2022年高中动词ing形式的被动语态学案.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载动词 ing 形式的被动语态适用学科高中英语适用年级高中三年级陕西西安60 适用区域课时时长（分钟）学问点动名词被动语态基本用法现在分词被动语态基本用法 教学目标 使同学完全把握动词-ing 形式的被动语态教学重点 动名词被动语态基本用法现在分词被动语态基本用法 教学难点 动名词被动语态基本用法现在分词被动语态基本用法教学过程 一、复习预习 一、概念1、v-ing 形式的种类功用和各种形式 主语、宾语、表语 ; （动名词）：V-ing 包括动名词和现在分词两种,分别可作：定语、状语、宾 /主语补足语 现在分词 留意：其否定形式是在其前边加：not/never. 其各种形式如下表：语态主动形式被动形式时态一般式not doing not being done 完成式not having done not having been done 2. V-ing 形式的被动式用法及种类当 v-in g 与它的规律主语构成被动关系时,要用其被动式, v-ing 的被动式有两种：一般被动式： being done；完成被动式：和现在分词的被动式两种；二、学问讲解having been done; V-ing 形式的被动式包括动名词被动式名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载考点 / 易错点 1 动名词的被动式动名词的被动式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语,且在句中只表被动,不表进行；1、作主语So being killed by sharks was a common thing. 因此被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事；Being laughed at in public is a terrible thing. 在公共场合下被嘲笑是件可怕的事；Being exposed to the sun does harm to health.暴漏在阳光下对身体有害；The presidents being killed led to serious consequences.总统被杀导致了严峻后果；2、 作宾语 V-ing 形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语 , 也可作介词的宾语；He was afraid of _ abandon by us.He did it without _ ask You can t eat anything before _operate onI remember having been told the story. 3、作表语 What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 使孩子最为担忧的是他不被答应到医院看母亲；What I hate most is _ laugh at The problem is for from _ settle 留意 ：动名词的被动式作主语和表语时,常用其一般式（being done,不习惯用完成式；但作宾语时,如其动作发生谓语动词之前或强调动作已经发生,可用其完成式（having been done；如：I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad. 我很感谢能被给与到国外留学的机会；动名词的被动式在句中作主、宾、表时,其特点是只表被动,不表进行；动名词的被动式作主、宾、表时,有时可采纳其复合结构形式,即：名词全部格 /形容性 物主代词 + being done；如：Toms being admitted to college is a big surprise for us. 汤姆被高校入取让我们很是惊奇；The discovery of new evidence led to his being caught. 新证据的发觉导致他被捕；现在分词的被动式 现在分词的被动式常句中作宾补和定语,一般不作状语（除个别情形例外）；在句中既表被 动又表进行. 1、 作宾补 现在分词的被动式（being done）作宾补时,表示正在进行的被动的动作,常与感官动词连 用；I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom. Youll find the topic _ discuss everywhere now.As we approached the village we saw new houses _ build 留意： 与过去分词作宾补的区分：过去分词作宾补表示动作已完成 . 2、作定语 being done）作定语时时,表示正在进行的被动的动作；现在分词的被动式（The meeting _ discuss now is very important. He asked who was the girl _ operate ） on in the operating room. 留意 ：现在分词的被动式作后置定语时,表示正在进行的被动的动作；过去分词作后置名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载定语表示已经发生的被动的动作；不定式的被动式作后置定语表示未发生或即将发生的被 动的动作；如：a meeting being held now 正在被举办的会议 a meeting heldyesterday 昨天举办的会议 a meeting to be held tomorrow 明天将举办的会议 现在分词的被动完成式 having been done 不能做定语和宾补；The building having been built last year × The building built last year We found him having been killed. × We found him killed 考点 / 易错点 2 现在分词的被动完成式 having been done 作状语 当分词与句子的主语构成被动关系,且此分词动作（明确地）发生在句子的谓语动词 之前或连续发生一段时间（或连续发生多次）时可用现在分词的被动完成式 having been done 作状语；Having been shown around the classroom, we were taken to visit the lab. 被领着参观了教室后,我们又被带着参观了试验室；Having been told the news, they put off the trip. 被告知此消息后,他们取消了这次旅；Having been separated for many years by the war , they couldnt recognize each other. 因战争而分别多年后,他们都认不出对方了；Having been told many times, the boy still didnt know how to do it.尽管被告知多次了,那个小男孩他仍旧不知如何去做；留意 ：如分词有自己独立的主语可构成独立主格结构；The work having been done,they left the office. All the exam papers having been handed in, the teacher sent the students home. 在这种独立主格结构中,用现在分词的被动完成式形式与用过去分词形式差别不大；而 为了简洁,习惯采纳过去分词形式,如上面两句常表达成：The work done,they left the office. All the exam papers handed in, the teacher sent the students home. 留意：过去分词作状语与现在分词的被动完成式的区分：二者作状语时,都表示与句子的主语构成被动关系,区分不大,可以互换；但是在这 种情形下,为了简洁,仍是习惯采纳过去分词形式作状语；Asked=Having been asked to work overtime,I missed a wonderful film. 