国际经济学考题分析报告.pdf
范文范例学习指导word 完美整理版国际经济学考题分析（2013年版）第 二章第 三章第 四章第 五章第 六章第 七章第 八章第 九章合计题量1 9 6 8 7 5 4 3 43 分值8 41 27 38 32 25 23 7 201 经对历年考题的分析发现：第三章、第五章、第六章是重点，是分数布局的主要部分，第四章,第七章、第八章也比较重要。题型主要集中在名词解释与简答题，选择题较少，问答题从未出过。真题没有超出大纲复习题的范围，真题对大纲复习题的覆盖范围较少，真题相对大纲复习题的难度等级较低。按分值对章节重要性排名排名章节排名章节1 第三章（41）6 第八章（23）2 第五章（38）7 第二章（8）3 第六章（32）8 第九章（7）4 第四章（27）9 第一章（0）5 第七章（25）10 第十章（0）第一章 绪论第十章经济全球化趋势以上各章无考题第二章 国际贸易纯理论简答题（2013）结合图形说明贸易条件与出口的贫困增长答：出口的贫困增长指当一国生产能力增加是，出口规模极大增长，但是出口的结果是不仅导致该国贸易条件的严重恶化，该国国民福利水平绝对下降。其图形分析过程如右图：1）生产可能性曲线外移，生产点从A移至 A，2）社会无差异曲线与价格线的切点，从C移动至 C 点，第 1 页，共 13 页范文范例学习指导word 完美整理版由于世界价格线T 在生产扩大后发生变化，较原价格线更为平缓，结果是出口增加，但出口相对价格下降，同量出口可换回的进口下降，总体福利水平降低。发生条件：出口国是发展中国家且为单一经济：产品为初级产品或劳动密集型，且出口占据世界销售的很大份额，该国的任何出口增长都会导致世界市场几个波动，该种产品弹性小，不会因为价格变化而促进销量的增加，国民经济的发展高度依赖该种产品的出口，以致国际价格的下降需要靠更大的出口量去弥补损失。本章知识点:贸易条件，贫困增长第三章国际贸易的现代与当代理论单选题（2008、2013）_ C _ 不属于当代国际贸易理论。A.战略政策贸易理论 B.产业内贸易理论 C.比较优势理论 D.贸易扭曲理论(2012)根据H-0 模型，国际贸易的结果使各贸易参与国之间的要素报酬率_，出现要素价格 _ A _ 趋势。A.差异缩小均等化B.不变不变C.差异缩小不变第 2 页，共 13 页文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 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HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8范文范例学习指导word 完美整理版D.不变 均等化名词解释（2005）列昂惕夫反论（2006）战略政策贸易理论：战略政策贸易理论是1985 年由斯宾瑟(B.Spencer)、布兰德(J.Brander)、格罗斯曼（G.Grossman）、迪克西特(A.Dixit)等以不完全竞争和古诺双寡头为条件，运用产业组织理论、市场结构的分析为工具提出的。战略政策贸易理论与比较利益学说、HO 模型主张的自由贸易相反，它是各国在国际贸易中实行贸易干涉与干预的理论基础。该理论认为，一国可以通过各种政策的干预(如税收、补贴、经济合作等)，在对本国至关重要的生产领域中创造出比较优势，这样的干预虽然破坏了完全竞争，但却可以增加一国的经济福利。(2010）列昂惕夫反论简答题（1999）简述列昂惕夫反论的基本内容：列昂惕夫运用投入产出模型检验美国的对外贸易情况，其结果恰好与 H-O模型理论给人们的印象之间存在矛盾的现象。传统上，人们认为美国属于资本要素存量相对丰富德国家，因此按照 H-O模型原理，它的对外贸易结构应该以出口资本密集型产品为主，进口劳动密集型产品为主，但是根据投入产出法经验检验结论，与人们这一印象相反。原因是美国工人的劳动生产率更高，指出了H-O模型前提中关于劳动、资本同质性的缺陷。劳动非同质，回到了古典经济学观点。要素密集度逆转。同一种商品在资本相对丰富的国家属于资本密集型产品，而在劳动力相对丰富的国家则属于劳动密集型产品。（2008）根据产业内贸易理论简述同质产品产业内贸易的几种类型：不同国家间大宗产品的交叉型产业内贸易。经济合作或因经济技术因素而产生产业内贸易。大量的转口贸易。第 3 页，共 13 页文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 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完美整理版季节性产品贸易。跨国公司的内部贸易（2012）简述产品的同质性、异质性，并说明同、异质产品产业内贸易的种类。答：产品同质性：产品间可以完全相互替代，即商品需求的交叉弹性极高，消费者的对这类产品的消费偏好完全一样。一般情况下大多属于产业间贸易的对象。产品的异质性：产品相似但又不完全一样，存在着一定的差异，产品彼此之间不能完全替代但尚可进行一定程度的替代，交叉弹性小于同质性产品，在生产中要素投入具有相似性。大多数产业内贸易的产品都属于这类产品。同质产品的产业内贸易不同国家间大宗产品的交叉型产业内贸易。经济合作或因经济技术因素而产生产业内贸易。