2022年高中英语Unit知识点教案.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全新课标高中英语必修四学问点教案Unit 2 Working the land 1.If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing. 假如没有的话,你情愿试种哪种植物？2. More than 800 million people go to bed hungry every day. 每天八亿多人饿着睡觉；hungry adj. 做主语补足语 go hungry 受饿He had to have a job or go hungry.他必需找到工作,否就就得受饿；名词 hunger 饥饿、饥荒 ” ,通常是不行数名词；His grandfather died of hunger before liberation. 他爷爷解放前饿死了；hunger 作名词也可以与 for/after 搭配,常见的结构是 have a hunger for,其中的 hunger 就是可数名词；3. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat. 会发生什么事呢？1）该句中用了虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的假设；从句用过去时,主句中用 形；假如明天突然没有米可吃了,你认为would/could/might/should+ 动词原2）本句型是一种复杂的特别疑问句,其结构是：特别疑问词+不带宾语的一般疑问句+陈述结构；从语法角度看,do you think 是插入语,不是句子的主干,句子的主干应是What would happen. 由于插入语把原先的特别疑问句一分为二,故不管疑问词在句中作什么成分特别疑问句都要用陈述语序；在以上谈到的复杂的特别疑问句的句型中,常见的动词除think 外,仍有 believe ,consider,suppose,imagine ,guess,say 和 suggest等；仍有能接宾语从句的形容词,如afraid , sure,glad, certain ,surprised, pleased等；What time does the letter say he will start. 信中说他什么时间动身？留意：这种句型不能用Yes或 No 来回答,要把句型中的插入语变成“ 陈述句 +宾语从句 ” 的形式来回答,插入语也可后置,其前用逗号；What do you think the ocean bottom is made up of. 你认为海底是由什么组成的？I think it is made up of irregular plains.（或： It is made up of irregular plains , I think. ）我认为海底是由高低不平的平原组成的；4. Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers h imself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.尽管是中国最闻名的科学家之一,袁隆平仍旧认为自己是个农夫,由于他在田间耕作, 进行科学讨论；I consider it a great honor. 我认为这是极大的荣幸；此句中 work 为及物动词,意为“耕种（土地） ” ；”等意；作不及物动词,意为“ 工作；They are working the land together.他们一起在田间耕作；work 作及物动词,仍有“ 使工作；开动；制造（奇迹）；经营（工厂、农场等）（机器等）开动； （方法、方案等）行得通”等；He works his employees long hours.他使他的员工长时间地工作；Do you know how to work this machine.你知道怎样开动这台机器吗？This shows that man can work wonders. 这说明人类可以制造奇迹；I don t think that your suggestion will work. 我认为你的建议行不通；5. , for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 过去五十年来,他始终在努力帮忙他们；我们应当学会和困难作斗争；struggle with 与 斗争；和 一起战役 为争取 而斗争struggle.against 与 斗争；为反对 而斗争struggle 后面除了可以接介词外,仍可以接副词与不定式；She 她提着繁重的包费劲地爬上楼梯；一只鸟被网罩住了,挣扎着想要逃脱；struggle 仍可以作名词,意思是“斗争；搏斗；努力；挣扎；难事” 等；With a struggle , he controlled his feelings. 他费劲地掌握住了自己的感情；6. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特别的稻种使得同样的田地多收成三分之一的产量成为可能；这个句子的基本结构是由“ make it.to do 使做（某事）成为 ” 构成的；有 些 动 词 后 常 跟 这 种 结 构 , 即 ：第 1 页,共 6 页it是 形 式 宾 语 , possible 是 宾 语 补 足 语 , to do 是 真 正 的 宾 语 ；find/feel/think/consider/make+it+adj. /n. +不定式短语；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全We found it pleasant to work in this school. 我们发觉在这所学校里工作很开心；7. be born into 由于 诞生于 Born into a poor farmers family in 1931 袁博士 1931 年诞生于一个贫苦农夫家庭 由于诞生在贫苦农夫家庭,他没能上高校；Born into a poor peasant family, he couldn8. graduate from 毕业于Dr. Yuan graduated from Southwest Agriculture College. 袁博士毕业于西南农业高校；注：表示毕业于某专业,用in； He graduated in law from Oxford. 他毕业于牛津高校法律系；9. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 年轻时,他就看到了稻田增产的庞大需求；children's need for milk 儿童需要牛奶 The hungry children were in need of food. 这些饥饿的孩子需要食物；if need be 假如需要 If need be, I can come early tomorrow. 假如需要的话,明天我可早来；10. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. 人担心的问题；A light wind disturbed the surface of the pond. 微风使池塘水面泛起涟漪；I'm sorry to disturb you with this question. 