雅思核心题目+分类观点.doc

一、教育1.In countries where there is a high rate of unemployment, most pupils should be offered only primary education. There is no point in offering secondary education to those who have no hope of finding a job. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?不同意：中学教育是一个重要的德育阶段，如果在这个时候中断，带来的不仅仅是失业这样的问题，还有青少年犯罪等社会问题 vital stage for moral education. If it was interrupted, numerous social problem/headaches may create as juvenile delinquency. (正如马克吐温说：你每关闭一所学校，你就必须开设一座监狱。Every time you stop a school, you will have to build a jail ） 教育能够帮助培养个人素质；提高劳动力的素质，从而提高生产效率，推动社会发展，从根本上解决失业的问题。do a favor to/ be beneficial（advantageous, preferable) to personal quality, enhance/ boost/ promote the quality of the labor force, thereby increase production efficiency, social development, solve the problem of unemployment 从长远来看，如果受过更高的教育，则有更多的机会找到好的工作。In a long runterm, if pupils could receive better education, they may have far more opportunities to find better jobs. 教育的作用不仅仅应当局限在找工作，而是为了将来更好的发展。The function of education should be not only focused on limited in job hunting, but also for a better development. 2. It is generally believed that education is of vital importance to the development of individuals and the well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill both these functions? 1.主：教会理论知识,能帮助人们成为某行业的专业人士（professional），这能实现个人价值（V realize personal value/ N personal fulfillment）进而对社会做出贡献。举例：在医学院（school of medicine），一个合格的(qualified)医生要经历至少5年专业知识(specialized knowledge)的教育并进行严格的测试( rigorous tests)。2.帮助孩子养成良好的性格（如 乐观 optimism 积极 being positive 善于交流being good at communication ）。解释： 性格决定了人们面对confront困难时的态度和他们与人交流的方式。举例：一个拥有这些品质的人，不但在面临困难时能够坚持下去stick to it，也能获得朋友的帮助和鼓励encouragement。除此之外，他还能因广泛的社会关系网social network 获得信息，想法和帮助。扣题：这有利于人们间融洽关系Harmonious relationship的建立，也使一个人更容易获得get access to成功。3. 教育应该让人获得一些重要的美德virtue（诚实honesty 正直Integrity 无私selfless）道德morality也是评判assess/judge一个人，甚至一个社会的重要因素人们之间可以相互信任，相互合作，在实现自我理想ideal和推动社会发展中找到平衡strike a balance 。(人们with 高尚的道德观 who可以相互信任，相互合作，。)4. 音乐-音乐是一种通用的语言，可以缩短人们距离，促进不同人群的交流。例：在音乐课上，孩子们可以在合作演奏乐曲(instrumental ensemble)的过程中学会与别人配合默契（tacit cooperation）。3. 学校的科目谁来选择? 母题：Some people think that the government should decide which subjects students should study at the university, while others think that students should be allowed to apply for the subject they prefer. Discuss the two views and give your opinion. 个人选： 1.会选择容易通过的 Have a higher likelihood to choose a curriculum that can be easily passed 解释：由于惰性 inertia 解释：大学生课业负担course load繁重demanding，他们除了要完成各种课程curricula的学习外还要参加社会实践social practice扣题： 对他们全面发展不利 Circumscribe their well-rounded development 2. 不了解自己和社会无法明智选择They can hardly make a sensible practical choice due to the ignorance of society and vocational development of their own 因：没有接触过社会 step Into the society,人生阅历life experience有限政府选：1.埋没才能submerge talent 解释：教育资源有限，政府无法了解每个孩子的优势superiority，并因材施教teach students in accordance with their aptitude 结果：学生在学习中优势得不到发挥unleash，可能会失去学习的信心，甚至会因此放弃学业abandon study3. 谁来为学费买单? 母题：Some people believe that university students should pay all the cost of studies because university education only benefit the students themselves not the society as a whole. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 1穷孩子负担不起，Some individuals ,especially the poverty-stricken ones , can hardly bear the financial burden .剥夺他们的教育权。 their right to education have a higher likelihood to be deprived . 家庭条件不好low socio-economic status的人在将来的职业发展上会吃亏at a disadvantage这拉大了贫富差距。给社会带来不稳定因素Widen the gap between rich and poor /Add uncertainty to 2经济压力大，学习只在乎知识不在乎道德Under great economic pressure 学生专注于如何找到好工作赚到更多钱，而忽略了个人价值的实现personal fulfillment和对于社会的贡献 contribution of society 这会导致人们更加自私自利selfish缺乏团队合作精神team-spirit，社会道德水平 ethical standards会随之下滑4. 