2021_2021学年新教材高中英语单元素养检测Unit1ScienceandScientists含解析新人教版选择性必修第二册.doc

单元素养检测(一)(Unit 1)(时间: 120分钟满分: 150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: How did you get here? M: I came here by bus. Theres something wrong with my car. 1. How did the man come here? A. By bus. B. By cab. C. By car. 答案: AText 2W: Are you going to the concert with us tonight? M: Id like to, but I promised Jenny to go shopping at that time. 2. What will the man probably do tonight? A. Go swimming. B. Go shopping. C. Go to the concert. 答案: BText 3W: I think the biggest environmental problem in my country is air pollution. M: Yes, I agree. The air is much more polluted than that in my country. Of course, my country has much less industry. W: And cars are still a major source of pollutants. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Economic development. B. Traffic jams. C. Air pollution. 答案: CText 4M: Mary, why didnt you go to the party this afternoon? It was surprising. We all had great fun there. W: I went there, but I didnt stay there for long. It wasnt fun in the beginning, so I left soon. 4. What did the man think of the party? A. Disappointing. B. Boring. C. Amazing. 答案: CText 5M: Please send Mrs Morris an e-mail for me, asking if we can meet tomorrow. W: You mean at four oclock tomorrow afternoon? M: No, I need to go and see the dentist tomorrow. I make it 2: 30 pm. And please phone Mr Johnson to check if I can see him around four this afternoon. 5. What is the man going to do tomorrow? A. See a dentist. B. Meet Mr Johnson. C. Send an e-mail. 答案: A第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: Good morning. W: Good morning. I would like a picture of myself. M: OK, you can come to get it next week. W: No, thats too late. M: How about Wednesday, then? W: Sorry, but thats my day off. Is Thursday all right? M: Sure. W: How much will six copies cost? M: Eighteen dollars. W: OK. What do you want me to do now? M: Sit on that chair, please and say, “cheese”. W: Cheese! 6. What does the woman ask the photographer to do? A. Take a photo of her mother. B. Go to her mothers birthday party. C. Take a photo of her. 答案: C7. How much does one copy cost? A. Eighteen dollars. B. Three dollars. C. Six dollars. 答案: B听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7W: So what are your plans for this summer? M: I can work for that company again. But I have a great chance to do some travelling and learn more about the world. My friend Bill is going to travel around Europe along with mehe has some relatives in France he wants to visit, and he also plans to go to Germany and Latvia. All I need to pay for are my air tickets and meals. W: What about hotels when youre not staying with Bills relatives? M: Well stay in guest houses. I have enough money saved from my part-time job. W: What about money for next term? M: Ill need to borrow a little from you. But this is a once-in-a-lifetime chance. I really think I could learn a lot, and I can improve my French, too! 8. What will the man do this summer vacation? A. Visit his relatives. B. Work for a company. C. Travel around Europe. 答案: C9. How will the man collect money for next term? A. By borrowing a bit from Bill. B. By continuing to do a part-time job. C. By borrowing a bit from the woman. 答案: C听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8W: Hi, Jason. What did you think of this afternoons study group? M: It does help to study in a group. People were able to explain to me something that I didnt understand, and I was even able to help someone in the group with an idea that I understood. W: Do you feel comfortable to study with your group? M: I like the group a lot and feel good with all the people there, but some subjects are so difficult. Math and Chinese are not my strengths. W: Youll do fine if you keep coming to the group. I also joined a history study group. You know, Im not good at it. M: A good idea to join this group. Oh, the teacher is coming up here. Lets go into the classroom. 10. What does the man think of the study group? A. It helps him a lot. B. It makes him nervous. C. It brings him some new friends. 答案: A11. What subject is the woman poor at? A. History. B. Math. C. Chinese. 答案: A12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student. 答案: B听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9W: Good evening and welcome to tonights edition of Legendary Lives. Our topic this evening is James Dean, a famous actor and hero for young people of his time. Edward is the author of a new book about James Dean. Good evening, Edward. M: Hello, Tina. W: Edward, please tell us what you know about Deans early life. M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to California when he was five. He wasnt there long because his mother passed away just four years later. James father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt. W: How did he get into acting? M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, and then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting. In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting. W: When did his movie career really start? M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. Dean became a huge success. But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel without a Cause. That was about teenagers who felt like they didnt fit into society. W: How many more movies did he make? M: Just one, then he died in a car crash in California in 1955. W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! 13. What is the woman probably doing? A. Interviewing a movie star. B. Discussing teenage problems. C. Hosting a program. 答案: C14. When did James Dean move to California? A. In 1931. B. In 1936. C. In 1951. 答案: B15. What did James Dean do at college in California? A. He first acted in plays. B. He did more stage acting. C. He got seriously into acting. 答案: C16. What do we know about James Dean? A. He lost his life in a car accident. B. He was best at acting in tragedies. C. He made numerous popular movies. 答案: A听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10M: Hi, everyone. Thank you all for gathering here in the hall. Its twenty to twelve now. Ill try to finish my task as soon as possible so that it wont delay your lunch break ten minutes later. Im wondering if you all can hear me. Good, Id like to tell you about some changes in our offices. Because our company is concerned about the environment, there are some changes as to how office waste will be handled. Starting from next Friday, containers will be placed throughout the office for recycling. Please note that all red containers are for anything that is plastic, while all green containers are meant for glass things. These containers will be emptied each Wednesday and their contents will be sent to a recycling factory. As you leave, please take one of the papers on the table at the back of the room. It summarizes all of the information Ive just given you. Remember, the program doesnt begin until next Friday. So thats all from me. Thank you for your cooperation with this effort. 