2019年高考真题和模拟题分项汇编地理：专题07自然环境对人类活动的影响(含解析).pdf

专题 07 自然环境对人类活动的影响【2019 年高考真题】（2019 年新课标全国卷）【地表形态对交通线路分布的影响】图 2 示意我国东北某区域铁路线的分布，该区域铁路修建的年代较早，近些年几乎废弃。据此完成6 题。图 2 6该区域铁路线主要沿A等高线分布B河谷分布C山脊线分布D山麓分布【答案】6B【解析】6从图中信息来看，早期铁路分布明显沿河流河谷分布，主要是由于河谷地区地势平坦，有利于铁路修建及运营，A 对，BCD 错。故选B。（2019年新课标全国卷）【全球气候变暖】近年来，位于高纬的西伯利亚地区气候发生了明显变化，土地覆被也随之变化，平地上的耕地明显减少，洼地上的草地大量转化为湿地，越年积雪（积雪期超过一年）面积减少。据此完成 68题。6导致西伯利亚地区土地覆被变化的首要原因是A气温升高B气温降低C降水增多D降水减少7湿地面积增加主要是因为当地A洪水暴涨B退耕还湿C地面沉降D冻土融化8西伯利亚地区平地上减少的耕地主要转化为第 1 页，共 9 页A林地B湿地C草地D寒漠【答案】6A 7D 8C【解析】本组题以高纬的西伯利亚地区气候的明显变化，土地覆被也随之变化为背景，考查影响区域植被变化的因素，气候变暖的影响。6读材料可知，越年积雪（积雪期超过一年）面积减少，说明积雪融化增多，故首要原因是气温升高，A 正确，B错误；降水增多会使越年积雪面积增大，C 错误；降水减少，气候趋于干旱，不利于洼地上的草地大量转化为湿地，D 错误。故选A。7由上题分析可知，气温升高会导致冻土融化，地表积水增多，湿地面积增加，D 正确；材料中“洼地上的草地大量转化为湿地”说明湿地增加的主要原因不是洪水暴涨、退耕还湿和地面沉降引起，ABC 错误。故选D。8由上面两题分析可知，气候变暖使冻土融化，地表水增多，但平地较洼地地势高，积水较少，不会有大量的浅水出露地表，减少的耕地不会转化为湿地，地表水分增加，适合草类植被生长，故主要转化为草地，B 错误，C 正确；题干中“高纬的西伯利亚地区”热量不足，难以形成林地植被，A 错误；气候上升使冻土融化，地表水分增多，会使植被覆盖增多，不会转化为寒漠，D 错误。故选C。36（2019 年北京卷节选）【自然灾害与人类活动】中国与东南亚山水相连，人文相通，跨境合作不断深化。读图14，回答下列问题。（1）说明图示区域地震多发的原因和主要危害。（8 分）【答案】（1）原因：地处板块交界地带，地壳运动活跃。第 2 页，共 9 页文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10文档编码:CB3F8H9W1N8 HB10X9I3A1W2 ZB8U2B2C5A10危害：人员伤亡，财产损失，森林和水等自然资源与环境被破坏。【解析】（1）对图示区域进行定位，该地区位于边境地区，位于板块的交界处，多发地震灾害。地震本身及常引发滑坡、泥石流等对自然资源、生态环境和人类本身都造成巨大伤害和损失，如造成人员伤亡，财产损失，森林和水等自然资源与环境被破坏。13（2019 年天津卷节选）【地表形态对聚落分布的影响】读图文材料，回答问题。吉林省珲春市（下图）是我国离海最近的内陆城市，辖区内的聚落多沿河谷分布。（1）该市其他地区聚落很少的自然原因有哪些？（6 分）国家已批准设立“中国图们江区域（珲春）国际合作示范区”。【答案】（1）地表坡度大；地势高，气温较低；水源相对不足；森林茂密；土层较薄。（答出三点即可）【解析】（1）该题属于原因分析类题，关键词“聚落很少”，解题方向“自然原因”。可以从聚落形成的自然条件的地形地势、气候、水源、生物植被、土壤等方面进行分析组织答案：地表坡度大；地势高，气温较低；水源相对不足；森林茂密；土层较薄。【2019 年高考模拟题】（浙江省2019 年 3 月绍兴市选考科目）河南省安阳市林州石板岩镇，地处太行山南端，海拔 800 1736 米，自然风光优美。下图为石板岩镇石板岩村布局示意图。完成12 题。第 3 页，共 9 页文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W61该村落选址考虑的首要因素是A地形B气候C岩石D河流2出入石板岩村公路线的形态特征呈A棋盘式B网络状C条带状D“之”字形【答案】1A 2D【解析】1石板岩村处于太行山南端，海拔较高，属于山地地形，同时从剖面图看，村落所在位置地势起伏较小，故其选址首要因素是地形。所以选A。2山区公路的建设受地形地势影响，而且出入石板岩村的公路不可能是高速公路或国道等高等级公路，因此公路线多会沿等高线分布，分布形态上呈现“之”字形。所以选D。（河南省八市重点高中联盟“领军考试”2019 届高三第四次测评）“梳式布局”是我国岭南地区典型的村落布局形式，村中的建筑顺坡而建，前低后高，像梳子一样纵向排列，前后建筑之间空隙很小，两列建筑之间有一小巷，宽约 1 2 至 20 米，是村内的主要交通道路；村落多以水为中心布局，村前多为湖泊或池塘。图 1 为岭南地区村落“梳式 布局”示意图。据此完成35 题。