Module3_Music(必修2)词汇与语法部分.doc

Module 3Music学案基础自主回顾.课标单词1_(n.)听众2_(adj.)复杂的3_(n.)曲调4_(n. & adj.)古典音乐；古典的；古典派的_(n.)古典主义_(n.)古典主义者5_(n.)作曲家_(vt.)作曲；创作_(n.)作文6_(n.)(乐队)指挥_(v.)指挥(乐队)；传导7_(n.)指挥_(v.)指挥；指导_(n.)指示；说明；方向8_(vt.)失去；丢失_(n.)损失9_(n.)音乐家_(n.)音乐_(adj.)音乐的10_(n.)天分；天赋；才华_(adj.)有才能的11_(vt. & n)巡回演出；观光；旅游_(n.)观光者；游客_(n.)旅游业12_(adj.)动人的_(v.)抓住13_(vt. & n)影响_(adj.)有影响力的14_(vt. & n)录音；记录；唱片_(n.)录音机15_(vt.)使混合_(n.)混合物.常用短语1_和不同2_作为而出名3_把变为4_对留下深刻印象5_记录6_有史以来7_变聋8_如果这样的话9_分裂10_没门11.给某人留下深刻印象_                 12.在某方面有天赋 _13.对有影响 _                   14.把和混合_ 15.做笔记 _16. 因而出名 _ 17. 除以外还 _.重点句型1_there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, _ he was very successful.在那儿工作三十年后，海顿搬到了伦敦，在那里获得了很大成功。2_ he was 14, Mozart _ many pieces.到十四岁时，莫扎特已创作了许多支曲子3The two were friends _ Mozart's death in 1791.到1791年莫扎特死时他们两个一直是朋友。4However, _ Haydn _ encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。.模块语法用动词的适当形式填空1By the end of last year we _(build) five new houses.2I _(learn) 5,000 words before I entered the university.3I _(intend) to make a cake, but I ran out of time.4I found the letter after they _(go) away.5The room was dirty. I _(not clean) it for weeks.6I realized that I _(make) a serious mistake.7I didn't go because I _(see) the film.8That was the third time he _(enter) the room.单项填空9Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. afterB. unlessC. until D. when10Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but he hung up _ I could answer the phone.Aas B. sinceC. until D. before11_ he stayed in the country, he collected a lot of folk tales.A. As B. WhileC. Because D. Since12We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station.A. whenever B. untilC. while D. wherever考点探究解密考点解读1mean v意思是；打算 adj.卑鄙的；吝啬的精讲拓展：mean (doing) sth.意味着 This signal means your message has been received. 这个信号表示你发送的信息已经收到了。mean(that)从句意思是。be meant to do sth. We're meant to write our names at the top of the paper. (按照规定)我们应该把姓名写在考卷上方。(因某人的吩咐或根据职责)应该做某事mean to do sth.打算/意欲做某事 I didn't mean to interrupt your meal. 我不是有意想打断你们吃饭be meant for sb./sth.为某人/事而准备的 These chairs are meant for guests. 这些椅子是为客人们准备的。be mean to sb.对刻薄命题方向：mean后接to do与doing 的用法常放在一起进行辨析考查。活学巧练：I didn't mean _ her.But talking like that means _ her.Ato hurt; to hurtBhurting; hurtingCto hurt; hurting Dhurting; to hurt2lose v丢失；失去；输掉；专心于，错过精讲拓展： lose lost lost lose to/against sb.输给某人lose one's temper/head发怒/失去理智lose weight减肥 节食_lose heart失去信心lose one's heart to sb.喜欢上某人loss n失去，丧失误区警示：lose作“丢失，失去”讲时是及物动词，若后面不接宾语时，应用被动形式，特别是以非谓语动词形式出现时。He sat there，lost in thought.losing himself in thought.例句：I lost a lot of money on that deal. 我在那笔交易上赔了很多钱。Make sure you don't lose each other in the crowd. 你们务必注意别在人群中走散了。Sam lost his footing on the snowy bank. 萨姆在积雪的堤岸上失足摔倒了。I'm sorry.You've lost me. 对不起，你把我给搞糊涂了。词语辨析：lost，missing与gone三者都有“失去”之意，但又略有不同：lost失去的，指无法再找到的，另外还有“迷路的，困惑的”等含义，可作定语、表语。missing丢失的，指暂时不在或找不到的，另外还有“被损毁的，缺少的，失踪的”，可作定语、表语。gone失去的，强调时间、情况等一去不复返。只可作表语。Your cheque must have got lost in the post. 你的支票一定是邮寄中遗失的。Two files have gone missing. 两个档案不见了。The days are gone when you could leave your door unlocked at night. 夜不闭户的时代已经一去不复返了。命题方向：lose常与miss，go放在一起来辨析它们的形式或意思。有时lose作为及物动词的用法也是重要考点。活学巧练：(1)_in the mountains for a week，the two students were finally saved by the local police.AHaving lost BLostCBeing lost DLosing(2)(2009·江苏苏州模拟)Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely _ to the outside world.A. having been lost B. to be lostC. losing D. lost3influence vt.影响，改变n影响，感化，势力，有影响的人(或事)My teacher's influence made me study science at college.under the influence of 开始受影响haveexert an influence on 对施加影响have an influence on. 对有影响例句：They had come under the influence of a strange religious sect. 他们受到一个奇特教派的影响。What influenced you to take the job? 是什么影响你接受了这份工作？词语辨析：influence，effect与affectinfluence指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的，潜移默化的影响”。effect作“影响”讲时，是名词，构成have an effect on“对有影响”。affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”。着重“影响”的动作且强调“对产生不利影响”。Influenced by a highschool biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine. 