4-1-施工测量的基本工作.pdf

4 施工测量4-1 施工测量的基本工作4-1-1 基本原则建筑施工测量是研究利用各种测量仪器和工具对建筑场地上地面的位置进行度量和测定的科学，它的基本任务：1对建筑施工场地的外表形状和尺寸按一定比例测绘成地形图。2将图纸上已设计好的工程建筑物按设计要求测设到地面上，并用各种标志表示在现场。3按设计的屋面标高、逐层引测。4-1-2 距离测量根据不同的精度要求，距离测量有普通量距和精密量距两种方法。精密量距时所量长度一般都要加尺长、温度和高差三项改正数，有时必须考虑垂曲改正。丈量两已知点间的距离，使用的主要工具是钢卷尺，精度要求较低的量距工作，也可使用皮尺或测绳。4-1-2-1 普通量距1测距方法先用经纬仪或以目估进行定线。如地面平坦，可按整尺长度逐步丈量，直至最后量出两点间的距离。假设地面起伏不平，可将尺子悬空并目估使其水平。以垂球或测钎对准地面点或向地面投点，测出其距离。地面坡度较大时，则可把一整尺段的距离分成几段丈量；也可沿斜坡丈量斜距，再用水准仪测出尺端间的高差，然后按式 4-2求出高差改正数，将倾斜距离改化成水平距离。如使用经检定的钢尺丈量距离，当其尺长改正数小于尺长的1/10000，可不考虑尺长改正。量距时的温度与钢尺检定时的标准温度一般规定为20相差不大时，也可不进行温度改正。2精度要求为了校核并提高精度，一般要求进行往返丈量。取平均值作为结果，量距精度以往测与返测距离值的差数与平均值之比表示。在平坦地区应到达1/3000，在起伏变化较大地区要求到达1/2000，在丈量困难地区不得大于1/1000。4-1-2-2 精密量距1测距方法先用经纬仪进行直线方向，清除视线上的障碍，然后沿视线方向按每整尺段即钢尺检定时的整长 设置传距桩。最好在桩顶面钉上白铁片，并画出十字线的标记。所使用之钢尺在开始量距前应先打开，使与空气接触，经 10min 后方可进行量距。前尺以弹簧秤施加与钢尺检定时相同的拉力，后尺则以厘米分划线对准桩顶标志，当钢尺到达稳定时，前尺对好桩顶标志，随即读数；随后后尺移动12cm分划线重新对准桩顶标志，再次读数；一般要求读出三组读数。读数时应估读到 0.10.5mm，每次读数误差为 0.51mm。读数时应同时测定温度，温度计最好绑在钢尺上，以便反映出钢尺量距时的实际温度。2零尺段的丈量按整尺段丈量距离，当量至另一端点时，必剩一零尺段。零尺段的长度最好采用经过检定的专门用于丈量零尺段的补尺来量度。如无条件，可按整尺长度沿视线方向将尺的一端延长，对钢尺所施拉力仍与检定时相同，然后按上述方法读出零尺段的读数。但由于钢尺刻度不均匀误差的影响，用这种方法测量不足整尺长度的零段距离，其精度有所降低，但对全段距离的影响是有限的。3量距精度当全段距离量完之后，尺端要调头，读数员互换，按同法进行返测，往返丈量一次为一测回，一般应测量二测回以上。量距精度以两测回的差数与距离之比表示。使用普通钢尺进行精密量距，其相对误差一般可达1/50000 以上。4-1-2-3 精密量距的几项改正数1钢尺尺长改正数的理论公式用钢尺测量空间两点间的距离时，因钢尺本身有尺长误差或刻划误差，在两点之间测量的长度不等于实际长度，此外因钢卷尺在两点之间无支托，使尺下挠引起垂曲误差，为使下挠垂曲小一些，需对钢尺施加一定的拉力，此拉力又文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7文档编码:CZ10V6V6J8T1 HU8Q6X5R7X10 ZW9R9F3W9K7势必使钢尺产生弹性变形，在尺端两桩高差为零的情况下，可列出钢尺尺长改正数理论公式的一般形式为：LiCiPiSi4-1式中Li零尺段尺长改正数；Ci零尺段尺长误差或刻划误差；Si钢尺尺长垂曲改正数；Pi钢尺尺长拉力改正数。钢尺尺长误差改正公式：钢尺上的刻划和注字，表示钢尺名义长度，由于钢尺制造设备，工艺流程和控制技术的影响，会有尺长误差，为了保证量距的精度，应对钢尺作检定，求出尺长误差的改正数。检定钢尺长度水平状态系在野外钢尺基线场标准长度上，每隔5m 设一托桩，以比长方法，施以一定的检定压力，检定 030m或 050m 刻划间的长度，由此可按通用公式计算出尺长误差的改正数：L平检L基L量4-2式中L平检钢尺水平状态检定拉力P0、20时的尺长误差改正数；L基比尺长基线长度；L量钢尺量得的名义长度。当钢尺尺长误差分布均匀或系统误差时，钢尺尺长误差与长度成比例关系，则零尺段尺长误差的改正公式为：平检LLLCii?式中Ci零尺段尺长误差改正数；Li零尺段长度；L整尺段长度。