2022年《细胞生物学实验》教案 .pdf

实验一细胞形态结构的观察与显微测量（必做）一、实验目的：1熟悉动物细胞、植物细胞的基本形态结构2掌握临时装片的制作方法3掌握显微测量的原理和方法4掌握生物绘图的方法。二、实验原理：细胞是生物体结构功能的基本单位，其形态与功能相适应。不同类型的细胞具有不同的大小、形态和结构，以适应其功能。通过制作临时装片，可以观察很多细胞的结构，并借助测微尺测量细胞直径，进而获得细胞的体积。三、实验仪器、试剂及材料：仪器：光学显微镜（每人 1 台），载玻片、盖玻片、剪刀、镊子、牙签、滴管测微尺（镜台测微尺；目镜测微尺）试剂：1%碘液、瑞氏染液（如果观察血细胞，则需瑞氏染液）材料：洋葱、红辣椒、紫色落葵（或紫罗兰）、血细胞悬液、口腔上皮细胞四、实验步骤：1洋葱鳞茎表皮细胞的观察在载玻片中央滴一滴1%碘液用剪刀在洋葱鳞茎叶内表面画一个1mm2的方框用镊子撕下表皮在碘液中铺平盖上盖玻片用吸水纸吸去多余碘液（也可帮助排除气泡）显微镜下观察（同法制红辣椒表皮细胞装片）2人口腔黏膜上皮细胞的观察在载玻片中央滴一滴1%碘液用牙签刮取上皮细胞在 1%碘液中搅动分散细胞染色 1 分钟盖上盖玻片观察3血细胞观察（见细胞生物学实验教程第9 页）在载玻片右端滴一滴血用另一张载玻片以3045 度角（两玻片夹角）推移血液成均匀薄膜滴一滴瑞氏染液染色13 分钟自来水冲洗染液，吸水纸吸干镜检4显微测量（1）原理：测微尺由目镜测微尺和镜台测微尺组成，目镜测微尺位于目镜内，为玻璃圆片，上有一条带刻度的直线，精确度较镜台测微尺的低；镜台测微尺是一块载玻片，中央圆形区域内有一带刻度的直线，精确度较目镜测微尺高。（2）测量：用目镜测微尺的格数度量细胞的大小，目镜测微尺每格代表的实际长度用镜台测微尺来校定。A、将镜台测微尺放入载物台上，转动目镜，使二者平行。选择一处让二者重合，然后向右侧寻找再次重合处，记下二者的数值，并按照目镜测微尺和镜台测微尺的精度关系换算目镜测微尺每小格实际代表的刻度值。目镜测微尺每格的长度=?正确答案:2.5 m 目镜测微尺镜台测微尺文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2B、将镜台测微尺取下，换上洋葱表皮细胞、口腔黏膜上皮细胞、血细胞涂片，用目镜测微尺测量出其长度和宽度。C、应用 V=4/3 ab2(a为长半径，b 为短半径)计算出观察细胞的体积。为什么要测量 5-10 个细胞的数据，再计算平均值？五、思考题：1结合实验分析细胞形态结构的特点及其与功能的适应性。2测量细胞时应注意哪些问题？3绘图：洋葱表皮细胞、口腔黏膜上皮细胞、各种血细胞附：生物绘图必须注意的问题绘图是生物实验报告的一种重要形式，基本要求如下：1准备好 HB 铅笔、橡皮、刀、尺子及绘图纸，将绘图纸放在右边。2绘图时，特别注意观察物的形状、各部分的位置、比例和毗邻关系。3 每幅图的大小、位置在纸面上必须安排得，通常图占报告纸左上方2/3 的面积，并考虑注字的位置。4观察清楚后，选择典型的细胞或组织，左眼看显微镜，右眼配合右手，先用铅笔在纸上轻轻描出轮廓，使形状正确，然后再用清晰的线条绘出，线条粗细要均匀不要重复。注意纸面的整洁，铅笔要保持尖锐，尽量少用橡皮。5用铅笔绘图，线条要明确清晰，图的深浅明暗和立体感一律以点的疏密来表示（深色用密集的黑点，浅色用稀疏的黑点），点要圆而一致，不得涂暗影或进行其它美术加工。6图绘好后，要在图的右侧注明各部分结构名称，引线用直尺画出，间隔要均匀，长短适度，各引线不能交叉，图注要尽量排列整齐，注字要用正楷。7每一个图下面要注明图的名称、放大倍数。8绘图纸上所有注字（包括姓名、实验日期、题目等）均用铅笔书写，不能用其他笔写。文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2实验二观察黑藻的叶绿体和细胞质流动（选做）一、实验目的：1初步掌握高倍显微镜的使用方法。2观察叶绿体形态和分布。3通过显微镜的实际观察，理解细胞质流动是一种生命现象。二、实验原理：1高等植物的叶绿体存在于细胞质中，叶绿体呈绿 色、扁平的椭球形或球形，高倍显微镜下清晰可见。2活细胞中的细胞质处于不断流动的状态，用叶绿体 的运动作为标记可观察细胞质的流动。三、实验程序：光照、室温条件下水中培养黑藻取一片幼嫩的小叶做临时装片：清水+小叶+盖玻片低倍观察叶片细胞高倍观察叶绿体的流动及流动方向。四、注意事项：1、细胞质的流动受细胞的代谢状况和外界环境因素的影响，增进细胞代谢作用的因素，如适宜的光照、温度、pH 值、生长素等，都可以促进细胞质的流动。