对不起 ,打搅你了 ,我有个问题请教；当时,饥荒是很多农村地区面临的令I have heard some bad news which has disturbed me very much. 我听到了一些坏消息,这使我很担心；11. searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. 寻求在不增加土地面积的基础上达到增收稻谷的途径；expand vt. & vi. 使变大；舒展；阐述 反义词： decrease Heat expands metal.金属受热膨胀；expand on/upon 详谈；充分表达You mentioned the need for extra funding. Would you please expand on that. 你提到了增加资金的必要性,请你充分表达一下好吗？12. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. 这增加的粮食产量意味着中国仅仅 7%的耕地养活了世界上 22%的人口；feed wheat to cattle=feed cattle with wheat 用小麦喂牛 feed plants with fertilizer 给植物施肥13. less developed countries 欠发达国家14. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 由于他的讨论,联合国在排除世界饥饿的战役中有了更多的方法；thanks to 幸亏 ;由于Thanks to the efforts by the headmaster ,幸亏你,我才没淹死；由于校长的努力,我现在又能回学校上学了；Thanks to you, I was saved from drowning. rid.of 使摆脱 ;使解除 ;使去掉You must rid yourself of these old-你必需摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚；用他的杂交水稻种子,农夫们种出比以前多一倍的粮食；分词短语 using his hybrid rice 作方式状语；形容词原形as.as的前面可以用倍数词 （如 half,a quarter,twice,three times 等）,意为 “ 是 的多少倍 ”；倍数的表达可用下面三个句型：A+be+ 倍数 +as+adj. + as+B； Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大；A+ be+ 倍数 +比较级 +than+B ；Asia is three times larger than Europe. 亚洲比欧洲大三倍；A+be+ 倍数 +the size/length/height/depth/width+of+B；Asia is four times the size of Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大；留意：time 表示倍数, 一般只限于表示基数词在内的三倍或三倍以上；如表示两倍, 可用副词twice 或形容词 double；time 表示的倍数也可以用分数、百分数或某些表程度的副词替换；Our room is 60% the size of theirs. 我们的房间是他们房间的60%大；第 2 页,共 6 页16. be satisfied with 对 感到中意 /满意I m very satisfied with you. 我对你很中意；I m not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前的情形一点都不中意；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全Youve done well at school. Im 你在学校干得不错,我对你很中意；近义词组 同根词 :satisfy vt. 满意 ;使中意 ; satisfaction n. 中意；满意be satisfied to do 对做 感到中意；He was satisfied to win the race. 他对赢得赛跑感到中意；satisfying ,satisfied 和 satisfactory 的区分 satisfying 令人中意的；使人满意的（令人中意的回答）satisfied 感到中意的；满意的 a satisfied smile （中意的微笑）satisfactory 圆满的 a satisfactory explanation （圆满的说明）17. However ,he doesn are about being famous. 但是,他对成名并不在意；care about 关怀 , 担忧,在乎,介意 Don't you care about this country's future. 莫非你不为国家前途担忧吗 . I don't much care about going. 我并不很想去；18. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上；would rather 宁愿；宁可做某事 Jane would rather stay at home than go to such parties.简宁愿待在家中也不愿参与此类晚会；1）“would rather +动词原形 ”是英语中常见的一个惯用句式（美国英语中多用had rather）；d rather为 would（或 had）rather 的缩写形式； would（ had）在此不是过去式,绝无“过去 ”之意,且无词性、时态的变化；该句式常用来表示挑选的意愿,意为“宁可 ；宁愿 ；最好 ” ；“would rather .than .意为 “ 宁可（愿） （而）不要Hed rather work in the countryside.他宁可到农村去工作；2）would rather 与 than 连用,可构成另一个惯用句式,即（愿） ；与其 不如 ” ；用以表达主语的意愿,强调经过挑选后做其中一件事,而不愿做另一件事；3）后接从句,从句谓语动词用一般过去式表示现在或将来,用过去完成时表示过去；I d rather you came tomorrow than today. 我宁愿你明天来,不要今日来；I d rather you hadnt done that. 我真期望你没做过那事；To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _ travel by air. A. as B. to C. than D. while prefer to比起 来,仍是 好; 喜爱 （而不喜爱 ）He preferred death to dishonor. 他宁死也不愿受辱；1）近义词组：2）prefer 和 to 后跟同等的并列成分,可以跟名词、动名词或不定式；常用三种结构：prefer+n. +to+n. ,I prefer English to biology. 我喜爱英语而不喜爱生物；prefer doing .to doing ,He prefers playing football to watching TV prefer to do. rather than do,.他喜爱踢足球而不喜爱看电视；比起乘公共汽车,他更情愿走回家；19. