大学英语词汇与语法练习倒装结构强化练习题答案及详解.docx

练习5：倒装构造强化练习题答案详解Part I. Multiple Choice1. You often read China Daily. _ . A. So am I B. So do I C. Nor do I D. Neither can I 答案：B解析：“你经常看中国日报，我也看。表示前一句所说情况适用于后一句中的主语，而且是肯定句，用so引起局部倒装句，助动词提前，一样的谓语动词省略。2. _ find out what happened. A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to C. Not until did he wake up, he D. Not until he woke up did he答案：D解析：“直到他醒过来他才发现发生了什么事情。not until的句型中，为了强调“直到这一时间概念，经常把Not until引起的时间状语从句置于句首，该从句中没有任何倒装，主句需要局部倒装，把助动词置于主语前。该句中，not until he woke up是从句，he found out what happened是主句。直陈语气下的句子应该是：He did not find out what happened until he woke up.3. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang. A. No sooner had he; when B. He hardly had; then C. Hardly had he; when D. He hardly had; than答案：C解析：“他刚一进房间 就响了起来。表达“刚一就常用句型包括：Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done when ，或者No sooner had sb. done than 。这两个句型中，Hardly/Scarcely/No sooner后引起的是主语，when/than后引起的是从句，该句型中，主句的动作先发生，然后从句中的动作才发生，即“刚刚主句的动作一发生，就发生了从句中的动作这一含义。因此，主句中通常用过去完成时，而从句用一般过去时。4. Little _ about his own health though he was very ill. A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did he care答案：D解析：“他几乎不在乎自己的安康，尽管他病得很重。Little在句中的用法是否认含义的程度副词，表示“几乎不，位于句首时，其后面的句子要局部倒装。该句的直陈句为：He cared little about his own health though he was very ill.5. _, you would have met him. A. If you were there B. Should you been there C. If you went there D. Had you been there答案：D解析：“如果当时你在那儿的话，你就见到他了。该句是if条件句中的虚拟语气，是针对过去已经发生事情的虚拟，从句中应该是过去完成时，主句是助动词+have done，完整的句子应该是If you had been there, you would have met him.为强调，省略了if后，把从句中的助动词提前，该句中的助动词为had，直接放到主语前，构成局部倒装。6. Seldom _ such a funny story as he told us. A. have I heard B. I have heard C. did I listen D. I listened答案：A解析：“我很少听到像他所讲的这样好笑的故事。Seldom是否认意义的频率副词，表示“次数很少，置于句首应局部倒装。该句的直陈句为：I seldom have heard such a funny story as he told us. 注意：B选项的错误在于没有倒装。C和D选项的主要错误在于listen是vi., 只有listen to才能接宾语。7. So loudly _ that all the people in the room got a fright. A. he shouted B. shout he C. did he shout D. he did shout 答案：C解析：“他喊得如此大声以致于屋里的所有人一阵惊惧。so/such that句型中，当so/such 位于句首时，其后的主句中应局部倒装注意，that引起的是从句，that前面的是主句。该句的直陈句为：He shouted so loudly that all the people in the room got a fright.8. Rarely _ so difficult a problem. A. she could have faced with B. could have she faced with C. she could have been faced with D. could she have been faced with 答案：D解析：“她几乎不可能面对过这样的难题。Rarely是否认意义的副词，表示“很少、几乎不，置于句首时，句子要局部倒装，把助动词置于主语之前。该句的直陈句为：She could rarely have been faced with so difficult a problem.注意：该句中的could not/rarely/hardly have done构造表达的是对过去事情的推测，表示主语“过去不太可能做。表达对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测，一般用must have done的构造，意为主语“过去可能做过。9. Not a single mistake _ in the test. A. he made B. did he make C. he has made D. made he答案：B解析：“他在测验中一个错误都没犯。该句是把宾语前置，为了强调，把否认词也前置了。否认副词Not置于句首表达强调时，句子要局部倒装，把助动词置于主语前面。该句的直陈句为：He did not make a single mistake in the test.10. Hardly _ the classroom when the class began. A. had he entered B. he had entered C. he entered D. he was entered 答案：A解析：“他刚一进教室就开场上课了。详细解析参考上面第3题。11. _ France Viuard an excellent political speaker but she was also among the first members of the Democratic Party. A. Not only B. If only C. Only D. Not only was答案：“France Viuard不仅是一位出色的政治演说家，同时也是民主党最早的党员之一。该句题干所给句子中，but前面的句子局部，明显缺少动词。所给选项只有D有动词。同时，Not only置于句首，句子应局部倒装，把助动词置于主语前面，遇到be动词，那么直接把be动词置于主语前面。该句的直陈句为：France Viuard was not only an excellent political speaker, but she was also among 12. _ should any money be given to a small child. A. On no account B. From all accounts C. Of no account D. By all accounts答案：A解析：“无论如何都不应该给小孩子钱。该句题干局部已经有局部倒装“should any money be given ，根据句子含义，句首应该有否认含义的词汇或短语(在句中充当状语)，因此才会出现倒装。所给4个选项只有on no account绝不、无论如何不、切莫是否认含义并且可以在句中充当状语。注意：by (from) all accounts “据说,据报道,根据各方面所说，(be) of no account“不重要。这些短语了解即可。主要的考点为on no account。