在一位中学生物老师的影响下，他从事了医学研究。This medicine has no effect on me. 这种药对我没有效果。How will the tax affect people on low incomes? 这项税收怎么会影响低收入人士？命题方向：influence常与affect，effect放在一起以词语辨析题的形式出现。活学巧练：用influence，effect，affect的适当形式填空(1)As is known to all, smoking_ health.(2)Modern farming methods can have an adverse_ on the environment.(3)His writing have_ the lives of millions.4.go deaf变聋，失聪精讲拓展：go deaf中go为系动词，表示“变得”，后面多跟表示贬义的形容词，表示情形。go bad/mad/blind变坏/变疯/变瞎go wrong/wild出毛病/变疯狂go pale/red变得苍白/变红go hungry挨饿误区警示：go是系动词，意为“变得”，一般表示由好的方面向不好的方面转变，后面跟形容词作表语。不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。例句：The milk went sour. 牛奶变酸了。I think you're going crazy. 我想你(发)疯了。When food is short，it's often the mother who goes hungry. 食物短缺时，挨饿的常常是母亲。词语辨析：go，become，grow与turngo指由好变坏，由正常情况变成特殊情况，常接表示贬义或颜色的形容词。become(get)可指由好变坏也可指由坏变好，强调变化过程的完成。grow逐渐变成新状态，强调过程。turn成为完全不同的事物，强调变化的结果。命题方向：go作系动词用时，常与become，turn，grow放在一起以词语辨析的形式被考查。活学巧练：The traffic lights_green and I pulled away.Acame Bgrew Cgot Dwent5By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.莫扎特到14岁的时候，不仅已经谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。by the time.意思是“到时为止”，引导时间状语从句。从句中如果用一般过去时，则主句用过去完成时；从句中如果用一般现在时，则主句用将来完成时。朗文在线：By the time he was 14，he had built his own lab.到他14岁时，他已经建起了自己的实验室。By the time he comes back，we will have finished the task.到他回来时为止，我们将已经完成任务了。活学巧练：The new suspension bridge_by the end of last month.Ahas been designed Bhad been designedCwas designed Dwould be designed6until的四种句型主句(肯定式)until(till)时间状语或状语从句(注：此句型中谓语动词一般是延续性的，表示“直到为止”)主句(否定式)until(till)时间状语或状语从句(注：此句型中谓语动词一般是非延续性的，表示“直到才”)Notuntil时间状语或时间状语从句助动词(常用did)主语动词原形(注：not放在句首，故用部分倒装)It was notuntil时间状语或时间状语从句that主句(注：此句型实际上是强调not until状语或状语从句。应该记住：无论是强调时间、地点或原因状语，一般只用that。这一点与定语从句不同，且此句型是陈述句语序，不用倒装)例句：Not until 12 last night did I go to bed. 昨天晚上我十二点才上床睡觉。I shall wait for him till(until)he comes back. 我将一直等他回来。I didn't go to bed until(till)he came back. 直到他回来我才上床睡觉。It was not until last week that he realized he was wrong. 一直到上个星期他才认识到他是错误的。7However，it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。“it is/was被强调部分that/who句子其余部分”是强调句型的结构。精讲拓展：在强调句型中，连接词一般用that。如被强调的部分指人时，可用who/that，其他一律用that，不能用which，where，when等。在强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用is/was形式。如果原句的谓语动词是过去时态，就用was；如果是现在时态，就用is。也可以用“情态动词be”形式。强调句的一般疑问句是将is/was提前，即：“Is/Was it.that.？”；强调句的特殊疑问句形式，须将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词(被强调部分)is/wasitthat句子其余部分”。not.until.结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中，其结构为“It is/was not until.that.”。当强调的是主语时，其谓语动词应和被强调的人和物保持人称、数的一致。如果被强调的主语是人称代词，宜用主格。强调句型与定语从句、主语从句和状语从句的区别：一般说来，如果把句子中的“It is/was.that”去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子，且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型；否则，应为其他句式。误区警示：若强调主语时，that后的谓语动词应与被强调的人和物保持人称及数的一致。例句：It was Jane who paid for the meal yesterday. 昨天的饭钱是简付的。It was the meal that Jane paid for yesterday. 简昨天付的是饭钱。It was yesterday that Jane paid for the meal. 简是昨天付的饭钱。命题方向：强调句型常将that与when，where，which放在一起进行判断选择及其句型结构的分析进行考查。8时间状语从句时间状语从句常由after，when，whenever，once，since，as soon as，by the time，before，till，until，while，as等引导。(1)when，while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。When she came in，I stopped eating.她进来时，我停止吃饭。(瞬时动词)When I lived in the countryside，I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。(延续性的动词)误区警示：when有时表示“就在那时”，这时为并列连词。We were about to leave when he came in. 我们刚要离开，他进来了。while引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。While my wife was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV. 妻子读报时我正在看电视。(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)误区警示：while有时还可以表示对比，此时为并列连词。I like playing football while you like playing basketball. 我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比)as表示“一边一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后”。We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边一边”)As we were going out，it began to snow. 当我们出门时，开始下雪了。(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间)(2)在时间状语从句中，须用一般现在时表将来含义。We'll let you know as soon as you arrive. 