(完整word版)牛顿运动定律(整体法与隔离法).pdf

荥阳市第二高级中学-陈玉东1 牛顿运动定律（整体法与隔离法）（2015/9/5）学习目标1、学生能够针对具体的受力图说出哪些力是内力、哪些力是外力。2、学生在练习的过程中要学会根据所求解的问题的需要找出合适的研究对象。方法：如果物体系统内各物体的加速相同，若是求内力则先用整体法求加速度，再隔离法求内力。若是求外力则先用隔离法求加速度，再整体法求内力。求内力先整体后隔离；求外力先隔离后整体。先做的一步都是为了求加速度。如果物体系统内各部分加速度不同一般使用隔离法。3、总结出两个物体构成的连接体内力与外力关系式。例一、现将质量为M 的斜面放在光滑水平地面上，质量为m 的物块放在光滑斜面上。现对M 施加一个水平向左的力，使两个物体相对静止一起向左运动。求此力F应该多大？例二、如右图所示，弹簧测力计外壳质量为m0，弹簧及挂钩的质量忽略不计，挂钩吊着一质量为m 的重物现用一方向竖直向上的外力F 拉着弹簧测力计，使其向上做匀加速运动，则弹簧测力计的示数为()AmgBFC.mm0mFD.m0m0mg同步训练1、质量为 m的物体在沿斜面向上的拉力F 作用下沿放在水平地面上的质量为M的粗糙斜面匀速下滑，此过程中斜面体保持静止，则地面对斜面（）A无摩擦力B有水平向左的摩擦力C支持力为（M+m）g D 支持力小于（M+m）g m M F F v M F m 1 m 2 FT 荥阳市第二高级中学-陈玉东2 2、(2012 江苏卷)如图所示，一夹子夹住木块，在力F 作用下向上提升夹子和木块的质量分别为m、M，夹子与木块两侧间的最大静摩擦力均为f.若木块不滑动，力 F 的最大值是A.2f mMMB.2f mMmC.2f mMM(mM)gD.2f mMm(mM)g 3、如图所示，5 个质量相同的木块并排放在光滑的水平桌面上，当用水平向右推力F 推木块 1，使它们共同向右加速运动时，求第2 与第 3 块木块之间弹力。4、(2013 河北邯郸高三摸底)如图所示，粗糙的水平地面上有三块材料完全相同的木块A、B、C，质量均为 m，B、C 之间用轻质细绳连接现用一水平恒力F 作用在 C 上，三者开始一起做匀加速运动，运动过程中把一块橡皮泥粘在某一块上面，系统仍加速运动，且始终没有相对滑动则在粘上橡皮泥并达到稳定后，下列说法正确的是()A无论粘在哪个木块上面，系统加速度都将减小B若粘在A 木块上面，绳的拉力减小，A、B 间摩擦力不变C若粘在B 木块上面，绳的拉力增大，A、B 间摩擦力增大D若粘在 C 木块上面，绳的拉力和A、B 间摩擦力都减小5、如果B 物放在水平光滑面上，A 物通过光滑定滑轮自由悬挂，让B、A 都从静止开始运动，则 B 的加速度多大？绳中张力多大？如果换用F10N 的向下恒力通过滑轮拉B，结果与刚才有何不同？B A 1 2 3 4 5 F 文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2荥阳市第二高级中学-陈玉东3 6、如图所示，木块A 质量为 1kg，木块 B 质量为 2kg，叠放在水平地面上，AB 之间最大静摩擦力为 5N，B 与地面之间摩擦系数为0.1，今用水平力F 作用于 A，保持 AB 相对静止的条件是F不超过多少牛顿？（gm s102/）7、如图，质量m18kg 的木板放在光滑的水平面上，木板上又放一质量m2 2kg 的物块，物块与木板间的摩擦系数为0.4 试求：当水平拉力F=8N；F=20N 时，物块和木板的加速度。（g 取 10m/s2）8、如图,质量均为m 的三个带电小球A、B、C 放置在光滑的绝缘水平面上，彼此相隔的距离为L（L 比球的半径r 大得多），B 球带电荷量为QB3q.A 球带电荷量为QA 6q,若在 C 上加一水平向右的恒力F，要使 A、B、C 三球始终保持L 的间距运动，求：（1）F 的大小。（2）C 球所带的电量。文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2荥阳市第二高级中学-陈玉东4 9、(16 分)(2013 江苏卷)如图所示，将小砝码置于桌面上的薄纸板上，用水平向右的拉力将纸板迅速抽出，砝码的移动很小，几乎观察不到，这就是大家熟悉的惯性演示实验若砝码和纸板的质量分别为m1和 m2，各接触面间的动摩擦因数均为，重力加速度为g.(1)当纸板相对砝码运动时，求纸板所受摩擦力的大小；(2)要使纸板相对砝码运动，求所需拉力的大小；(3)本实验中，m10.5 kg，m20.1kg，0.2，砝码与纸板左端的距离d0.1 m，取 g10 m/s2.若砝码移动的距离超过l0.002 m，人眼就能感知 为确保实验成功，纸板所需的拉力至少多大？(好题但不属于整体法与隔离法的问题，可以做一做)自动扶梯与地面间夹角为30，当扶梯沿斜面向上做匀加速运动时，人对梯面的压力是其重力的5/6，则人与梯面的摩擦力是其重力的。30文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 ZY8R10C4I8V2文档编码:CK1F1Q8J7E3 HO8V4W9R4W9 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