2022年人教版八年级上册英语知识点4.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 人教版八年级上册英语学问点Unit1 Where did you go on vacation. 单词anyone 'eniw.n pron.任何人anywhere 'eniwe.r adv.任何地方 n.任何一个地方 wonderful 'w.nd.fl adj.出色的；极好的 few fju. adj.很少的； n.少量 most m.st adj.最多的；大多数的；something 's.m . pron.某事物；nothing=not anythin g 'n. pron.没有什么 n.没有myself ma.'self pron.我自己 everyone 'evriw.n pron.每人；人人 yourself j. 'self pron.你自己；你亲自 hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽 bored b. d adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的 pig n.猪 diary 'da.ri n.日记；日记簿 keep a diary seem si. m vi.似乎；似乎 someone 's.mw.n pron.某人；有人quite a few相当多；不少 后接可数名词 of course .vk. s 当然 activity .k't .v.ti n.活动；活跃 decide d.'sa.d v.打算；选定 decide to do sth. try tra . v.尝试；设法；努力 bird b. d n.鸟；禽try to do sth. /try doing sth. paragliding 'p.r .la.d. n.空中滑翔跳伞 bicycle 'ba.s.kl n.自行车 building 'b.ld. n.建筑物 trader 'tre.d.r n. 商人；商船 wonder 'w.nd.r v.诧异；想知道；怀疑 difference 'd.fr.ns n.差异；不同 top t.p n.顶部；顶 wait we.t v.等；等待 wait for umbrella .m'brel. n.伞；雨伞名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 37 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - wet wet adj.湿的；雨天的 below b.'l. prep.低于；在 .下面 adv.在下面 as .z conj.犹如；像 .一样 enough .'n.f adj.足够的 adv.足够地；充分地 duck d.k n.鸭肉；鸭 hungry反 full 'h. ri adj.饥饿的；期望的 feel likedoing sth.想要dislike d.s'la.k v.不宠爱；厌恶 重点短语1. go on vacation去度假 2.stay at home 待在家里n.不宠爱；厌恶；反感3.go to the mountains 去爬山4. go to the beach 去海滩5. visit museums 参观博物馆6. go to summer camp 去参与夏令营7.quite a few 相当多8.study for 为 而学习9.go out 出去10.most of the time 大部分时间11. taste good 尝起来很好吃12.have a good time 玩得兴奋13. of course 当然14.feel like 给 的感觉；感受到15.go shopping 去购物16.in the past 在过去17. walk around 四处走走18. because of 由于19. one bowl of一碗 20. the next day 其次天21. drink tea 喝茶22. find out 找出；查明23. go on 连续24.take photos 照相重要的事第 2 页,共 37 页25. something important 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 26. up and down 上上下下 27. come up 出来 28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 29. taste + adj. 尝起来 30. look+adj. 看起来 31.nothing but+动词原形除了 之外什么都没有32.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来 33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地34.decide to do sth. 打算去做某事35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / 36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事37. forget doing sth. 遗忘做过某事 / 38. forget to do sth. 遗忘做某事39. enjoy doing sth. 宠爱做某事40. want to do sth. 想去做某事41. start doing sth. 开头做某事42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事43. dislike doing sth.不宠爱做某事44. keep doing sth. 连续做某事45. Why not do. sth. 为什么不做 呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句 如此 以至于 47. tell sb. not to do sth. 告知某人（不要）做某事48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fundoing sth. 玩得爽快三、重点句子：1. Where did you go on vacation. 你去哪儿度假的？2. Long time no see. 好久不见；3. Did you go anywhere interesting. 你去好玩的地方了吗？4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松；5. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒；6. I bought something for my father. 我给我爸爸买了些东西；7. How did you like it？你觉得它怎么样？8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今日早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 37 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特殊的东西；10. but many of the old buildings are still there. 但是很多旧的建筑物仍在那里；11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. 今日我和爸爸打算去槟城山；12. And because of the bad weather , we couldn t see anything below. 并且由于糟糕的天气,我们看不见下面的任何东西；语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法 构成：由 some, any, no, every分别加上 -body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不 定代词；加上 -where 构成副词；用法：（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语,宾语或表语等；Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数；Everybody likes reading. （3）some-不定代词,通常用于确定句中；There is nothing wrong with the TV. any-不定代词就多用于否定句、疑问句中；但 some-可用于表恳求、邀请、预料对方会作确定回答时的疑问句中；Someone is calling me. There isnt anyone else there. Is anybody over there. Could you give me something to eat. （4）形容词修饰不定代词时,通常要放在不定代词之后；There is something delicious on the table. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词；Flowers come out everywhere. 注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数 . 巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1. I cant hear anything = I can hear _. 