2020年国家司法考试复习资料精选(7).pdf

2020 年国家司法考试复习资料精选(7)2018 年国家司法考试复习资料精选(7)【问题 1】关于一般自首的总结。【回复】一般自首总结如下：自动投案投案要求将自己置于司法机关的合法控制之下。【考点】在罪行尚未被司法机关发觉，仅因形迹可疑，被有关组织或者司法机关盘问、教育后，主动交代自己的罪行的，也应认为是自动投案投案对象主要是向公安机关、人民检察院或者人民法院投案。若犯罪嫌疑人向其所在单位、城乡基层组织或者其他有关负责人员投案的，也视为自动投案先投案再逃跑问题1.自动投案后又潜逃的，不能认定为自首。2.自动投案并如实供述，成立自首后，又潜逃，然后又自动投案并如实供述，可成立自首。3.被动归案采取强制措施后逃跑然后再投案并如实供述的，被采取强制措施的犯罪不能认定为自动投案，但对新犯之罪仍能成立自动投案投案的自动性投案动机没有限定，出于本人意志即可，出于真心悔悟，为了争取宽大处理，因为亲友劝说，由于潜逃后生活所迫等自首均可送首问题1.经亲友规劝、陪同投案的；公安机关通知犯罪嫌疑人的亲友，或者亲友主动报案后，将其送去投案的，也应当视为自动投案。2.被亲友采用捆绑等手段送到司法机关，或者在亲友带领侦查人员前来抓捕时无拒捕行为，不能认定为自动投案如实供述供述的内容如实供述自己的罪行，主要犯罪事实、姓名、年龄、职业、住址、前科等。【考点】如实供述了案件事实，但对案件事实的定性，存在不同理解，有不同看法，进行辩解，仍属于如实供述。例如，认为自己不是贪污，只是经济问题，不影响如实供述的成立共犯自首共同犯罪案件中，除如实供述自己的罪行，还应当供述所知的同案犯，主犯则应当供述所知其他同案的共同犯罪事实，才能认定为自首数罪自首犯有数罪的仅如实供述所犯数罪中部分犯罪的，只对如实供述部分犯罪的行为，认定为自首自首后翻供犯罪嫌疑人自动投案并如实供述自己的罪行后又翻供的，不能认定为自首，但在一审判决前又能如实供述的，应当认定为自首【问题 2】防卫挑拨、互相斗殴以及偶然防卫的区别。【回复】防卫挑拨。在刑法理论上，把故意地挑逗对方进行不法侵害而借机加害于不法侵害人的行为，称为防卫挑拨。在防卫挑拨中，虽然存在着一定的不法侵害，挑拨人也实行了所谓正当防卫，文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7形式上符合正当防卫的客观条件;但由于该不法侵害是在挑拨人的故意挑逗下诱发的，其主观上具有犯罪意图而没有防卫意图，客观上实施了犯罪行为，因而依法构成犯罪。互相斗殴。在刑法理论上，互相斗殴是指参与者在其主观上的不法侵害故意的支配下，客观上所实施的连续互相侵害的行为。在互相斗殴的情况下，由于行为人主观上没有防卫意图，其行为也不得视为正当防卫。例如，甲乙两家有仇。某晚，两拨人在歌厅发生斗殴，甲、乙恰巧在场并各属一方。打斗中乙持刀砍伤甲小臂，甲用木棒击中乙头部，致乙死亡。偶然防卫，是指故意或者过失侵害他人法益的行为，符合了正当防卫的构成要件，客观上起到了人身防卫的效果。例如，甲正准备枪杀乙时，丙在后面对甲先开了一枪，将其打死。而丙在开枪时并不知道甲正准备杀乙，纯粹是出于报复泄愤的目的杀甲，结果却起到了保护乙的生命的作用。【问题 3】起诉便宜主义和起诉法定主义的区分。【回复】对于检察官来说，刑事诉讼中起诉活动实行的原则有两项：即起诉法定主义与起诉便宜主义。凡是认为有足够的证据证明确有犯罪事实，且具备起诉条件，公诉机关必须起诉的，称为起诉法定主义。例如，刑事诉讼法规定，人民检察院认为犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪事实已经查清，证据确实、充分，依法应当追究刑事责任的，应当作出起诉决定，按照审判管辖的规定，向人民法院提起公诉，并将案卷材料、证据移送人民法院。这就是起诉法定主义。与起诉法定主义相对应的是起诉便宜主义。起诉便宜主义，又称起诉合理主义、起诉裁量主义，是指检察官对于有足够的犯罪嫌疑，并具备起诉条件的案件，可以斟酌决定是否起诉的原则。根据此原则，公诉方可以依据法律的授权，基于刑事惩戒的目的和权衡各种利益，对其所审查起诉的刑事案件，选择是否作出控诉以继续或停止刑事程序。例如，刑事诉讼法规定，对于犯罪情节轻微，依照刑法规定不需要判处刑罚或者免除刑罚的，人民检察院可以作出不起诉决定。这就是起诉便宜主义。文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7【问题 4】关于孳息的总结。【回复】孳息分为两种：天然孳息和法定孳息。天然孳息是指原物因自然规律而产生的，或者按照物的用法而收获的物。如树木的果实、牧畜所生的子畜、土地上生长的粮食等。法定孳息，是指依法律关系产生的收益，包括利息、租金等。天然孳息由物的所有权人所有。既有所有权人又有用益物权人的，由用益物权人取得。法定孳息是民事权利主体参与某种特定的民事法律关系应该获得的报偿。法定孳息的取得，一般由有收取权利之人按权利存续期间的日数而取得。【问题 5】债务转移和代为清偿的区别。【回复】债务转移，是指债的承担主体和内容一并转移，即甲对乙的债务，转移至丙，经债权人乙同意，方生效，那么此时，甲不再对乙负债，而是丙对乙负债。代为清偿，是第三人自愿代债务人向债权人清偿债务，但债务人的地位没有发生变化，即甲对乙负债，此时第三人丙代为清偿甲对乙的债务，甲仍旧对乙负债，只不过由丙实际对乙清偿，若丙清偿的不彻底，乙是可以找甲承担相应责任的。文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 HN10U8I1R6E7 ZE9G5C6K10U7文档编码:CJ10O7W7P1G1 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