰词的用途等，位于所修饰词之前。I bought a new washing machine last month.我上个月买了一台新洗衣机。常见的只跟动名词作宾语的动词（短语）喜欢不断提建议（enjoy,keep,suggest）,盼望习惯却完毕（look forward to,be used to,finish）,想要想象去练习(feel like,imagine,practice)， 忍俊不禁还介意（can t help,mind）,避免放弃不拖延（avoid,give up,put off）,忙于考虑很值得（be busy,consider,be worth）,以上后跟动名词，一定要注意（pay attention to）。巧记口诀有些动词（短语）后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词，但意义有很大不同。如：stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事remember to do sth.记住要做某事（动作未发生） remember doing sth.记得做过某事（动作已发生） forget to do sth.忘记做某事（动作未发生） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（动作已发生）要点提醒try to do sth.努力去做某事 try doing sth.试着去做某事go on to do sth.做完一件事,接着去做另外一件事 go on doing sth.继续不停地做某事mean to do sth.打算、想做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事need to do sth.需要去做某事（主动意义） need doing sth.需要（被动意义）要点提醒考点3 分词1. 分词有现在分词（-ing 形式）和过去分词（通常是-ed 形式）两种。既可构成时态、被动语态，又常作状语、宾语补足语等句子成分。2.分词的用法句法功能说明例句作定语单个分词作定语常位于所修饰词的前面，分词短语作定语常位于所修饰词的后面。现在分词表示主动、进行意义， 过去分词表示被动、完成意义。He rushed into the burning house.他冲进着火的房子。He is a man loved by all.他是一个受大家爱戴的人。句法功能说明例句作状语现在分词作伴随状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。She sat down,listening to their talk.她坐下来，听他们的谈话。句法功能说明例句作表语现在分词表示主语的性质、特征等；过去分词表示某种状态。The story is very interesting.那个故事非常有趣。I m interested in that book.我对那本书感兴趣。作宾语补足语宾语与补足语为主动关系或表示动作正在进行用现在分词；反之，为被动关系或动作已完成用过去分词。I heard a little boy crying in the small house.我听见有个小男孩正在小房子里哭泣。( )1.(2019重庆 A 卷)He took off his expensive watch_ the fact that he was rich.A.to hideB.hid C.hideD.hidden( )2.(2019 重庆 B 卷)Miss Chen,my dear English teacher,often encourages me_the challenges in my study.A.faceB.facesC.facingD.to face语法专练DA( )3.(2019大庆)Youd better_hard from now on,_you will fail in the exam. A.work;andB.working;orC.working;andD.work;or( )4.(2019大庆)Would you like_a film with us tonight?Sorry,I have to help my mother do housework. A.seeB.to seeC.seeingD.to seeing语法专练BD( )5.(2019昆明)Yunnan Museum is such an interesting place that many kids have fun_it.A.visitingB.to visit C.readingD.to read( )6.(2019 贵港)I have trouble _the new word.Can you help me?Sure.You can look it up in the dictionary. A.understandingB.to understand C.understandD.understood语法专练AA( )7.(2019包头)Why were you angry with your daughter?She was busy_and taking selfies(自拍) when I was talking to her. A.textingB.to textC.textD.texted( )8.(2019盘锦)My best friend went abroad.I miss her and feel down today.Dont be sad.Here is good news for you_. A.cheer upB.cheering upC.cheered upD.to cheer up语法专练DA( )9.(2019 镇江)Yao Ming,a basketball giant,_water polo when he was young. A.is playingB.used to playC.is used to playingD.was playing( )10.(2019苏州)Please stay with me this weekend.Im sorry,but my father and I planned_Beijing a long time ago. A.visitB.visitingC.to visitD.visited语法专练CB( )11.(2019 达州)Hello,Lucy,please give me some_on how to improve my English!Youd better keep_more English books. A.advices;readB.advice;read C.advice;readingD.advices;reading( )12.(2019遂宁)These foreigners are practicing_Chinese. A.to speakB.speakingC.speakD.speaks语法专练CB( )13.(2019天津)The government is setting up nature parks,_protect pandas. A.to helpB.helpC.helpedD.helps( )14.(2019天水)Businessmen prefer_e-mails to communicate with each other rather than phone calls.A.write;makeB.to write;makeC.to write;to makeD.write;to make语法专练BA( )15.(2019南充)I tried to make Alice her mind but I found it difficult.Well, I saw you that when I went past. A.changed;doB.changes;doing C.change;to doD.change;doing( )16.(2019河南)Do you always get up so early?Yes,_the first bus.My home is far away from school. A.catchB.to catchC.catchingD.caught语法专练DB( )17.(2019百色)The teachers often tell us_in the river.Its dangerous. A.not swimB.dont swimC.not swimmingD.not to swim( )18.(2019 鄂州)Jimmy,I dont like my classmate Bob.He is so noisy.Oh,so he is.But you cannot avoid_him.He sits next to you. A.meetB.to meetC.meetingD.to meeting语法专练DC( )19.(2019咸宁)Come and see! The baby is crying.Please do something to make him_. A.stop cryingB.stop to cry C.cryingD.cry( )20.(2019 孝感)In my opinion,animals shouldn t be kept for fun.I think so.Forests are the best places_for animals . A.liveB.livingC.to liveD.to live in语法专练AD( )21.(2019 泰州)In his e-mail,David promised_his daughter during her stay in Japan.A.visitingB.visit C.visitedD.to visit( )22.(2019 盐城 )Mr Wu keeps_his students that the future belongs to the well educated.A.tellingB.to tellC.orderingD.to order语法专练DA( )23.(2019扬州)Daniel,do you know that bees never get lost.Yes.Bees always remember_the same way as they went. A.come backB.came backC.coming backD.to come back( )24.(2019铜仁)Look! There is a man_Taiji near the river.Wow! Its my teacher,Mr Wu. A.performB.performs C.performingD.performed语法专练DC( )25.(2019兰州)We are supposed_some housework with our parents when we have free time.A.to shareB.sharingC.sharedD.share( )26.(2019葫芦岛)Fred hopes_his spoken English,so he practices it every day. A improveB.improvesC.improvingD.to improve语法专练AD( )27.