2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _ go to play basketball with you . 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 37 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it. 5. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I can单项t find it _. 1. No one _ how to do it. A.know B. knows C. knowing D. knew 2. Everything_OK, isnt it. A. was B. are C. and D. is 3. Theres_in the newspaper. Y ou should read it. A. important something B. something boring C. boring something D. something important. 1. arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 翻译_ arrive 为不及物动词,意为 _, arrive in 到达+大地方（国家 省 市）arrive at 到达+小地方（机场 商店等 get to 到达+地方reach 到达 +地方The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night. A.arrived at B. got to C.reach D.arrived 2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 翻译 _ 3. decide为及物动词,意为打算,决心；打算做某事：_. 4. My sister and I tried paragliding. （翻译） _ try to do sth.意为_; try doing sth.意为_ We shouldnt try _study English, we should try _study English. 5.I felt like I was a bird.翻译_ _. feel like意为_后常接 _.另外 feel like仍意为 _ Do you feel like a cup of tea. 6.I wonder what life was like here in the past.（翻译） _ wonder 为及物动词,意为“ 想知道”,后常接疑问词（ who, what, why引导的从句；I wonder _ you are doing.我想知道你正在做什么； 6.What a difference a day makes. 感叹句,结构为 What + 名词+主语+谓语！补充： _ 7. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 37 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - _ 为等候 ,后接人或物；_为太多,后接可数名词复数 ; _+不行数名词（ money）; _为太 后接形容词或副词（big）8 .My father didnt bring enough money. Enough后可接 _,其形式分别为 _；_；1 want to do sth. 想要做某事 2 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 3 would like to do sth. 想要做某事 4 2 decide to do sth. 打算做某事 5 decide on 打算某事 课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空；1. I didnt find _ someone there. 2. Is there _ something important in todays newspaper. 3. Look. There is _ anybody at home. The light is on. 4. Amy _ meet a famous actor yesterday. 5. There _ be forty-five students in our class last term. 6. Miss Green _ come to China in 2022. 7. Little Tom _ be here a moment ago. 8. She _ buy a new bag yesterday. 二、单项挑选 1. -_ you _ to the movies？ - Yes, I did. A. Did went B. Did go C. Are went 2. - How was your weekend. - Great. We _ a picnic in the park. A. have B. has C. had 3. Mrs Green with her little daughter _ at home _ that rainy night. A. was on B. were on C. was at 4. - Who told you to clean the windows. -Miss Wang _ A. told B. did C. has told 5. - Do you always _ to the zoo. - Yes, I _ yesterday. A. go go B. go went C. went go 6. - _ there any koalas in the zoo last year. - No, there _. A. Are arent B. Were wasnt C. Were werent 第 6 页,共 37 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 7.- Did you go with _. - Yes, I did. A. someone B. anyone C. somebody 8. - Did you buy _ special. - No, I didn t. A. something B. some things C. anything 三、句型转换1Lucy played computer games yesterday. 改为一般疑问句 _ Lucy _ computer games yesterday. 2We went to the Palace Museum. 对划线部分提问 _ _ you _. 3There was someone here just now. （ 改为否定句） _ . 4She played volleyball just now. （ 改为否定句） She _ _ 5volleyball just now. They ate a lot of ice cream. 对划线部分提问 _ _ they _. 6My vacation was pretty good. 对划线部分提问 _ _ your vacation.Monday, July 15th I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting. For lunch, we had something very specialMalaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious. In the afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I wonder what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking around the town. Tuesday, July 16th What a different a day makes. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over and hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didnt have an umbrella so we were w名师归纳总结 第 7 页,共 37 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - and cold. It was terrible. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt seeMy father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. Thfood tasted great because I was so hungry. 