2022年下学期宜昌市统考八年级数学试题及答案评分细则2 .pdf

2011 年秋季宜昌市（城区）期末调研考试八年级数学试题（全卷三大题 24 小题，满分 120 分，时限：120分钟）注意：本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分，请将答案写在答题卡上每题对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷上无效；考试结束时，请将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。一、选择题（每小题3 分，共 45 分）1.下列说法正确的是（）A3.3 是无理数B是有理数 C722是无理数D 4是有理数2.下列四个图形中，中心对称图形的个数是（）A4 个B3 个C2 个D 1 个3.边长为 1 的正方形 OABC 在数轴上的位置如图所示，点B表示的数是（）A1 B2C 3D54.ABCD 中，A=125，D=（）A35B30C55D255.如图，COD 是由 AOB 绕点 O按逆时针方向旋转得到的，旋转角为（）A30 B45C90D1356.如图，正方形 ABCD 中，AC，BD交于点 O，下列结论中，正确的个数是（）BAC=45；AC BD；2AB=AC；AO=BO=CO=DO A1 个B2 个 C 3 个D4 个7.三角形的三边长分别为8，15，17，这个三角形的面积是（）A60 B120 C68 D136 8.下列选项正确的是（）A2201B3202C 4203D52049.下列函数中，y 随 x 增大而减小的是（）Ay=x-1 By=-2x+3 Cy=2x-1 Dy=21x+1 10.在直角坐标系中，点P（1，-3）和点 Q（a，b）关于 x 轴对称，b 的值为（）A-3 B1 C 3 D-1 11.一次函数 y=mx+n的图象如图所示，下列结论正确的是（）Am0，n0，n0 Cm0，n0 Dm0 021OCAB(第 3 题)ABODC(第 5 题)OBCAD(第 6 题)xyy=mx+n42O(第 11 题)12.甲、乙两人共植树 20 棵，已知甲植树棵数是乙的1.5 倍。设甲植树 x 棵，乙植树 y 棵，下列方程组正确的是（）Ayxyx5.220Byxyx5.120C yxyx5.120D5.120yxyx13.某山山脚的气温是 10，此山高度每上升 1 千米，气温下降 6，设比山脚高出 x 千米处的气温为 y，y 和 x 的函数关系式为（）Ay=10-6x B y=10+6x C y=6-10 x D y=6x-10 14.如图，等腰梯形 ABCD 中，AD BC，AD=2，BC=6，B=60，AB的长是（）A4 B6 C8 D10 15.如图，1，2，3，4 是五边形 ABCDE 的外角，且1=2=3=4=75，AED的度数是（）A120B115C105D 100二、解答题（本大题共6 小题，计 42分）16.（6 分）计算：3)271231(17.(6 分)解方程组：1929327yxyx18.（7 分）如图，矩形 ABCD 的对角线交于点 O，E是边 AD的中点。（1）OE与 AD垂直吗？说明理由；（2）若 AC=10，OE=3，求 AD的长度。19.（7 分）如图，已知点A，B，C的坐标分别是（-3，3），（-2，0）和（-6，3），将ABC先向右平移5 个单位，再向上平移两个单位得到ABC（1）在图中画出 ABC；（2）填写下表AB的长度BC的长度点 C的坐标ABC的面积CDAB(第 14 题)4321EABCD(第 15 题)(第 18 题)OEDABCxyCABO(第 19 题)文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R320.（8 分）陈褚向同学乘车从学校出发回家，他离家的路程y(km)与所用时间 x（时）之间的关系如图所示。（1）求 y 与 x 之间的关系式；（2）求学校和陈褚向同学家的距离。21.（8 分）市政府 2010 年在“绿照工程”中，大力推广节能灯的使用，市民可到所属街办或社区购买节能灯，下表是某社区110户购买节能灯的数量。购买情况购买0 只购买3 只购买4 只购买5 只购买6 只购买8 只购买10 只户数20 2 15 26 24 10 13（1）这 110个数据（即每户购买数量）中，中位数是_，众数是 _（2）求这 110户家庭中，平均每户购买节能灯的数量；（3）将白炽灯换成节能灯后，平均每只节能灯每天可节电0.15 度，如果这 110 户家庭都将所购买的节能灯替换白炽灯，求这110户家庭每年（按365天计）共节电多少度。三、解答题（本大题共3 小题，计 33分）22(10 分)煤燃烧时产生的热量可以用于发电，光明电厂1 月份用含热量为7.5 大卡/千克的 A种煤发电，2 月份改用 B种煤发电，A种煤每千克的含热量比B种煤多 25%，3 月份又改用比较环保的含热量为5 大卡/千克的混合煤发电，这里所说的混合煤是在B种煤中加入含热量为1 大卡/千克的 C种煤形成的，这样 3 月份每发 1 度电所需 B种煤比 2 月少 0.2 千克。1 月，2 月和 3 月每发 1 度电所需要的总热量相同。(1)求 B种煤每千克的含热量；(2)求该电厂 3 月份每发 1 度电所需的 B种煤和 C种煤的数量。