3岭南地区村落“梳式布局”的主要目的是A采光和防风B通风和排水C御寒和防沙D防潮和防盗第 4 页，共 9 页文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W64岭南地区民居其前后建筑之间空隙较小的主要原因是A人多地少B地高林密C河宽岸窄D船多车少5岭南地区民居多以水域为中心布局主要是为了A灌溉农田B取水防火C生活供水D防御洪灾【答案】3B 4A 5 B【解析】3岭南地区为热带、亚热带季风气候，夏季高温多雨，冬季温和湿润，少风沙，因此村落多采用“梳式布局”的主要好处是通风、排水、防潮，故B 正确；御寒和防沙、防盗不是“梳式布局”的主要目的，故排除C、D。前后建筑之间空隙较大利于采光，但“梳式布局”前后建筑之间空隙很小，故A 错误。4岭南地区多低山丘陵，多湖泊和水塘，人口多而稠密，土地资源较少，为了充分利用有限的土地资源，其民居建设多缩小前后建筑之间的空隙，故A 正确。5岭南地区村落采用“梳式布局”，房屋前后的间隙小，火灾隐患最大，以水域为中心利于防火，故B 正确。【点睛】本题解答的关键在于抓住题干中“主要目的”、“主要原因”、“主要是为了”的要求。（宁夏银川市2019 届高三教学质量检测）悬空寺修建在山西恒山金龙峡西侧翠屏峰的悬崖峭壁间，距地面高约60 米，最高处的三教殿离地面90 米。悉空寺面朝恒山、背侍翠屏、上载危岩、下临深谷、楼阁悬空、结构巧奇。寺庙建筑选址奇妙，是一个“太阳晒不着”的清凉地方。下左图为悬空寺近照，下右图为悬空寺位置图。据此完成67 题。6悬空寺选建在高出谷底近百米的峭壁中部，原因是A避免山洪威胁B便于生活取水C易于寺庙维护D便于获取木材7“太阳晒不着”日照时间短是因为A崖壁植被茂密B崖壁陡峭C三面环山D面西而立【答案】6A 7C【解析】6悬空寺选建在高出谷底近百米的峭壁中部，不方便生活取水、寺庙维护和获取木材，该地受季风影响降第 5 页，共 9 页文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6水变率大，易受山洪威胁，悬空寺选建在高处可避免山洪威胁，A 正确。7据图可知，悬空寺选建在高出谷底近百米的峭壁中部，三面环山，日照时间短，C 正确。（陕西省汉中市重点中学2019 届高三下学期3 月联考）读我国某局部地区等高线地形图，完成89 题。8图中铁路的主要分布特点是A沿山脊分布B沿河谷分布C沿等高线分布D沿纬线分布9图中东段铁路由原来的南线改为现在的北线，其主要目的最可能是A裁弯取直，提高车速B经过河流少，减少投资C靠近河流，可水陆联运D减小对居民生活的不利影响10从图中居民点分布特点推测，该地易发A洪水B地震C干旱D风暴【答案】8B 9D 10 A【解析】8据图可知，铁路和河流基本重合，河流只可能在谷地而不可能在山脊，A 错误 B 正确；河流是由高处流向低处，因此也不会是沿等高线分布，C 错误；纬度不影响铁路线的走向，D 错误。故选B。9据图可知，东段铁路的南线经过的居民点多，过境道路会对居民生活带来不利影响，因此由原来的南线改为现在的北线。故选D。10据经纬度可知，该地区位于我国东南丘陵地区，属于亚热带季风气候，降水多。据图中居民点的分布可知，主要分布在河流沿岸且地势较高的地方，说明该地易发生洪水灾害。故选A。（安徽省黄山市2019 届高三第二次质量检测）白格滑坡位于金沙江右岸（西岸），2018 年 10 月 11 日和 11 月 3日，滑坡区岩土体两次发生滑坡，形成的破碎岩体沿河谷西岸斜坡直冲而下，进入金沙江并继续向东岸运动，受到东岸（左岸）山体阻挡，最终依地势停积，堵塞金沙江并形成滑坡坝和堰塞湖。下图为四川测绘地理信息局测绘技术服务中心提供的滑坡发生前的影像数据（左图）和两次滑坡发生后利用无人机航拍获得的影像数据（右图）。据材料和图回答1113 题。第 6 页，共 9 页文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W611据材料推断滑坡形成的自然因素为断裂带中的岩体破碎、裂隙发育岩性坚硬的岩体地形高差大的峡谷地形工程开挖边坡暴雨多发或异常的强降雨人类活动强度大植被覆盖率低，水土保持差冻土深厚，冻融频繁ABCD12按时间先后，下图中堆积物位置变化的顺序是Acab Bbac Cabc Dacb 13滑坡形成的堰塞体，应急处置一般要在堰塞体上人工开挖导流槽（基本与原来河道方向一致），其目的是A防止滑坡的再次发生B主动降低上游堰塞湖溃决风险C降低河流的含沙量，防止堰塞湖泥沙淤积D平整堰塞体，便于后期进行绿化和整治环境【答案】11D 12C 13B【解析】11多项选择可利用排除法。一般来说岩性越差，其抗剪强度越低，越容易产生滑坡，岩性坚硬的岩体是不容易发生滑坡的，错。排除AC。工程开挖边坡是人为因素，错，B排除，故选D正确。12按时间先后，图中堆积物位置应是从上往下滑落。从图中可以看出堆积物由上到下变化的顺序是abc，故 C 正确。其余选项可排除。第 7 页，共 9 页文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J3V4I3W6文档编码:CS4S1U9X7D7 HV4T10D1A4K2 ZX5J