反之，不利的环境变化和某些化学药品，如麻醉剂等，则可抑制细胞质的流动。2、在做此实验时，如果发现细胞质不流动，或者流动很慢，应立即采取措施，加速其细胞质的流动。其方法有三种：一是进行光照，即在阳光或灯光下放置 1520 分钟；二是提高盛放黑藻的水温，可加入热水将水温调至25左右；三是切伤一小部分叶片。文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2实验三血型的鉴定（选做）一、目的：掌握 ABO 血型鉴定的方法。二、原理：根据 lgM 类特异性血型抗体与红细胞上特异性抗原结合能够出现凝集反应的原理，用已知 lgM 类特异性标准抗血清与被检者红细胞在室温条件下反应，若被检者红细胞出现凝集现象，表明被检红细胞上有与血型抗体对应的抗原。三、器材：载玻片、75%酒精、棉签、采血针试剂：标准抗 A、抗 B 血型定型试剂（二）血型:1、定义：根据红细胞膜表面上特异抗原（凝集原）的类型进行分类。2、血型分类：ABO 血型系统、Rh 血型系统等（三）ABO 血型系统：临床常见：A 型、B 型、AB 型和 O 型。红细胞凝集原血浆的凝集素A 型A 抗 B B 型B 抗 A AB 型A、B O 型抗 A、抗 B（四）血型鉴定的步骤1、准备：载玻片的左上角编号。2.按标记所示分别滴加抗A、抗 B 血型定型试剂各一滴。3.采血：无名指指尖内侧。每边各加入受检者的全血1 滴。用牙签搅拌使红细胞与抗体充分混匀。3、原理：利用凝集反应原理鉴定血型A+抗 A 凝集反应B+抗 B 凝集反应4.观察和血型判读：如有凝集，则愈摇动，凝块愈大；无凝集红细胞可均匀分散。根据有无凝集现象报告结果。注意事项：每人每次使用一支采血针两根搅拌牙签不能相混观察有无凝集反应文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2小知识：利用从绿咖啡豆中提取的酶，来清除掉B 型血红细胞膜表面的多糖体，从而获得和 O 型血基本相同的红血球，这样就可以把B 型血改变成了O 型血，可用于紧急输血。思考1某同学的血液跟A 型标准血清发生凝集反应，但其血清遇A 型血却不发生凝集反应。问：该同学的血型是哪一种？2已知甲、乙、丙、丁四人中，只有甲、乙的血与B 型标准血清发生凝集反应，又知在紧急情况下，甲只能接受丁的血。问：甲、乙、丙、丁各是什么血型3有一对夫妇，父亲的血型为A 型，母亲的血型为B 型，其儿子却是O 型，请问这个儿子是不是这对夫妇所生的？说明理由。1答：AB 型。2答：甲是 A型、乙是 AB型、丙是 B型、丁是各是 O型。3有一对夫妇，父亲的血型为A 型，母亲的血型为B 型，其儿子却是 O型，请问这个儿子是不是这对夫妇所生的？说明理由。答：A 型的基因型：AA和 Ai B 型的基因型：BB和 Bi AB型的基因型：AB O型的基因型：ii 父母基因型：BB AA Bi AA 产生配子：B A B、i A 子女基因型：A B A B Ai 子女血型：A B 型A B 型A 型 父母基因型：BB Ai Ai Bi文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2产生配子：B A、i A、i B、i子女基因型：A B Bi A B Bi Ai ii 子女血型：A B型B 型 A B型 B 型A 型 O 型这对夫妇有可能生出O型血的儿子。但 O型血的这个儿子也还不一定就是这对夫妇所生。通常 ABO 血型的法医鉴定，只能作排除的检查，不能肯定就是。要想知道这个儿子是否亲生，最好还是做DNA 鉴定，准确率达99%。实验四血涂片的制备和细胞计数（必做）课前预习 1细胞计数的基本原理？2细胞计数与细菌计数的异同点？一、实验目的1制备血涂片，观察了解血细胞的基本形态；2掌握细胞计数方法。二、实验原理细胞计数一般用血细胞计数板，按白细胞计数方法进行计数。细胞计数时，先将培养细胞或血细胞稀释成细胞悬液，然后将细胞悬液滴入细胞计数板内，计数计数板上计数室四大格内的细胞数。根据计数室的容积及稀释倍数，即可计算出细胞浓度。三、实验仪器、试剂及材料1材料：鸡一只2器材和仪器：显微镜、载片、盖片、吸水纸、手术器材、解剖盘、血球计数板、小平皿、牙签3试剂：0.9生理盐水四、实验步骤1制备 10%的鸡血细胞悬液2鸡血涂片的制备与观察文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3W10I7I10 ZT10S8D1M8X2文档编码:CV8M7R6S4D8 HV8H3