由于昨晚被要求加班,我错过了一场出色的电影；Polluted =Having been polluted seriously, the water in the river was not safe to drink. 但是假如强调分词动作发生在句子的谓语动词之前或强调分词动作连续发生多次发（或连续一段时间） 仍是习惯采纳现在分词的被动完成式 别仍是不大；having been done 作状语, 但终归区Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistakes. 尽管被告知了多次,他仍是犯同样的错误；考点 / 易错点 3 动名词的主动形式表被动意义在 want,need,require,deserve 等动词之后作宾语时,常用动名词的主动式表示被动意 义；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载在（ be）worth 后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义；His suggestion is worth considering. 在 allow ,advise,forbid ,permit 等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语,假如后面出名词或 代词作宾语,其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语；如：We don t allow smoking here. 我们不答应在这儿抽烟 We don t allow students to smoke here. 我们不答应同学抽烟三、例题精析【例题 1 】【题干】 _ to sunlight for too much tim e will do harm to one 上海 , 2002 A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being expose D. After being exposed 【答案】 C 【解析】 本句中 expose 与 one's skin 是动宾关系,依据句意,应当是皮肤被暴露在阳光下,所以要用动词 -ing 形式的被动形式作主语,故答案为 C；【例题 2 】【题干】 The bird _ escaped. I didnat home. 【答案】 being caught being left, 也可作介词的宾语；【解析】 V-ing 形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语【例题 3 】【题干】 _ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. Having been told B. Having told C. Been told D. Telling 【答案】 A 【解析】 先被告知了故事的内容再打算不去看电影,分词动作发生在句子的谓语动词之前四、课堂运用【基础】1. _ that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain. A. Having told B. Having been told C. Tell D. Telling D. to 2.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.C. being caught A. catching B. to be caught catch 【巩固】1._ many times, he finally understood it. 名师归纳总结 A.Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 第 4 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载2. Your car needs _fill. 你这车要充气This city deserves _visit. 这座城市值得光顾一下；The problem requires _ studycarefully. 这个问题需要仔细讨论；The trees want _ water. 这些树需要浇水了；【拔高】1. _ by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience. A. Having been misunderstood B.Being misunderstood C. Having understood D. Misunderstood 2. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party. （2000, 上海）A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invite 3 The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March. A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched 课程小结D. to be launched 1、V-ing 的一般被动式（ being done）可作 主语、宾语、表语、后置定语、补语,一般不作状语 ; 作主语、宾语、表语时是动名词的用法,只表被动不表进行；作后置定语、宾 /主补语时是现在分词的用法,既表被动又表进行；2、现在分词的被动完成式having been done ,只表被动不表进行,可作宾语和状语,表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作；3、V-ing 的一般被动式（being done）一般不用作状语,由于过去分词形式已经替代它作了状语；所以像这句话：Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. 这种表达不常见,习惯性表达是把 Being 去掉 , 而且这种表达也不作为考试测试中的依据；课后作业【基础】请看以下句子,看看动词-ing 形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分；1. So being killed by sharks was a common occurrence. 2. He didnt mind being left at home. 3. That building being repaired is our library. 4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe. 5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away. 【巩固】将以下句子翻译成英语；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载1. 他受不了别人那样开他的玩笑；2. 这问题远远没有解决；3. 没有谁请他做,是他自己做的；4. 在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西；5. 既然已做出了打算,下个问题就是如何制定一个好的方案；【拔高】改错Losing in thought, he went to home at night. Walking on a dark road, His head was hit by a fallen glass. His head was badly injured. Having suffering the great pain, he went to the hospital at once. Having trained for a week, he went ill. Now he still regrets to walk carelessly. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页