你一到我们就告诉你。(3)as soon as与once的区别：as soon as和once都有“刚就”或“一就”之意，只是as soon as多侧重动作的连续，而once还含有条件的含义。I'll tell him the news as soon as I see him. 一见到他，我就把这一消息告诉他。Once you show any fear，he'll attack you. 一旦示弱，他就会攻击你。活学巧练：(1)How can you expect to learn anything_you never listen?Ain case Beven if Cunless Dwhen(2)Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?He rushed out of the room_I could say a word.Abefore Buntil Cwhen Dafter(3)He transplanted the little tree to the garden_it was the best time for it.Awhere Bwhen Cthat Duntil(4)The war lasted four years_the beast won in the end.Aafter Bbefore Cwhen Dthen(5)Did you remember to give Mary the message?Yes，I gave it to her_I saw her.Awhile B. the moment Csuddenly D. once 9过去完成时(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生时间为“过去的过去”。After they had become famous in Britain，they came to the United States.他们在英国出名之后，又来到了美国。By the end of last month we had learned 2000 English words.到上个月底为止，我们已经学了2000个单词。(2)过去完成时还表示在过去某一时间之前已经开始并一直持续到那时的动作或状态。We hadn't met each other since we graduated from university.自从大学毕业后，我们彼此就再也没有见过面。(3)在时间和条件从句中代替过去将来完成时。The doctor said the patient would sleep deeply for about twelve hours until the poison had stopped doing its harm.医生说病人要昏睡大约12个小时，直到毒药毒性不再起作用为止。(4)think，hope，intend，mean，expect，want，plan等动词的过去完成时表示过去的愿望、打算、计划等没有实现。常译为“原以为/希望”等。表达的是一种虚拟语意。I had hoped to visit him，but I was too busy.我本来希望去看他，但我太忙了。这类动词和不定式连用时可以改为“过去式不定式的完成式”。I hoped to have visited him，but I was too busy.注意：过去完成时由“had过去分词”构成。过去完成时常与by，for，before，since等介词短语或由after，before，since，when，by the time，by the end of等引导的表示过去时间的状语从句连用。活学巧练：(1) (2007·安徽)They became friends again that day. Until then, they_to each other for nearly two years.Adidn't speak Bhadn't spoken Chaven't spoken Dhaven't been speaking(2)(2007·重庆)Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?Yes.he did. He_his old friends for a long time.Adidn't see Bwouldn't see Chasn't seen Dhadn't seen(3)(2007·陕西)I_there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.Awould be Bhave been Chad been Dwill be考 题 演 练 1.His sister left home in 1998, and _ since.A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of2 Bill, can I get you anything to drink? _.A. You are welcome B. No problem C. I wouldn't mind a coffee D. Doesn't matter3_ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until4She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.A. when B. while C. after D. since5China has got a good _ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge6Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?_， but I promised Nancy to go out with her.A. I'd like to B. I like it C. I don't D. I will7I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time _ Brian gets back.A. before B. since C. till D. after8Do you mind if I record your lecture? _. Go ahead.A. Never mind B. No way C. Not at all D. No. You'd better not9The hotel wasn't particularly good, but I _ in many worse hotels.A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed 10It was not until she got home _Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.A. when B. that C. where D. before11When do we need to pay the balance? _ September 30.A. In BBy C. During DWithin12John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent $ 3,000 more than he_for the wedding.Awill plan B. has planned Cwould plan Dhad planned13The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without_his notes.A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on14He tried his best to solve the problem，_difficult it was.A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although15The AntiTapanese War lasted eight years_the Chinese won in the end.A. after B. before C. when D. then16In some parts of London，missing a bus means_for another hour.A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting17My name is Robert._，most my friends call me Bob for short.A. Then B. Instead C. However D. But18He's got himself into a dangerous situation_he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. where B. which C. while D. why