高三英语语法专题复习讲义--名词性从句.doc

高三英语语法专题复习讲义名词性从句和定语从句【考点点拨】名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。近几年高考对名词性从句的考查重点如下：【考点1】名词性从句中引导词that与what的使用场合。1 that 引导名词性从句时，不在从句中充当任何成分，只起连接作用；而what是连接代词，在从句中充当成分。 _ made the school proud was _ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. (2003上海春季)A. What / because B. What / that C. That / what D. That / because2that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可省略, 但当有两个和两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句以下的that不可省略。如：She said (that) she had left school and that her parents would find her a job. Word comes _ a group of Australian guests will come to visit our school next week. A. that B. which C. 不填 D. about which (2005天津2月)3介词后的宾语从句常用what，whether引导，不用that，which引导。但在介词besides，except，in后可用that引导宾语从句。在有it作先行词时，that可用来引导介词后的宾语从句。 The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.A. as B. which C. what D. that (2004上海春季)【考点2】名词性从句中引导词whether与if 的用法区别。可以互换的场合：1、引导及物动词或形容词后的宾语从句；He is not sure if / whether he can manage to do it.2、当与or not分开使用时He wondered if / whether we will attend the meeting or not.只能用whether不能用if的场合： 1、引导表语从句、同位语从句及位于句首的主语从句；2、引导介词后的宾语从句（有时可省略）；3、后面紧跟or not时；4、后面直接跟动词不定式时 _ the flight to New York will be delayed is _ Im especially worried about. (2003南京)A. If ; what B. Whether ; that C. When ; that D. Whether ; what【考点3】在动词：一坚持（insist）、二命令（order，command）、三建议（suggest，advise，propose）、四要求（demand，require，request，ask）后的宾语从句和这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句，以及这些动词的名词引出的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分常用（should）do形式。 I advised that he _ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _ quite well then.A. be sent; was feeling B. was sent; sentC. be sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel (2005年山东2月)【考点4】名词性从句的语序只能是陈述句语序，宾语从句的时态应该与主句的谓语动词的时态保持一致。 T her ; that C. When ; that D. Whether ; what【考点5】whoever，whichever，whatever，whenever，wherever和however在引导名词性从句时不可与no matter who / which / what/ when/ where / how 替换，因为后者只能引导让步主语从句。 Have a nice trip! Thanks. Ill telephone you from _ I get to by tomorrow evening. (2004 广州)A. wherever B. every place C. whenever D. no matter where定语从句可分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。高考对定语从句的考查常涉及以下几个方面：【考点6】正确区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的结构；理解关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的作用；特别注意指代整个主句内容的关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。 I shall never forget the day _ Shenzhou V was launched, _ has a great effect on my life.A. when; which B. that; which C. which; that D. when; that (2004北京东城)【考点7】关系代词that，who，which以及as的用法区别。指人时常只用who不用that的情况；指物时只用which不用that的情况；只用that不用which的情况；关系代词as与which的用法区别；the same that 与the same as 的区别 Ther e is no such place _ you dream of in all this world. (2004北京西城5月)A. that B. what C. which D. as【考点8】区别that引导的定语从句与that引导的同位语从句。that引导同位语从句时，that是纯连词，在从句中不充当任何成分；that引导定语从句时，that是关系代词，在从句中充当主语或宾语等。比较：The news that they had won the game arrived soon.The news that you told me yesterday is true. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春季)A. he explained B. what he explainedC. how he explained D. why he explained【考点9】定语从句中谓语动词须与先行词在人称与数上保持一致。 He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship in three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been (2002上海春季)【考点10】在先行词为time，place，reason时，常可用that代替when，where，why，并常常省去。如：That was the reason (that) / why / for which he left home. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (2004湖北)A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which【趋势】近几年高考对名词性从句的考查日趋灵活，多以考查名词性从句的引导词为主，并且常与定语从句和状语从句等相关知识结合起来考查。【各个击破】1The boy dived into the water and after _ seemed to be a long time, he came up again.A. what B. that C. it D. which2These two areas are similar _ they both have a high rainfall during this season. A. except that B. in which C. in that D. so that 3You may depend on _ that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time.A. which B. it C. whom D. these4Scientists believe native Americans arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and _ more than 10,000 years ago.A. this is Alaska B. Alaska is now C. is now Alaska D. what is now Alaska5Look at the watch. Dont you see it is _ watch _ Helen lost the other day?A. as the same ; as B. the same ; as C. the same ; which D. as the same ; that6The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _ is often the case in other countries. A. as B. that C. so D. it7_ was known to them all that Bob had broken his promise _ he would give them a rise.A. As; which B. What; that C. It; that D. It; which8That is the reason _ he gave us for carrying out the plan. A. because B. why C. how D. that9Was it in the village _ we used to live in _ the accident happened?A. where; that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which10The hours _ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.A. that B. when C. in which D. on which11Mr. Smith will move into his new house next Sunday, _ it will be completely finished.A. on that time B. by which time C. on which D. by the time12In the book, Newton is shown as a gifted scienti st who stood at the point in history _ magic ended and science began.A. where B. when C. that D. which13The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.A. when B. where C. which D. whose14The question of _ they are old or young is not important.A. / B. whether C. how D. if15Earth is a rocky planet _ liquid water, which is necessary for life, can exist.A. as B. which C. where D. when答案：名词性从句与定语从句：ACBDB ACDBA BABBC