新视野英语2复习题.docx

新视野英语2复习题新视野英语2复习题passagePassage 1 Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you are "hot". That's tree. The time of day when you feel most energetic (精力充沛的) is when your cycle of body temperature is at this peak (高峰). For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar words as: "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is he is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually (习惯性的) staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start, which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn (呵欠) and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours. 1. Dr. Kleitman thinks that_. A. getting up late in the morning means laziness B. if your energy peak is in the evening, you might like getting up early C. people can do nothing about energy cycle D. spending some time yawning and stretching helps to keep you energetic2. According to the passage, family quarrels may result from_. A. the same energy cycle of family members B. unawareness of different energy cycles C. failing to get up early in the morning D. knowledge of energy cycles3. If you are used to getting up late in the morning, you are likely to be most energetic_. A. in the morning B. at noon C. in the afternoon D. in the evening4. What's the likely relationship between energy cycle and body temperature? A. Energy cycle and body temperature are the same things. B. The higher your temperature is, the less energetic you are. C. The higher your temperature is, the more energetic you are. D. There is no direct relation between them.5. Which of the following statements is not true? A. One can change his energy cycle once he makes up his mind. B. We still don't know why people have different energy cycles. C. Habit will help to make our life fit energy cycles better. D. If you rise earlier than usual, you will be more efficient at your low point in the morning.Passage 2 The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth's resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air but also of the earth' s atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the form of the energy crisis. Our present situation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resource exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endangers the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems. This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of lost morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the highest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their own ideals that any people have been able to devote themselves whole-heartedly. This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and that we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive, This is a priceless opportunity. To grasp it we need a widespread understanding of nature if the crisis confronting us and the world is a crisis that is no passing inconvenience, no by-product of the ambitions of the oil-producing countries, no environmentalists mere fears, no by-producing countries, no by-product of any present system of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance depends on a: sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the world's children and future generation.1. Which condition does the author feel has nearly destroyed our cities? A) Lack of financial planning. B)The breakup of the family. C) Natural disasters in ninny regions. D) The excessive growth of motors.2. According to the author, what is one example of our loss of morality? A)Disregard for law. B)Lack of devotion. C) Lack of cooperation. D)Exploitation of resources.3. By comparing past problems with present ones, the author draws attention to the A) significance of this crisis B) inadequacy of government C) similarity of the past to the present D) hopelessness of. the situation4. What contribution does the author feel people must now make.* A) Search for new energy sources. B) Outlaw motor transportation C)Accept a new lifestyle D)Adopt a new form of government.5 .The word “revival ( Sentence 2, Para. 3) most probably means “_”. A) survivalB) destruction C ) removal D )comebackPassage 3 The forest from which man takes his timber is the tallest and most impressive plant community on Earth. In terms of man' s brief life it appears permanent and unchanging, but to the forester it represents the climax of a long succession of events. No wooded landscape we see today has been forest for all time. Plants have minimum requirements of temperature and moisture and, in ages past, virtually every part of Earth's surface has at some time been either too dry or too cold for plants to survive. However, as soon as climatic conditions in favor of plant life, a fascinating sequence of changes occurs, called a primary succession. First to colonize the barren land are the lowly lichens, surviving on bare rock. Slowly, the acids produced by these organisms crack the rock surface, plant debris accumulates, and mosses establish a shallow root-hold. Ferns may follow and, with short grasses and shrubs, gradually form a covering of plant life. Roots probe even deeper into the developing soil and eventually large shrubs give way to the first trees. These grow rapidly, cutting off sunlight from the smaller plants, and soon establish complete domination-closing their ranks and forming a climax community which may endure for thousands of years. Yet even this community is not everlasting. Fire may destroy its outright and settlers may cut it d own to gain land for pasture or cultivation. Of course the land is then abandoned, a secondary succession will take over, developing much faster on the more hospitable soil. Shrubs and trees are among the early invaders, their seeds carried by the wind, by birds and lodged in the coats of mammals. For as long as it stands and thrives, the forest is a vast machine storing energy and many elements essential for life. 1. Why does the forest strike mankind as permanent? A)The trees are so tall. B).It is renewed each season. C) Our lives are short in comparison. D) It is an essential part of our lives.2. What has sometimes caused plants to die out in the past? A) Interference from foresters. B) Variations in climate. C) The absence of wooded land. D) The introduction of new types of plants.3. In a "primary succession" (Line 5, Para. 2), what makes it possible for mosses to take root? A) The type of rock. B) The amount of sunlight. C) The amount of enclosure. D) The effect of lichens.4. What condition is needed for shrubs to become established in the "secondary succession''? A)Ferns must take root. B) Their seeds were carried to the abandoned land. C) More soil must accumulate. D) The ground must be covered with grass. 