(完整word)新版新目标英语八年级下册unit3知识点总结,推荐文档.pdf

第1页 共 6 页八年级英语下册单元知识点总结Unit3 Could you please clean your room?一重要词组及短语1.could you please do sth.?你能吗？/请你干好吗？2.do the chores 做杂务3.do the dishes 洗餐具4.sweep the floor 清扫地板5.take out the trash 倒垃圾6.make ones bed 铺床7.fold ones clothes 叠衣服8.clean the living room 清扫客厅9.stay out late 晚归e over 过来11.have a test 考试12.get a ride 搭车13.use ones computer 使用某人的电脑14.hate sth./hate to do sth./hate doing sth.讨厌某事/做某事15.do the laundry=do some washing=wash clothes 洗衣服17.wash the car 刷车16.make breakfast/make dinner=do some cooking 做饭18.work on 从事，忙于work at 学习、致力于、在上下工夫19.borrow some money 借一些钱borrow sth.from sb.向某人借某物(借入)lend sb.sth.=lend sth.to sb.借给某人某物(借出)20.invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb to a place 邀请某人去某地21.go to the store 去商店22.agree sb.to do sth.同意某人做某事agree with sb.同意某人的意见disagree sb.to do sth.不同意某人做某事disagree with sb.不同意某人的意见23.take care of=look after 照顾、照看、照料take good care of=look after well 把照管得好26.take sb.for a walk 带某人去散步27.play with sb.和某人玩28.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做)forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(做过)29.关于to 的短语总结：have to do sth.不得不，必须做某事need to do sth.需要做某事hate to do sth.讨厌做某事like to do sth.喜欢做某事want to do sth.想做某事love to do sth.热爱做某事精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 1 页，共 6 页 -第2页 共 6 页forget to do sth.忘记做某事start to do sth.开始做某事begin to do sth.开始做某事ask sb to do sth.请某人做某事二、重点短语句型1.Peter,could you please take out the trash?Could you please do sth?请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是 can 的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.-Sure./Of course./Certainly./No problem.-Sorry,I cant2、take out 取出（v+adv）【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边e.g.His teeth hurt badly.The dentist take them out.【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾take a walk 散步take away 拿走，取走take back 收回take place 发生take off 脱下；起飞3.Can you do the dishes.？do the dishes 洗碗【结构 1】do the+名词：do the dishes/laundry 洗餐具/衣服【结构 2】do the+动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生【结构 3】do one s+名词do one s housework/homework 做家务/家庭作业【结构 4】do some+动词-ing do some reading/shopping 读写书/购物e.g.Could I at least finish watching this show?1】Could I do a sth?我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至少，不超过Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 结束；完成finish doing sth 做完某事e.g.Can you finish reading these books before 10 oclock?Yes,I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!1】two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。How time is flies!Three years _is_(be)really a short time.足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析 2】enough I don t have enough money with me.足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming.【记】Mr.Smith has enough money,but he isnt kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?【解析】take out 拿出；取出take 的用法：Please take some books to the classroom.作 副词作形容词拿；取吃；喝；服用精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 2 页，共 6 页 -第3页 共 6 页Take this medicine three times a day.take They usually take the bus to work.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步take a rest 休息take care of 照顾take off 脱下；起飞take up 占据take down 拿下take ones time 不急；慢慢来take one s temperature 量体温7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV,my mom came over.【解析 1】the minute=as soon as“一.就.”Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析 2】in front of 指在物体外部的前面There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】指在物体内部的前面Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom【记】The driver sat _in the front of_ the car.The policeman stood _in front of_ the car.【注意】有the 无 the 区别大：at table 吃饭；进餐in hospital 住院at the tabel 在桌边in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析 3】come over 过来【拓展】come 短语：come across（偶然）发现come back 回来come up with 想出come true 实现come down 下来come from=be from 来自,出生于come in/into 进入,进来come on 赶快,加油come along 走吧,过来,快点come and go 来来去去come up 上来come out 出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来8.Im just as tired as you are!as.as.和.一样.9.For one week,she did not do any housework and neither did I.【解析】neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不”neither 两者都不neither nor 既不 也不,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定e.g.Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表达“也不”则用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V 情+主”e.g.The first one wasnt bad.Neither was the second.10.The next day,my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find found found v 寻找(1)find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事(2)find it+adj.+to do sth 发现做某事很乘（车；船等）花费（时间；金钱）in front of in the front of 精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 3 页，共 6 页 -第4页 共 6 页11.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?【解析】hang out 闲逛hang up 把.悬挂/挂起12.Could you please pass me the salt?【解析】pass v 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth 把某物递给某Pass on 传递e.g.Please pass the paper on to the other students.v 通过；路过I pass your home.v 通过（考试）；及格Tom can pass his math exam.13.Could I borrow that book?Could you lend me some money?【解析】borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow 借入,与 from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物e.g.You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出,与 to 搭配【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人e.g.He doesn t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】14.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。hate to do sth 讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth 不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.15.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。ask for 请求，要某物ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事(1)ask sb.for help 向某人请求帮助(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth 请求某人做某事ask 构成的短语：短语含义ask sb.to do sth 请某人做某事ask sb.not to do sth 不让某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 寻求帮助16.Could I invite my friends to a party?我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀请某人去某地【解析】invite v invitation n 邀请(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2)invite sb.to+地点 邀请某人去某地17.I don t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 4 页，共 6 页 -第5页 共 6 页【解析】make sb.do sth 让某人做某事make made made v.做，制作，使得(1)make sb/sth+形容词“让某人或某物”make you happy(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事make me laugh.18.They dont have time to study and do housework，too.【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事have time=be free 有空19.Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【解析】a waste of 浪费a waste of time 浪费时间a waste of money 浪费金钱20.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析 1】spend.on sth 在某事上花费.spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spendspent spent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+spend+时间/钱+on sth sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doing sth spend on=pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones,because they re not going to be around forever.My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.(2)pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.How much did you _pay_ for this computer?Five hundred dollars.(3)cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事sth cost sb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It _cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)taketook taken v 花费It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析 2】get into=enter 进入【拓展】与get 相关的短语：get up 起床get back 返回get over 克服get dressed穿衣get into 进入get/be lost 丢失get off/on 下/上车get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of 从出来get warm 变暧get ready for+n.为做准备get ready to do sth.准备做某事get well 康复get a chance 有机会、得到机会get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡相关：(be asleep睡着)21.It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.【解析】provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物offer 侧重表示“愿意给予”offer sb.sth.=offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物offer to do sth 主动提出干某事supply 定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.为某人提供某物21.Our neighbors son got into a good college but during his first year,he had n idea how to take care of himself.take care of 照顾 Thanks for your invitation,but Im so sorry I can t go.I need to _take care of_ my baby at home.精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 5 页，共 6 页 -第6页 共 6 页【拓展】与take 相关的短语：take photos/pictures 照像take away 拿走take out 取出(work out 算出)take care 当心take a walk 散步take medicine 服药take place 发生 take one s temperature量体温take one s time别着急精品资料-欢迎下载-欢迎下载 名师归纳-第 6 页，共 6 页 -