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. 事实上,他认为一个人有了 太多的钱,他的麻烦事只会更多,而不是更少；20. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 于是,他拿出好几百万元帮忙其他 人进行农业科学讨论；equip vi. & vt. 使某人 具备条件；装备,配备 1equip sb. for/to do sth. 使某人具备做某事的条件,使某人能够做某事Your training will equip you for your future job. 你的训练使得你能够胜任将来的工作；Your education will equip you to earn a good living. 你受的训练能够使你能谋上好生计；2equip with 用 装备 He equipped his bike with a head light. 他给自行车装上了前灯；We should equip our children with a good education. 我们应让孩子应到良好的训练；21. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.稻穗跟玉米穗一样大,而每 粒稻谷像花生米一般大；grain. 谷物；粮食；颗粒 Farmers produce millions of tons of grain to feed the nation. 农夫生产千千万万吨粮食供国人食用；1）短语： a grain of 一粒 ,<喻> 少许；一点儿名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 a grain of rice/wheat/corn/sand/salt 一粒米 /麦/谷 /沙/盐 She has not a grain of humor.她一点都不幽默；2）grain 作“谷物；粮食 ” 解时,是不行数名词,如 是可数名词,如：grains of sand 沙子；refined grain（细粮） ,coarse grain（粗粮）；作 “ 谷粒；颗粒 ”解时22. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. 袁博士从梦中醒来,期望能种植一种能养活更多的人的水稻；with /in the hope of 怀着 的期望I called in the hope of finding you at home. 我去看你是期望你在家的；23. Dr Yuan developed super hybrid rice to help Chinese farmers and hungry people around the world. 袁博士研发超级杂交水稻是为了帮忙中国农夫好世界各地受饿的人们；develop light industry进展轻工业develop a mine 开矿 develop a photograph 冲洗照片He is developing into a good soldier. 他在成长为一名好战士；24. Can you think of any other major development that would make a great difference to world hunger. 你能想到其他别的主要进展能对世界饥饿起重要作用么？make a difference 有影响,起 重要 作用Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause. 25. provide They provide us with food. 他们供应我们食物；你的支持在我们的事业中将肯定是很重要的；We provided food for the hungry children. 我们为饥饿的孩子们供应食物；He has a wife and seven children to provide for. 他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子；provide against 为.作好预备 , 预防 灾荒 , 困难 provide for 供应生活费 ; 养活,为 .作预备 , 防范,规定 provide with 给.供应 ; 以.装备 26. a certain purpose 某个缘由certain: 某个,某些for a certain reason 为了某种理由a certain Smith 某个叫史密斯的人确信的,有把握的,肯定的It is certain that two and two makes four. 二加二等于四是确定无疑的；We are certain of success.我们确信会成功；He is certain to come.他肯定会来的；I am certain that you'll succeed. 我确信你会成功；27. in large amounts.大量地 But people who burn these fuels often breathe in large amounts of smoke. 但是,人们谁这些燃料燃烧往往吸入大量的烟雾；28. because of 由于,由于 I did not go to the cinema because of the intense cold. 我由于寒冷没出去看电影；29. According to the WHOs information, about 1.8 million people across the world die each year from diseases caused by unsafe food and water.根据世界卫生组织统计,全世界每年大约一千八百万人死于因担心全食物和饮水而导致的疾 病；In big cities during cold winter months, many old people die from the polluted air. 人死于污染的空气；在大城市里,在冰冷的冬季,很多老年30. Not having enough food leads to poor health and, therefore, sickness. 没有足够的食物引起身体不健康,所以引发疾病；Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病；31. Over 56 percent of the people in a small Southeast Asian country are in jobs related to agriculture. 在东南亚的一个小国家里有 56%多的人从事于农业有关的工作；No doubt her death is related to politics. 她的死无疑和政治有关；32. With the open conditions in todays international business world, hybrid grains can be sold and sent a broad to countries around the world. 在当今国际事务的开发条件下,杂交谷物可以被销售到海外全世界各地的国家；They gave her a grant to study abroad for one year. 