孩子们要不要参加社会实践? 母题：Some school leavers travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages? (, , ) 好处：了解社会，为学习指明方向,避免脱离实际Expose students to the principle and discipline of the whole society Show direction to student's study Avoid divorcing from facts 锻炼独立生活能力cultivate students' ability to live independently 缺点：就是容易受到社会恶习的影响,培养出不好的道德价值观，可能走上犯罪道路Be vulnerable to social evils Be instilled of false moral values Propel sb towards a life of crime 没有足够经验，容易受骗，不安全Be likely to be deceived or robbed Their personal safety may not be guaranteed 受到到诱惑,放弃学业Cannot resist the temptation of a life without any restrain Abandon their studies 5. 家庭教育 母题 Some people say that children should obey the rules of their parents and teachers, while other people think children will not be well-prepared for their adult life if they are given too much control. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. 孩子应该听话1教孩子学会为自己的行为负责，从而成为一个被社会接受的人acceptable people 解释：孩子不知道如何分辨对错，也意识不到自己行为的后果 be unaware of the consequences of their behavior 例：比如，一些不好的习惯，比如攻击性的举动aggressive behaviour和不礼貌的语言foul language，可以被改掉rectify2主：帮助发挥个性-创造力 Develop their personality Foster creativity 解释：每个孩子的性格特征character trait不同，成长背景Growing background不同，而父母是唯一最了解孩子的人扣题：个人天赋Talent and special skills can be exerted Fulfill their potential in their future studies or careers 不能过度控制孩子1父母过于强调孩子的顺从obedience ,会让孩子没有独立解决问题的能力。解释：父母给孩子提供了规则，但社会的规则远比这复杂的多。2过渡的管制会让孩子表现得叛逆rebellious，甚至表现出反社会的行为antisocial behaviour解释：叛逆期 rebellious period 存在于孩子的青春期puberty当中。例：被禁止喝酒的孩子会故意deliberately选择喝酒，来对抗defy父母的权威6. Topic: agree or disagree: Some people think students should be allowed to evaluate their teachers job performance. In this day and age, it is standard practice for business executive to fill out performance-evaluation forms to give their assessment of their subordinates work. But when it comes to the evaluation of school teachers job performance by their students, people hold divergent views. Some argue thatstudents should be allowed to do so. Others contend that disrespect and indiscipline will ensue if students evaluate their teachers work. Personally, I believe both these two views have some merit. Granted, there could be some possible drawbacks to students evaluating their teachers work. First, if not well-managed, evaluation by the students may be completely worthless or even misleading. It is manifest that not all students would give their evaluation responsibly and some students may make mean comments. Secondly, some students criticize their teacher not because their teachers have a slack attitude about their job. Rather they do so because they dislike or even despise schooling. However, encouraging students to evaluate their teacher can bring about more boons. In the first place, it is an effective means of motivating the teachers to improve their lectures. Teachers have to keep adjusting their teaching to measure up to the expectations of the student. In the second place, regular input affords the teacher objective and balanced ideas about their own performance. Without such feedback, it is hard for the teacher to have accurate assessment of their own teaching. In the third place, a measure of students autonomy can make the student better prepared for their adult life. The student becomes better at decision-making and critical thinking. In the final analysis, I concede that enabling the student to evaluate their teachers performance might have some potential drawback. However, by averaging out students appraisal and encourage them to evaluate responsibly can eliminate the downside of this practice. On balance, I am convinced that allowing students to evaluate their teachers is in the best interests of students, teachers, school administrators, and the society as a whole.7.Most countries spend much money on education, as they start to realize the importance of education. In your opinion which subject is the most important for young people and which one is the least important?  