大量的转口贸易。政府干预产生的价格扭曲。季节性产品贸易。跨国公司的内部贸易异质产品的产业内贸易水平差异：商品相同属性的不同组合而产生的差异性。技术差异：用新技术制造的新产品带来的差异，处于不同产品生命周期阶段的同类产品往往在不同类型的国家进行生产，继而在彼此间进行进出口贸易，便会产生产业内贸易。垂直差异：产品质量方面的差异。从供给方面分析存在着的规模经济，从需求方面看存在着的需求偏好方面的重叠，从经济环境上存在着不完全竞争的条件。论述题：本章知识点:列昂惕夫反论,战略政策贸易理论,产业内贸易,H-0 理论第 4 页，共 13 页文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 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HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8范文范例学习指导word 完美整理版第四章 国际贸易政策分析单选题（2007）进口配额制在国际贸易中属于_ B _。A、关税壁垒措施B、非关税壁垒措施C、自由贸易措施D、与贸易政策无关的措施（2009）在国际贸易相关法律上所指的倾销应包括_ B _。产品低于正常价值或公平价值销售这种低价销售行为对进口国的相关产业造成了损害低价销售是长期持续的损害与低价之间存在因果关系A BC D名词解释（2004）倾销经济学的定义：最初由经济学家雅格布瓦伊纳提出，他认为：倾销是一种商品在不同市场之间的价格歧视，是海外商品以低于同样商品的销售价格在国内同时出售。法律定义：1994年关税及贸易总协议第六条法律上倾销的构成有以下三个条件构成：（1）产品以低于正常价值或公平价值的价格销售。正常价值或公平价值是指出口国或原产地国的国内市场销售价格，在特定情况下也可以是该国向第三国出口的市场销售价格或结构价格等。（2）低价销售的行为对进口国产业造成实质性的损害、实质性威胁和实质性阻碍。（3）损害与价格之间存在因果关系。只有同时具备了上述三个条件的低价销售行为，才能够依据反倾销法采取反倾销第 5 页，共 13 页文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8范文范例学习指导word 完美整理版措施。由此可见，经济学上的倾销只是构成法律倾销的前提条件。（2008）进口配额：指一国政府在一定时期内，对于某些商品的进口数量或金额加以直接限制的措施。在实践中存在着超过配额不得进口（绝对配额）与对超额进口部分实行惩罚性关税（关税配额），以及针对国别与全球发放进口配额的做法。简答题（2002）什么是幼稚产业（H-B-K 标准）答：（1）穆勒标准：某种产业由于技术不足，生产率低下，成本高于国际市场，无法竞争。在保护下，能够在自由贸易下获利，使得潜在的比较利益转化为现实的比较利益，可以自我投资发展，即为幼稚产业。（2）巴斯塔布尔标准：除了坚持穆勒的产业自立原则之外，还将经济学中的成本效益分析方法引进予以应用。他认为保护、扶植幼稚行业所需的社会成本不能超过该产业将来利润的现值，（3）肯普标准：还应该考虑产业在被保护时期内的外部效应问题。（2006）简述倾销的界定，以及对进口国和出口国的影响1994年关税及贸易总协议第六条法律上倾销的构成有以下三个条件构成：（1）产品以低于正常价值或公平价值的价格销售。正常价值或公平价值是指出口国或原产地国的国内市场销售价格，在特定情况下也可以是该国向第三国出口的市场销售价格或结构价格等。（2）低价销售的行为对进口国产业造成实质性的损害、实质性威胁和实质性阻碍。（3）损害与价格之间存在因果关系。只有同时具备了上述三个条件的低价销售行为，才能够依据反倾销法采取反倾销措施。由此可见，经济学上的倾销只是构成法律倾销的前提条件。(一)对出口国的影响第 6 页，共 13 页文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 ZX1P3R3Z10G8范文范例学习指导word 完美整理版挤占出口国企业的市场份额。损害出口国消费者的利益。扰乱出口国的市场秩序。(二)对进口国的影响阻碍进口国相应产业的发展。扭曲进口国市场秩序。威胁和抑制进口国产业结构调整和新兴工业的建立。论述题：本章知识点:倾销,进口配额,幼稚产业（H-B-K 标准）第五章 国际收支分析单选题(2007)在国际收支平衡表中，外国捐赠者对我国组织或个人的捐赠应列入_ C _。A、资本账户 B、经常账户C、金融账户D、错误与遗漏(2010)利用货币对外贬值调节一国国际收支逆差，需要符合马歇尔一勒纳条件，即本国出口的价格弹性与本国进口的价格弹性之和的绝对值_ A _。A大于 1 C等于 l B小于 1 D小于 0 名词解释(2013)国际收支失衡：国际收支失衡是指经常账户、资本和金融账户的余额出现问题，即对外经济出现了需要调整的情况。国际收入失衡可以分为顺差和逆差，其调节方法主要有弹性法、吸收法和货币法。第 7 页，共 13 页文档编码:CL10R3P7S2K6 HS1F8L6U7F1 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