5. Why is a "secondary succession" ( Para. 4) quicker? A) The ground is more suitable. B) There is more space for new plants.C) Birds and animals bring new seeds. D) It is supported by the forest.Passage 4The chief purpose of work is not to produce things but to build the man, It is not so important what shape or form our work may take; what is vitally important is our attitude toward that work. Even if the particular duty is one which doesn't seem worth doing, if you must do it, it is important to do it right. Even if no one else will ever know whether you did it right or not, you will know. By making a commitment (承诺) to quality work, you make a commitment to yourself to develop your abilities and self-respect, to do the best you can do and be the best you can be. When you do as little as possible or just enough to get by, you are not merely cheating your employer, your customers, your clients, and your co-workers, but most importantly, you cheat yourself. You cheat yourself out of an opportunity to develop pride and self-worth. You cheat yourself out of an opportunity to meet a challenge and develop your own inner powers and abilities. You may be able to get away with cheating others, but you never get away with cheating yourself.Thus, the key is a commitment to yourself to use every possible opportunity for self-development and treat every work assignment, no matter how small or boring, as a challengethat can be used in your development.Work is a projection (投影) of self. Consciousness (感觉、意识)can regard any job as a potential opportunity for self-expression, for play, for creativity, for the furtherance(推动)of social objectives, and it can arrange the factors in the job so that they form a means of self-expression.Most jobs contain at least some limited options for creativity. To the extent that any job can be done in different ways, the job presents you with an opportunity to project your unique abilities and values into that job. Any type of communication, written or spoken, presents a significant opportunity for creative expression. Even if your efforts are reviewed and must be toned down to fit into the mold (模型) of your organization, there is always a slight opening through which you can project your unique personality. Use these opportunities to express and confirm your existence.1. The most important thing about work is _.A. to produce thingsB. the shape one's work takesC. the amount of money it makesD. one's attitude towards the work2. If the work doesn't seem worth doing, you should _.A. give it upB. tell others to do itC. stop in the middle D. perform it carefully3. What can work assignments offer people? A. An opportunity to develop oneself. B. A chance to get away with cheating themselves C. Few options for creativity. D. A way to get rid of your unique personality.4. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Sometimes you have to adjust yourself to your work.B. There is space for you to show your creativity.C. Work must be done in one way in order to be the most efficientD. You may never cheat yourself.5. The main idea of the passage isA. how to improve your creativityB. the importance of projecting your values into your jobC. when to express yourselfD. how to change one's personalityPassage 5Human migrations (移居国外) within recorded history have transformed the entire character of lands and continents and the composition of their racial, ethnic and language groups. The map of Europe, for example, is the product of several major early migrations involving the Germanic peoples, the Slavs, and the Turks. The overseas migration of Europeans during this period totaled about 60 million people.The largest migration in history has been called the Great Atlantic Migration from Europe to North America, the first major wave of which began in the 1840s with mass movements from Ireland and Germany. In the 1880s a second and larger wave developed from eastern and southern Europe; between 1880 and 1910 some 17 million Europeans entered the United States. The total number of Europeans reaching the United States amounted to 37 million between 1820 and 1980. From 1801 to 1914 about 7.5 million people moved from European to Asiatic Russia (i.e., Siberia), and between World Wars I and II about 6 million more chose to move there, not counting the vast number of deportees who were forced to go to Siberia's labor camps. Since World War II the largest migrations have involved groups from developing countries moving to the industrialized nations. Some 13 million people moved across borders to become permanent residents of Western Europe from the 1960s through the 1980s, and more than 10 million permanent immigrants were admitted legally to the United States in that same period, with illegal immigration adding several millions more.Slave migrations and mass expulsions also have been part of human history for thousands of years. The largest slave migrations were probably those compelled by European slave traders operating in Africa from the 16th to the 19th century; perhaps 20 million slaves were taken to the Americas, though a large number died