Subjects:   Literature Sports Mathematics Economy Physics History Music Geography整个题目可以分为理论科目和实践科目两种：理论科目的好处：智的角度实践科目（音乐、体育）的好处：美、体、劳的角度E.g.: What does sports benefits your academic? Any sport will have a positive effect on academic performance simply because exercise is good for the brain, and teamwork and strategy that are focal to most sports are applicable as well to many academic areas. 理论科目的坏处：枯燥、单调、需要长时间的学习、结合实践时较为困难体育、音乐的坏处：需要天赋；需要大量时间和金钱的投入；就业范围小，职业生涯短7. Schoolteachers used to be the source of information, however, some people argue that teachers are not as important as before as the increasing variety of information resources. What is your opinion? (08.04.24)对。有好处： be beneficial to / benefit / obtain benefit from / be instrumental in / be conductive to 对。有坏处：be harmful to / be detrimental to 和以前一样重要：（也就是说老师的重要性）学校教育更加有利于学生的道德培养，尤其对于年龄较小的学生。老师可以帮助学生建立自信心，培养能力，塑造良好的性格最终成为一个有利于社会的人。Set a positive role model / cultivate / nurture / foster 培养 positive characters /Teachers could help the students to build up confidence, shape upright character and ultimately grow a full man beneficial to the society. 通过老师的讲解，能够更加容易接受知识。By lectures, students are more easily to receive knowledge.可以根据学生的需要而改变teach students in accordance with their own characteristics and differences 学生在学校里能够参加体育锻炼，有利于身体的健康和成长 学校教育给了学生一个交流、沟通、合作的机会，有利于团队精神team spirit、合作精神cooperation、创新能力innovation的培养foster/cultivation。 其他信息途径的好处（远程教育的好处）提供了一种更为新颖有效的教育形式 an original and effective educational model；增加人们接受教育的机会increase the opportunities of being educated;提高参与者的科技能力develop technology competencies、拓展技术面broaden skill set,从而提高就业机会job opportunity。 为地处偏远和行动不便的人、工作时间不稳定的人提供了受教育的机会those with restricted mobility, such as elderly, disabled, injured, irregular work schedule. 可以同时和全国各地甚至全世界各地的人进行交流和学communicate and interact with students all over the country or even the world 文档和资料容易储存、易提取、打印和阅读 documents and materials are easily recorded, retrieved, printed and read 远程教育的缺点：缺乏和老师面对面的交流lack of in-person contact with faculty members很难及时接受到老师的反馈wait for a long time before receiving feedback about assignments 不能像传统教育那样和同学之间更多地接触，没有机会提高口头交流能力和合作能力等have no chance to enhance oral communication skills and cooperation skills 精力和注意力会被很多东西分散 many distractions at home 并不是所有的行业都承认网络教育的学历，缺乏就业认可。not all work industries acknowledge online degrees 8.University students always focus on one specialist subject, but some people think universities should encourage their students to study a range of subjects in addition to their own subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? (08.06.05)学习多个科目的好处：目前很多大学都倾向于专业学习（specialized or vocational education），很多专业都是以就业为本（career-oriented or vocation-oriented）而最近的潮流是重新注重全面教育（general education），注重学生的技能，在不同学科上的应用。 很多学科是交叉的interrelated，学习多种科目有利于了解更多的知识widen scope of knowledge，加深对于专业科目的理解be beneficial/advantageous/preferable to the understanding/comprehension of specialist subjects 毕业之后有更多的工作选择increase employment opportunity,增加竞争力competiveness 当求职市场竞争日趋激烈的时候，在不同专业领域涉猎、对于跨学科学习具备经验的学生有望占据一个主导地位。As the job market is becoming increasingly competitive, students who dabble in different specialized areas and have experience in interdisciplinary study are expected to be in a preponderant position 深造的时候有更多的学科选择 there are more choices when seeking for a further education. 