所求得的尺长改正数亦可送有资质的单位去作检定。2温度改正钢 尺 的 长 度 是 随 温 度 而 变 化 的。钢 的 线 胀 系 数 一 般 为0.00001160.0000125，为了简化计算工作，取0.000012。假设量距时之温度文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9t 不等于钢尺检定时的标准温度t0t0一般为 20，则每一整尺段 L 的温度改正数Lt按下式计算Lt tt0L4-33倾斜改正高差改正设沿倾斜地面量得A、B 两点之距离为 L图 4-1，A、B 两点之间的高差为 h，为了将倾斜距离L 改算为水平距 L0，需要求出倾斜改正数 Lh。图 4-1 斜距改正示意342082LhLhLLLh4-4对上式一般只取用第一项，即可满足要求。如高差较大，所量斜距较短，则须计算第二项改正数。上式第二项为LLhLh2)2(82234。故求得第一项数值后将其平方再除以 2L，即得第二项之绝对值。4垂曲改正如果钢尺在检定时，尺间按一定距离设有水平托桩，或沿水平地面丈量，而在实际作业时不能按此条件量距，须悬空丈量，钢尺必然下垂，此时对所量距离必须进行垂曲改正。垂曲改正数按下式计算：23224PLWl4-5式中W钢尺每米重力 N/m；L尺段两端间的距离 m；P拉力 N。例如：L28m，W0.19N/m，P100N 代入上式，则文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9mml3.3100242819.02325拉力改正钢尺长度在拉力作用下有微小的伸长，用它测量距离时，读得的“假读数”，必然小于真实读数，所以应在“假读数”上加拉力改正数，此改正数可用材料力学中虎克定律算出，而在弹性限度内，钢尺的弹性伸长与拉力的关系式为：FEPLPii?4-6因钢尺尺长误差的改正数，已含有P0拉力的弹性伸长，则上式改为：)(0PPFELPii?令FEG?1)(0PPLGPii?4-7式中P测量时的拉力；P0检定时的拉力；Li零尺段长度；G钢尺延伸系数。通常，在实际测量距离时所使用的拉力，总是等于钢尺检定时所使用的拉力，因而不需进行拉力改正。6钢尺尺长方程式及其改正数表的编制和算例对于悬空状态下尺长方程式：文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9由式 4-8、式 4-9可知，当拉力跨距和钢尺各技术参数如W、F、E、等为已知时，则可按上述理论公式求得相应的改正数，再取各项改正数的和计算，即得钢尺任意状态下尺长的实际长度。应当指出，材质不同的钢尺，其弹性模量也不相同，从不同钢材的弹性模量和截面积计算出延伸系数。目前 JIS一级钢卷尺的各项技术参数列于表4-1。钢尺技术参数表 4-1 种类厚宽mmmm截面积 F mm2单位重量 W g/m延伸系数G1m/10Nmm弹性模量E 105N/mm2膨胀系数 10-6/司底伦卷尺*0.13 10 1%1%宽面卷尺*0.19 13 1%1%韧性卷尺*0.3 6*1.75 土 2.5%1%银白卷尺*0.19 13 1%1.5%普通钢卷尺0.22 13 2.5%2.5%不锈钢卷尺0.22 13 2%2%普通钢带卷尺0.25 15 1%1%不锈钢带卷尺0.25 15 2%2%韧性不锈钢卷尺0.3 6 2.5%2.5%韧性碳钢卷尺0.3 6 2.5%2.5%注：带有*号的卷尺，其截面积不包括外面的尼龙涂层是芯钢材实际尺寸，重量包括外面涂层与尼龙。为了使用方便，我们编制了钢尺悬空和水平状态下尺长改正数表和温度改正数用表。为便于比较，我们编制本表依据是机械工业建厂测量手册中国产30m文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9地球牌钢卷尺，尺端施用P0100N 拉力，尺身悬空无托桩，悬空检定整尺段钢尺悬检为 8.64mm。地球牌钢卷尺技术参数：F2；W15.68/m；E200000N/mm2；G0.028mm。理论公式采用式 4-9，改正用表见表 4-2表 4-7。根据公式绘制一曲线，见图4-2。横轴为不同长度li，纵轴为拉力Pi，使用时以长度 li为引数，即可求得相应的拉力Pi，及其相应的尺长改正数 li。图 4-2 t 改正数表 4-2 C 改正数表 4-3 P 改正数表 4-4 文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文档编码:CZ1U5K7S8I6 HI4U4L10I3Y8 ZN9U8H1J10R9文