他们赐予她一份助学金资助她出国学习一年；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全33. In the past decade, some of the farmers in the west of China have met with some success in the struggle against the expanding desert. 过去的十年里,中国西部的一些农夫在与沙漠扩大化的斗争中取得了成功；I hope the arrangements meet with your approval. 我期望这些支配会得到你的同意；When your eyes meet with the person you like, you only smile.但当你与你喜爱的人四目交投,你只会微笑；To service the expanding markets, a new type of business was necessary. 为服务日益扩张的市场,一种新型的商业是必 需的；34. Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past, 有了新的 科学耕种方法,他们能够运用必过去少的耕地, He is equipped with much experience in teaching. 他具有丰富的教学体会；35. Their output of grain and other crops, however, is still the same, which makes it possible for them to use the remaining farmland for planting trees. 但是他们的谷物和其他作物的产量仍旧一样,这使得他们运用剩余的耕地种树成为可能；Guests were crowded into the few remaining rooms. 把客人都挤在剩余的几个房间里了；36. These and other farmers are starting to win small battles in the great war against the disturbing growth of the desert. 这 些农夫仍有其他农夫正开头在和沙漠无休止的增长的战争中赢得了一些小的成功；They won the battle but lost the war. 他们赢了这次战役 , 但输了这场战争 . 37. Its nice to help people in need of help . 帮忙需要帮忙的人令人开心；The brickwork in this house is in need of repair. 这所房子的砖造部分需要修理；38. To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries. I wish I could get rid of this cold. 我期望能摆脱这场感冒；39. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.对一些非洲国家来说摆脱贫困是重要的；再说明一下很重要,否就我们会使同学困惑；They asked so many questions that they confused me. 他们问了许很多多问题,把我弄糊涂了；40. He wanted to experiment with scientific methods of farming. experiment with 试用,用 做试验他想试用科学的耕种方法；Experiment with both to see which is better for your work. 用两者来实践一下看看哪种更有利于您的工作；41. He will keep trying out new ideas so he can help farmers around China. 他将连续试验新的想法来帮忙中国各地的农夫；We must try out the potential of market 我们必需摸索一下目标市场的潜力；42. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. 很多农夫喜爱使用化肥,把化肥作物防治农作物病虫害和提高产量的重要手段；43. long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and even more dangerous, to people 长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损,甚至更危急的是,会对人们的健康造成危害；44. First they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. 第一,化肥在杀死病菌和害虫的同时也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫；45. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and can这会影响到农作物,进而影响到动物和人类,由于化学成分会进入到农作物中,并且不能被冲洗掉；46. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people随着时间的推移,s bodies over time. 食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中积累；build up 积存；堵塞；树立,逐步建立；增进；锤炼47.In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. 另外,施过化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长得过快而养分不足；48. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 农夫关怀的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害；The conference will focus on how to prevent the spread of AIDS throughout the world. 这次会议将重点解决如何防止爱滋病在世界范畴内泛滥的问题；49. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. 他们认为这样会使地里的土壤更富含矿物质,因而也会更加肥沃50. every few years 每隔几年51. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil. 一些有机耕作者喜爱在农作物之间种草,以防止水土流失52. the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.名师归纳总结 第 5 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全同样的目标：种植好的粮食,防止损坏环境或者人们的健康；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页