x/hy/km340O5(第 20 题)文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 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ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R323(11 分)如图，菱形 ABCD 中，对角线 AC、BD交于点 O，过点 A作 AH BC，交 BD于 E，垂足为 H，已知 CH=4，AH=8(1)求菱形的周长；(2)求 OE的长度。24(12 分)某农户有一水池，容量为10 立方米，中午 12 时打开进水管向水池注水，注满水后关闭水管同时打开出水管灌溉农作物，当水池中的水量减少到1 立方米时，再次打开进水管向水池注水(此时出水管继续放水)，直到再次注满水池后停止注水，并继续放水灌溉，直到水池中无水，水池中的水量 y(单位：立方米)随时间 x(从中午 12 时开始计时，单位：分钟)变化的图象如图所示，其中线段CD所在直线的表达式为 y=-0.25x+33，线段 OA所在直线的表达式为y=0.5x，假设进水管和出水管每分钟的进水量和出水量都是固定的。(1)求进水管每分钟的进水量；(2)求出水管每分钟的出水量；(3)求线段 AB所在直线的表达式。xyOBACD(第 24 题)HEDCBAO文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 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ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R32011年秋季宜昌市城区初中期末调研考试八年级数学试题参考答案及评分说明命题：陈翔褚艳娟向仕波审题：陈作民题号1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案D B B C C D A D B C D C A A A 163271231）（327312331（2 分）81361（5 分）2（6 分）17两方程相加得：16x16，x 1，（3 分）把 x 1 代入方程（1）得 y5，（5 分）原方程组的解是：.5,1yx（6 分）18（1）OEAD，（1 分）理由：在矩形ABCD 中，ACBD，AOOC，DO BO，AODO，（2 分）又点 E 是 AD 的中点，OEAD（4 分）（2）由（1）知 OEAD，AO 5，（5 分）在 RtABC 中，163522222OEAOAE，AE4.（6 分）E 是 AD 的中点，AD2AE8（7 分）19（1）未标明字母或不完整扣1 分，.（3 分）（2）每个 1 分（答案见右表）（7 分）20（1）设 y 与 x 的关系式为ykxb，（1 分）正确将点(3，40)，(5，0)代入表达式ykxb，（3 分）解得 k20，b100，y 与 x 的关系式为y20 x1005 分）（2）当 x=0 时，y=100，所以学校与陈褚向同学的距离为100 千米 （8 分）21（1）中位数和众数都是5 只（2 分）（2）求出家庭平均每户购买节能灯为5 只即可评4 分，（6 分）（3）这 110 户家庭一年共节约电5 110 0.15 36530112.5 度 （8 分）答：略22.（1）求出 B 种煤含热量为6 大卡/千克可评2 分（2 分）（2）设三月份每发1 度电需混合煤x 千克 B 种煤，y 千克 C 种煤，（3分）则根据题意得：，)2.0(66).(56xyxyxyx（每个方程2 分，7 分）解得 x4.8，y1.2（9 分）答：略（10 分）23.（1）设 ABx，则 BCx，BHBCCHx4，在 RtABH 中，222ABBHAH，222)48xx（，解得 x10，菱形周长为40（3 分）（2）由菱形ABCD 可得 ADE CDE，ADCD，又 DE DE，OABCDE文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 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ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 HZ1R3V7J9S6 ZI8A9Z3T4R3 ADE CDE，AECE，（4 分）设 AEy，则 CEy，EHAHAE8y，在 RtEHC 中，222CECHEH，2224)8(yy，解得 y 5，AE5，EH3（7 分）BHBCCH1046，在 RtBEH 中，453622222EHBHBE，BE53，（8 分）在 RtAED 中，12510522222ADAEDE，DE55，（9 分）BDBE+DE53+5558根据菱形的性质得：54582121BDOB，（10 分）55354BEOBOE（11 分）24.（1）求出进水管每分钟的出水量为0.5 立方米可评1 分 （1 分）（2）求出出水管每分钟的出水量为0.25 立方米可评2 分 （3 分）（3）对于 C 来说，纵坐标为10，代入 y 0.25x33 中得到 x92，（4 分）点 A 的纵坐标为10，代入 y0.5x 中得到 x20，故 A(20，10)，（5 分）设从 B 到 C 经过了 a 分钟，则(0.50.25)a1019，解得 a36，B 的横坐标为923656，故 B(56，1)（8 分）设 AB 解析式为ykx+b(k0)，将 A，B 坐标代入得1020156bkbk，（9 分）解得15,41bk，即直线 AB 解析式为1541xy（12 分）HEDCBAODyxCBAO文档编码:CE9J4R4H10S4 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