不规章动词过去式：am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said give-gave get-got, go-went come-came have-had, eat-ate take-took run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made read-read, write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept buy-bought, swim-swam, sit-sat, bring-brought, can-could, cut-cut become-became, begin-began, draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew, learn-learnt（learned）leave-left, let-let, lose-lost, meet-met, read-read, sleep-slept, speak-spoke, take-took teach-taught , tell-told, wake-woke Unit2 How often do you exercise.单词housework 'ha.sw. k n.家务劳动hardly 'h. dli adv.几乎不；简直不；刚刚ever 'ev.r adv.曾经；在任何时候once w.ns adv.一次；曾经twice twa.s adv.两倍；两次Internet ' n.因特网program 'pr.r.m n. 节目；程序；课程；节目单full f.l adj.满的；布满的；完全的swing sw. n.摇摆；秋千 v.摇摆；旋转maybe 'me.bi adv.或许；或许；可能swing dance摇摆舞least li. st adj.最小的；最少的at least至少hardly ever 很少；几乎从不；难得junk n.垃圾；废旧杂物名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 37 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - coffee 'k.fi n.咖啡；咖啡色 health hel n. 健康；人的身体或精神状态result r.'z.lt .结果；后果 percent p.'sent adj.百分之 .的 online .n'la.n adj.在线的 adv.在线地 television 'tel.v.n n.电视机；电视节目 although . l'e. conj.虽然；尽管；然而；可是 through ru . prep.穿过；凭借；始终到 body 'b.di n.身体 mind ma.nd .头脑；想法；看法；心思 such s.t. adj.这样的；如此的 together t.'ee.r adv.共同；一起 die da. v.死；枯竭；消逝 writer 'ra .t.r n.作者；作家 dentist 'dent.st n.牙科医生 magazine 'm.zi. n n.杂志 however ha.'ev.r adv.然而；无论如何；不管多么 than e.n conj.比 almost '.lm.st adv.几乎；差不多 none n.n pron.没有人；没有任何东西,毫无 less les adj.更少的；较少的 point p.nt n.看法；要点；重点；小数点；目标；分数 重点短语such as例如；诸如 junk food n.垃圾食品；无养分食品 more than 超过；多于；不仅仅；特别 less than不到；少于help with housework 帮忙做家务 how often 多久一次 once a week 每周一次on weekends 在周末 hardly ever 几乎从不 twice a month 每月两次every day 每天be free 有空第 9 页,共 37 页go to the movies 去看电影use the Internet 用互联网swing dance 摇摆舞play tennis 打网球名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚at least 至少have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动 go camping 去野营be good for 对 有好处 not at all 一点儿也不 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间the most popular 最受欢迎的such as 比如；诸如old habits die hard 积习难改go to the dentist 去看牙医 morn than 多于；超过less than 少于 help sb. with sth. 帮忙某人做某事How about . .怎么样？want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数 +一般疑问句？ 有多少 . spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时间It s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的 的；ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事by doing sth. 通过做某事Whats your favorite . 你最宠爱的 是什么？the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式三重点语法一 重点句型1.-What do you usually do on weekends. 1 on weekends/on the weekend在周末 2 go to the movies 去看电影-I often go to the movies. 3 第一个 do 助动词 其次个 do 实意动词2. hardly ever 几乎从不hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever起强调作用；hardly 为副词,意为“ 几乎不没有） ” ,相当于 almost not,本身具有否定含义,不能再使用其他否定词；E.g. She hardly eats anything. 辨析: hardly 和 hard hard 作形容词,意为“ 困难的,艰苦的,硬的”；hard 作副词,意为“ 努力地,猛烈地”；hardly 意为“ 几乎不”1 The ground is too to dig go outside. 第 10 页,共 37 页2 I can understand them. 3 It's raining ,the people can 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. -How often do you watch TV. -Twice a week. 1 how often 意为“ 多久一次,多长时间一次”2 twice a week 一周两次 拓展: 一次 once 两次 twice ,用来提问频率；三次或三次以上 基数词 + times three times four times 4. What's your favorite program. = What program do you like best. 你最宠爱的节目是什么？5. How come.怎么回事？怎么会？表示某件事情很古怪,有点想不通；可单独使用,也可引导一个问句； 相当于疑问词 why；但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序；How come you didn't tell me about it. = Why you didn't tell me about it. 6. I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我或许一个月去看一次电影；maybe 副词,意为“ 或许,大致,可能”,常位于句首；E.g. Maybe he knows the way to the park. 辨析：maybe 与 may be maybe 副词,作状语,意为“ 或许,大致,可能”,常位于句首；may be 属于“ 情态动词 +be 动词” 结构,意为“ 可能是”；1 The baby is crying she is hungry. 2 The woman a teacher . 7. Last month we asked our students about their free time activities. ask ab. about sth. 询问某人某事 8. We all know that many students often go online, but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day. The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week. 我们都知道很多同学常常上网,但是让我们感到诧异的是 90%的学 生每天都上网,而另外 10%的同学一周至少上网达三至四次；1 other: adj. 其他的 +名词 the other: adj. 其他的 +名词 在特定的范畴内 one, the other, 一个 , 另一个 E.g. One of them is blue,the other ones are purple. 它们的其中一个是蓝色的,其他的是紫色的；others: 其他的东西 the others: 其他的东西 在特定的范畴内 E.g. One of the children likes reading,the others like singing. 后句可替换为 the