17. When will the lunch break start? A. At 11: 50. B. At 12: 20. C. At 12: 30. 答案: A18. Why does the company change the ways to handle office waste? A. To show its concern about the environment. B. To present its ability of recycling. C. To make some extra money. 答案: A19. What are the green containers intended for? A. Plastic waste. B. Glass things. C. Waste paper. 答案: B20. What will happen next Friday? A. All the containers will be cleared. B. Another meeting will be held. C. The program will begin. 答案: C第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStaying fit is a great way to improve your mood and health. Start your fitness plan by creating a daily walking, jogging or cycling schedule to keep your heart and lungs active through exercise every day. Here are some tips you can follow: ExercisingStart walking, jogging or cycling. If you need to keep your knees strong or you have body aches and pains, then cycling may be a better solution. Exercise at home. Not everyone has the time or money to go to the gym and there is no need to. Working out at home is very easy and can be very beneficial. Maintaining a Balanced DietMaintaining a balanced diet can be difficult if you do not have the time to cook for yourself every day. But, it is easy to find healthy solutions in restaurants and takeaways as well. Get rid of any junk food. Foods to avoid are: ·High in sugar: doughnuts, cakes, cookies, pudding, canned and dried fruits, and sodas. ·High in fat: processed meats, fried foods, and shortening(起酥油). Drink a lot of water. The human body is mostly made up of water, and you need to make sure of its timely in take. Your body sweats a lot so you need to put water back in. Gaining Willpower and Motivation(动力)Stick to your plan. You know you can do it. You are the only one that can control your actions and strong willpower can make you happy! See if others want to join you. It can be very helpful if you have someone keeping healthy and fit with you. Their extra push of motivation can be very inspiring and it is a great way to build up a friendship. 【语篇概述】本文主要是针对科学健身、保持健康提出的几点建议。21. What can you do if you want to keep your knees strong according to the passage? A. Swim.B. Go boating. C. Cycle. D. Do push-ups. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段If you need to keep your knees strong. . . then cycling may be a better solution. 可知答案选C。22. What is recommended if you want to maintain a balanced diet? A. Eating enough dried fruits. B. Drinking enough water every day. C. Baking shortening cakes yourself. D. Getting rid of any food that contains sugar. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。第二个小标题下的最后一段讲到人们应该多喝水, 及时补充身体所消耗的水分, 所以B项正确。23. What is the best title for this passage? A. Tips on Keeping Fit ScientificallyB. Tips on Exercising at HomeC. Tips on Making Your Fitness PlanD. Tips on Eating Healthily【解析】选A。主旨大意题。B、D项均为片面的概括。C项文章没有详述。A项较全面地概括了文章的主题, 所以选A项。BAnnette Larkins is an incredible woman who looks like a healthy 40-year-old, although she just turned 70. She follows a special raw diet and only drinks rainwater. She looks so young that people mistake her to be the daughter, when shes out with her husband of 54 years, but I suppose he isnt complaining. Mrs Larkins says the secret to her beauty lies in her special diet, consisting of organic vegetables, fruits, seeds and nuts grown in her own garden; she calls it the “fountain of youth”. The woman doesnt touch anything that has been cooked. And another strange thing she does is to collect rainwater, not only to keep her garden blossoming, but also to drink. But the residents of Miami-Dade County, Florida, didnt always have such a healthy lifestyle. In fact, she consumed meat regularly, as her husband used to own a meat factory way back in the 1960s. It was then that she decided to change her eating habits forever. And what a great decision that was. I mean, just look at her! When she started off, Mrs Larkins was just looking for a few health benefits and never anticipated that she would look like a 40-year-old at the age of 70. Over the 27 years that she has been eating raw food, Mrs Larkins has written two booklets called Journey to Health and also produced a DVD containing all her healthy secrets. Her husband, Mr Larkins, wishes he had followed her example, because now he looks much, much older and also suffers from diabetes(糖尿病)and high blood pressure. He takes prescription medicine every day, but Annette doesnt even take an aspirin. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mrs Larkins是如何保持健康、年轻的。24. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. The organic food. B. Her beauty. C. Specially cooked food. D. Her raw diet. 【解析】选D。代词指代题。根据第一段中的“She follows a special raw diet”及it前半部分“Mrs Larkins says the secret to her beauty lies in her special diet 可知it是指上文提到的那种吃生食物的饮食。故选D项。25. What kind of person does the author think Mrs Larkins is? A. Strong-willed. B. Honest. C. Modest. D. Open minded. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句 “Over the 27 years that she has been eating raw food”可知Mrs Larkins坚持了27年, 是一位意志坚定的人。所以选A。26. What did the woman do with her healthy secrets? A. She sold them to the local people. B. She abandoned them at the age of 70. C. She publicized them in various ways. D. She improved them with her husbands help. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 “Mrs Larkins has written two booklets called Journey to Health and also produced a DVD containing all her healthy secrets”可知Mrs Larkins利用各种方式推广她的健康秘诀。故选C项。27. What is the authors attitude towards Mrs Larkinss lifestyle? A. DisapprovingB. Supportive. C. Sympathetic. D. Doubtful. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据第四段最后两句“And what a great decision that was. I mean, just look at her! ”及最后一段对Larkins夫妇的情况的描述可知作者对她的这种生活方式是支持的。CDeath is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活的). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final. Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the bodys metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death. To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkeys blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial bre