学某些特定科目的好处：学生将更有时间把精力放在专业课的学习上devote ones time and energy to specific subjects节约时间 提高专业技能increase specialized knowledge 提高职业竞争力improve competitiveness 9.Some people think that children should obey the rules or do what their parents and teachers want them to do. Other people think that children controlled too much cannot deal with problem alone. Discuss both views and state your own opinion. 父母的教育方式parenting分为：专断型authoritarian, 管教型authoritative，纵容型permissive和漠不关心型uninvolved。大多数的专家认同和推荐管教型authoritative这一教育模式，即父母会制定基本的规则establish basic guidelines让小孩去遵循，但是同时考虑到小孩的特点和要求，惩罚的时候同时注意开导孩子。父母和老师制定规则，控制孩子的行为的好处：孩子缺乏自制力和判断力the children are lack of self-control and judging ability/capability 父母和老师能够根据自己的经验帮助孩子找到正确的发展方向take the right path to success 有助于孩子形成良好的行为习惯form appropriate behavior patterns,改正其不好的行为习惯等stop their misbehaviors 孩子可以吸取前人的失败教训，避免走弯路can draw experience from the preceding failures and avoid committing the same mistakes. 父母和老师制定规则，控制孩子的行为的坏处：导致叛逆的行为result in rebellion，甚至对父母产生憎恨hate their parents, who apply strict rules and impose punishment 导致孩子产生逆来顺受的性格docile obedience，不敢尝试和面对失败afraid to try and fail,表现出不足够的自制fail to demonstrate considerable self-regulation 抑制孩子的想像力，不利于孩子充分表现自我deny children the opportuneity to express individuality 缺乏独立性lack of independence,low self-esteem；不能独自面对和解决困难conquer difficulties and handle different situations 孩子的兴趣和决定应当受到尊重receive respect for their hobbies and decisions 给父母和老师减轻负担lightenreduce the burden of 10.Nowadays, more university students choose to study some practical subjects (such as marketing, computer programming, etc.) instead of theoretical subjects (such as economy, math, chemistry). Some people suggest that universities should focus on practical subjects, but not theoretical subjects. What is your opinion? 实践科目的好处：增加学生适应社会的能力：increase the capability of adapting the society 找工作的时候更加有竞争力have more competitiveness in job huntingseeking 更快的适应新的工作：suit to the new position career more rapidly 实践性科目往往更加有趣，容易坚持和学习。也可以通过学习增加合作能力和交流能力， some social skills as cooperation ability 理论科目的好处：为实践科目提供理论基础和技术支持providesupply theoretical foundation for practice 增加知识量 increase knowledge capacity 培养逻辑和思维的能力 cultivate critical thinking 更加有利于学生的深造be beneficial to further study 11.Some teachers think it is effective for students to study in-group while others think it is better to study alone. What are the benefits of each way?  Which one do you think is more effective? (08.08.30)分组学习的好处：增加沟通face to face interaction与交流能力communication skills 提高团队精神team spirit, cooperation in groups;培养学生的责任感individual accountability 提高学生解决问题的能力 problem-solving ability，他们可以从各种各样的观点和经验中获益benefit from a diversity of perspectives and experiences. 学习氛围更好: better atmosphere 监督性、竞争性: monitor and compete 适合较低阶段和较低年龄的学习:group study suits primary stage   单独学习的好处：节约时间time-saving, 更有效率more efficient、突出学生的个人目标personal distinctions，而分组学习过分强调步调一致concerted effort个别学生可能失去对于学习的兴趣lose learning enjoyment，没有动力lack motivation 培养独立思考能力: self-independent 安静、可以集中精力: quiet, be beneficial to concentration 适合高级阶段的学习 suits senior study 12.Once children start school, teachers have more influence than parents on their intellectual and social development. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (08.09.06)浅析：教育类的新题。目前题库中没有任何题目与之相近。然而，如果考生聪明一点，完全可以将“老师”引申为“学校”或者“教育”，这样的思路就比较宽。首先看看两个概念。一是什么是intellectual development？ Intellectual development refers to the development of ones ability to think, to understand ideas and to acquire knowledge.二是什么是social development？Social development refers to the acquisition and improveme