13. So badly _ in the accident that Simon was delayed in the hospital for treatment. A. did he injure B. he injuredC. was he injured D. he was injured答案：C解析：“Simon在事故中受伤如此严重以致于他在医院中耽了更多的时间进展治疗。该题详解参考上面第7题。该句直陈句为：He was so badly injured in the accident that Simon was delayed in 注意：表达某人受伤，injure通常都用被动态，be injured。14. _ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent. A. So clever are the construction robots B. So clever the construction robots are C. Such construction robots are cleverD. Such clever construction robots are答案：A解析：“建筑机器人如此聪明，最终可能能够减少建筑工地90%的劳动力。该句句型为so/such that句型，所给选项都是so或such位于句首，因此判断that前面的句子中应该有局部倒装，可以排除选项B和D。选项A和C涉及so和such的用法辨析。So修饰形容词或副词，而such修饰名词。句中还有形容词clever，所以不能直接用such修饰，只能用so修饰clever。因此选A。15. _ do we suspect that this district is rich in mineral resources.A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few答案：A解析：“我们毫不疑心这一地区富有矿物资源。该题题干所给局部已经出现了局部倒装，因此句首一定有否认意义的副词出现，所给选项只有little是这一用法，可修饰动词。注意：A little可修饰动词，表示有一点。Few和a few只可修饰名词，不可修饰动词。16. We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done. A. leaving B. will leave C. left D. did leave答案：C解析：“我们做过我们不该做的事，并且也曾把该做的事放着不做。该句中出现了一个前置，即undone前置于left的宾语things前面，正是因为这个前置增加了该句理解上的困难。把该句补充完整并调整语序，详细应该为：We have done things that we ought not to have done, and we have left things that we ought to have done undone. 句中蓝色字体局部为things后面的定语从句。后半句中的undone是过去分词做宾语补足语, leave sth. undone指“让某事没有做。正常语序的句子中，由于定语从句太长，使得宾语补足语和宾语间隔太远，所以把undone提前，因而出现了题目中的句子。注意：该题之所以选left是因为and衔接的动词应该与前面(have) done形成并列，并列的两个动词形式要一致，因此首选过去分词left。17. _ no computers, there could have been no satellites or rockets. A. Had there been B. If there were C. Should there be D. If there are答案：A解析：“如果没有电脑，也就不会有卫星和火箭。电脑、卫星和火箭都是过去就创造的了，因此该句是针对过去事情的假设，是if条件句中的虚拟语气。省略if，局部倒装，助动词提前。18. Only after many years of hard work _ that money alone does not lead to happiness and success. A. did I realize B. I did realize C. had I realized D. I had realized答案：A解析：“在多年的辛苦工作后我才意识到只有金钱是不能带来幸福或成功的。该句是only引起的状语置于句首，句中应采用局部倒装，把助动词提前。19. _, but I still like him. A. Selfish though he is B. Selfish as he is C. Selfish he may be D. Whether he is selfish or not答案：C解析：“他可能有点自私，但是我还是喜欢他。该句要注意，A和B是让步状语从句，都是正确的倒装构造，指的是“尽管他自私，从表意上来说，这两个选项没有问题。但是题干中，有连词but，一个句子中一般只能有一个连词，出现了but就不能再有though或倒装中常用的as。因此不能选这两个选项。D也出现了从句whether , 有从句引导词，不能再有but，所以D也不能选。只有C没有任何连词。C选项也是一种倒装，是为了强调把句中的某个成分提前的用法，这里提前的是表语selfish，提前后把剩下的句子成分按原来的顺序排列即可。注意：为了强调，经常会把句中的表语、宾语等放到句首，句子的其他成分不需要局部倒装，只需按顺序写在后面即可。一般来说，只有状语前置，并且涉及特殊的状语构造，如否认副词、only等，才需要出现助动词置于主语前的局部倒装。20. _, I couldnt lift the box. A. As I might try B. Try as I might C. As try I might D. Though try I might答案：B解析：“尽管我努力了，但我抬不起箱子来。从所给选项来看，应该是让步状语从句，由as/though引起。该句的直陈句应该是正常语序：Though I tried, I couldnt lift the box. 倒装句那么要把谓语动词提前：Try as/though I might, I couldnt lift the box. 注意：选项C和D中，as/though在句首，不应该出现倒装。A的错误在于不应该出现might。Part II. Error Analysis1. So instructive the film was the students wanted to see it again.改错：So instructive was the film that the students wanted to see it again.2. Never before our motherland has been as strong as it is today.改错：Never before has our motherland been as strong as it is today.3. It was not until very recent times that had the theory of “probability been looked upon as hardly more than a curiosity.改错：It was not until very recent times that the theory of probability had been looked upon as hardly more than a curiosity.解析：该句为not until构造的强调句型，强调not until从句，该从句不是位于句首，而是放在it was后面，因此不存在倒装。4. Nowhere else in England I have seen that kind of tree.改错：Nowhere else in England have I seen that kind of tree.5. Neither could theory do without practice, nor practice would do without theory.改错：Neither could theory do without practice, nor would practice do without theory.解析：neither是否认副词，位于句首要倒装。Nor是否认意义的连词，引起的从句也需倒装。Part III. Translation1. did he agree with us2. had they heard the alarm3. Not until 18764. the more knowledge you will get /acquire5. the less likely I am to be able to answer them6. will you be able to positively influence them.